Đốt m (g) Fe trong bình chứa 6,72 (l) khí Clo (đo ở đktc). Sau PƯ thu đc 29,25 (g) muối sắt (III) clorua FeCl3. Tính m.
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\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{6.72}{56}=0.12\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{3.36}{22.4}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Fe+3Cl_2\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}2FeCl_3\)
\(0.1........0.15....0.1\)
\(m_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=\left(0.12-0.1\right)\cdot56=1.12\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{FeCl_3}=0.1\cdot162.5=16.25\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ 2Fe+3Cl_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2FeCl_3\\ n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{FeCl_3}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ a,V_{Cl_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{FeCl_3}=162,5.0,2=32,5\left(g\right)\)
a, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2Fe+3Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2FeCl_3\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Fe}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{Cl_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
b, \(n_{FeCl_3}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_3}=0,2.162,5=32,5\left(g\right)\)
nFe = \(\frac{5,6}{56}\) = 0,1 (mol)
2Fe + 3Cl2 \(\underrightarrow{t^0}\) 2FeCl3
0,1 ---------------> 0,1 (mol)
mFeCl3 = 0,1 . 162,5 = 16,25 (g)
nFe = 5,6 / 56 = 0,1 mol
PTHH:
\(2Fe+3Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2FeCl_3\)
0,1.....................0,1
=> mFeCl3 = 0,1 x 162,5 = 16,25 gam
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5.6}{56}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+\dfrac{3}{2}Cl_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}FeCl_3\)
\(0.1.......0.15..........0.1\)
\(V_{Cl_2}=0.15\cdot22.4=3.36\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{FeCl_3}=0.1\cdot162.5=16.25\left(g\right)\)
Bổ sung: Khí O2 được đo ở ĐKTC.
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m_{Fe}}{M_{Fe}}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
...........3.............2............1........
...........0,2..........0,4/3.......0,2/3......
a. \(V=V_{O_2\left(ĐKTC\right)}=n_{O_2}\cdot22,4=\dfrac{0,4}{3}\cdot22,4\approx2,99\left(l\right)\)
b. \(m=m_{Fe_3O_4}=n_{Fe_3O_4}\cdot M_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{3}\cdot232\approx15,47\left(g\right)\)
BT1 :
Bảo toàn khối lượng :
\(m_{FeCl_3}=m_{Fe}+m_{Cl_2}=11.2+21.3=32.5\left(g\right)\)
\(Fe+\dfrac{3}{2}Cl_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}FeCl_3\)
\(1.5.....2.25......1.5\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{9\cdot10^{23}}{6\cdot10^{23}}=1.5\left(mol\right)\)
Số phân tử Cl2 : \(2.25\cdot6\cdot10^{23}=13.5\cdot10^{23}\left(pt\right)\)
Số phân tử FeCl3 : \(1.5\cdot6\cdot10^{23}=9\cdot10^{23}\left(pt\right)\)
a) Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,4}{56}=\dfrac{27}{280}\left(mol\right)\)
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{\dfrac{27}{280}}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\) => Fe hết, HCl dư
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
\(\dfrac{27}{280}\)----------->\(\dfrac{27}{280}\)-->\(\dfrac{27}{280}\)
=> VH2 = \(\dfrac{27}{280}.22,4=2,16\left(l\right)\)
c) \(n_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{27}{280}\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{14}{56}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ 2Fe+3Cl_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2FeCl_3\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,3}{3}< \dfrac{0,25}{2}\Rightarrow Fedư\\ n_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,3=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{FeCl_3}=162,5.0,2=32,5\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow D\)
\(n_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{29,25}{162,5}=0,18\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Fe + 3Cl2 --to--> 2FeCl3
0,18<------------------0,18
=> mFe = 0,18.56 = 10,08(g)
PTHH: \(Fe+3Cl\underrightarrow{t^o}FeCl_3\)
\(n_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{29,25}{162,5}=0,18\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{FeCl_3}=n_{Fe}=0,18\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,18.56=10,08\left(g\right)\)
Vậy: m = 10,08