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a. KClO3 + 6HCl → 3Cl2 + KCl + 3H2O.
2Fe + 3Cl2 \(\underrightarrow{t^o}\) 2FeCl3.
FeCl3 + 3NaOH \(\rightarrow\) Fe(OH)3 + 3NaCl.
2Fe(OH)3 + 3H2SO4 \(\rightarrow\) Fe2(SO4)3 + 6H2O.
b. KClO3 + 6HCl → 3Cl2 + KCl + 3H2O.
2Na + Cl2 \(\underrightarrow{t^o}\) 2NaCl.
2NaCl + H2SO4 (đặc) \(\underrightarrow{250^oC}\) Na2SO4 + 2HCl.
2HCl + CuO \(\rightarrow\) CuCl2 + H2O.
CuCl2 + 2AgNO3 \(\rightarrow\) 2AgCl + Cu(NO3)2.
2AgCl + Cu \(\rightarrow\) CuCl2 + 2Ag.
\(4HCl+MnO_2\rightarrow MnCl_2+2H_2O+Cl_2\uparrow\\ 2Fe+3Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2FeCl_3\\ FeCl_3+3NaCl\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow+NaCl\\ 2Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6H_2O\)
a)
\(MnO_2 + 4HCl \to MnCl_2 + Cl_2 + 2H_2O\\ Cl_2 + H_2 \xrightarrow{ánh\ sáng} 2HCl\\ NaOH + HCl \to NaCl + H_2O\\ 2NaCl \xrightarrow{đpnc} 2Na + Cl_2\\ Cl_2 + SO_2 + 2H_2O \to 2HCl + H_2SO_4\\ NaCl + H_2SO_4 \xrightarrow{t^o} NaHSO_4 + HCl\)
b)
\(PbO_2 + 4HCl \to PbCl_2 + Cl_2 + 2H_2O\\ 2Na + Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2NaCl\\ 2NaCl \xrightarrow{đpnc} 2Na + Cl_2\\ 2Fe + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2FeCl_3\\ FeCl_3 + 3KOH \to Fe(OH)_3 + 3KCl\\ 2Fe(OH)_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2O\\ Fe_2O_3 + 6HNO_3 \to 2Fe(NO_3)_3 + 3H_2O\)
\(H_2 + Cl_2 \xrightarrow{ánh\ sáng} 2HCl\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ 2FeCl_2 + Cl_2 \to 2FeCl_3\\ FeCl_3 + 3KOH \to Fe(OH)_3 + 3KCl\\ Fe(OH)_3 + 3HCl \to FeCl_3 + 3H_2O\\ 4HCl + MnO_2 \to MnCl_2 + Cl_2 + 2H_2O\\ \)
\(2NaOH + Cl_2 \to NaCl + NaClO + H_2O\\ NaCl + H_2SO_4 \xrightarrow{t^o} NaHSO_4 + HCl\\ CuO + 2HCl \to CuCl_2 + H_2O\\ CuCl_2 + 2AgNO_3 \to Cu(NO_3)_2 + 2AgCl\)
1,
KClO3(nhiệt phân) => KCl+O2
O2 + Fe(nhiệt độ) => Fe3O4
Fe3O4+CO => Fe+CO2
Fe+Cl2(nhiệt độ) => FeCl3
FeCl3+Ba(OH)2 => BaCl2+Fe(OH)3
Fe(OH)3+CuSO4 => Fe2(SO4)3+Cu(OH)2
2,
S+O2 => SO2
SO2+O2 => SO3
SO3+H2O => H2SO4
H2SO4đặc,nóng+Cu => CuSO4+SO2+H2O
CuSO4+BaCl2 => CuCl2+BaSO4
CuCl2 +AgNO3 => Cu(NO3)2 + AgCl
3,
Fe + S => FeS
FeS + 2HCl => FeCl2 + H2
H2S + O2 => SO2 + H2O
SO2+ NaOH => Na2SO3 +H2O
Na2SO3 + BaCl2 => BaSO4 + NaCl
NaCl + HNO3 => NaNO3 + HCl
4,
Na2SO4 + H2SO4 => Na2SO4 + SO2 + H2O
SO2 + O2 =>2SO3
SO3 + H2O => H2SO4
H2SO4 + BaCl2 => BaSO4 + 2HCl
Fe+ 2HCl=> FeCl2 + H2
FeCl2 +2AgNO3 => Fe(NO3)2 + AgCl
(1)Fe+2HCl -> FeCl2+H2
(2)FeCl2 +Ba(OH)2->Fe(OH)2+BaCl2
(3)Fe(OH)2->(to)FeO+H2O
(4)FeO+H2->Fe+H2O
(5)3Fe+2O2->Fe3O4
(6)Fe3O4+4CO->3Fe+4CO2
(7)2Fe+3Cl2->(to)2FeCL3
(8)FeCl3+3NaOH->Fe(OH)3+3NaCl
(9)2Fe(OH)3+3H2SO4->Fe2(SO4)3+6H2O
4HCl+MnO2-->MnCl2+2H2O+Cl2
3Cl2+2Fe-->2FeCl3
FeCl3+3NaOH-->3NaCl+Fe(OH)3
2NaCl+H2SO4-->Na2SO4+2HCl
2HCl+Cuo-->CuCl2+H2O
CuCl2+2AgNO3-->2AgCl+Cu(NO3)2
3)
3Cl2+6KOH→3H2O+5KCl+KClO3
2KClO3→2KCl+3O2
2KCl+H2SO4→K2SO4+2HCl
16HCl+2KMnO4→5Cl2+8H2O+2KCl+2MnCl2
2Ca(OH)2+2Cl2→2H2O+CaCl2+Ca(ClO)2 e)a. 2KMnO4 + 16HCl (đ) -> 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O (Đ.C Cl2)
Cl2 + KOH -> KCl + KClO3 + H2O
2KClO3 -> 2KCl + 3O2 (đ/c khí O2 lớp 8)
2KCl -> 2K + Cl2
Cl2 + H2O ->HCl + HClO
2HCl + Fe -> FeCl2 + H2
2FeCl2 + Cl2 -> 2FeCl3
FeCl3 + NaOH -> Fe(OH)3 + NaCl
bài 1
câu a:
Mn02 + 4HCl --> MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H20
Cl2 + H2 -->t° ánh sáng 2HCl
4HCl + Mn02 --> MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H20
Cl2 + 2Na -->t° 2NaCl
2NaCl -->điện phân nóng chảy 2Na + Cl2
câu b/
2KMnO4 + 16HCl (đ) -> 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O (Đ.C Cl2)
Cl2 + KOH -> KCl + KClO3 + H2O
2KClO3 -> 2KCl + 3O2 (đ/c khí O2 lớp 8)
2KCl -> 2K + Cl2
Cl2 + H2O ->HCl + HClO
2HCl + Fe -> FeCl2 + H2
2FeCl2 + Cl2 -> 2FeCl3
FeCl3 + NaOH -> Fe(OH)3 + NaCl
câu c/
HCl ---> Cl2 ---> FeCl3 ---> NaCl ---> HCl ---> CuCl2 ---> AgCl
2HCl→Cl2+H2
3Cl2+2Fe→2FeCl3
3NaOH+FeCl3→3NaCl+Fe(OH)3
H2SO4+NaCl→HCl+NaHSO4
CuO+2HCl→2H2O+CuCl2
2AgNO3+CuCl2→2AgCl+Cu(NO3)2
Bài 2:
CTHH: MO
\(n_{MO}=\dfrac{15,3}{M_M+16}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: MO + 2HCl --> MCl2 + H2O
=> \(n_{MCl_2}=\dfrac{15,3}{M_M+16}\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(\dfrac{15,3}{M_M+16}\left(M_M+71\right)=20,8\)
=> MM = 137 (g/mol)
=> M là Ba (Bari)
\(n_{BaO}=\dfrac{15,3}{153}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: BaO + 2HCl --> BaCl2 + H2O
0,1-->0,2
=> mHCl = 0,2.36,5 = 7,3 (g)
=> \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{7,3.100}{18,25}=40\left(g\right)\)
\(a.\)
\(NaCl+H_2SO_4\underrightarrow{t^0}NaHSO_4+HCl\)
\(2KMnO_4+16HCl\rightarrow2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\)
\(Fe+\dfrac{3}{2}Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^0}FeCl_3\)
\(2FeCl_3+Fe\rightarrow3FeCl_2\)
\(FeCl_2\underrightarrow{đpdd}Fe+Cl_2\)
\(Fe+2AgNO_3\rightarrow Fe\left(NO_3\right)_2+2Ag\)
\(b.\)
\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(FeCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+3NaCl\)
\(2Fe\left(OH\right)_2+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6H_2O\)
\(Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3BaCl_2\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3BaSO_4\)