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In Vietnam, Ede people are the 12th among 54 ethnic groups. It is estimated that more than 331,000 Ede people reside mainly in the provinces of Daklak, southern of Gia Lai province and the west. of the two provinces of Khanh Hoa and Phu Yen of Vietnam.
Ede ethnic group in the community of ethnic groups in Vietnam - photo 1
Picture: internet
The Ede people are native speakers of the Malay language, having long-standing origins from the sea. Although migrating to central Vietnam and migrating to the Central Highlands during the late eighteenth and fifteenth centuries, in the depths of the E de people, waterfronts and boats are still images. Pictures have not faded.
Ede long stilts have a long boat shape, the main door opens to the left, the window opens to the side. Inside the house is a wooden dome with the same roof. Ede houses are low-floor type houses, usually from 15 to more than 100 m depending on family or many people. It is the Ede house with unique characteristics unlike the houses of other residents in the Central Highlands. It is home to large matrilineal families. The long house is also a symbolic work reflecting the most typical of Ede ethnic culture. Ethnologist Dr. Liu Hung, deputy director of the Museum of Ethnology of Vietnam, said: "In terms of culture, the long house is a large exhibit showing many things, Dike is a matriarchal society. Symbols of matriarchal society show up from the Ede long house, which is a woman-made twin image of a woman's full breast on the stairs to the north of the house and sides. column in the house. The items in the home also show the matriarchy. "
In the Ede family, the landlord is a woman. According to the matriarchal system, the children bear the maternal family, the son does not inherit. Men marry and live at home wife. Only the daughter inherited the property, the youngest daughter inherited the church and grandparents responsible for raising old parents. When a girl marries, the house will be extended to new families. Looking at the window of the long house can know the Ede girl is married or not. If the window is opened, the woman is married.
In production, the Ede people used to hunt, gather, cultivate, fish, weave, weave, etc. The agricultural characteristics of the E de people are rotational, In addition to cultivated lands, there are also wild lands where the land can be rested. Nowadays, the Ede people do not only cultivate fields, they are also associated with processing agricultural products, planting industrial crops such as coffee, rubber, pepper, cocoa ... In addition to cultivation, cattle, elephants. The villagers in E de village also make knitwear, bronze bowls, wooden furniture, jewelry, pottery ... to serve spiritual rituals and daily life activities.
In the spiritual life, E de people consider Gie (God) as the supreme god, and from time immemorial E de people consider the things and phenomena of nature as separate gods. Rain god, mountain god, river god, forest god ... and according to the concept of the people, every thing from grass to trees, gongs, gongs ... are souls inside. Nguyen Tru, a researcher in the Central Highlands, said: "It was natural conditions, rivers and mountains that created the culture of the E de people. It is also a way for the Ede to remember their ancestors, the forest, grateful for what they have, what makes life today. Therefore, even the gongs, gongs also bring the sound toward the mountains, forests towards the river ... "
The thai have a population of about one and a hald million people living in th provinces of lai chau , son la ,yen bai, hoa binh ,thanh hoa and nghe an .the thai languase belongs to the tay-thai group.
The thai are experienced farmers .they dig canals to bring water to their fieds. Their main food is rice,especially, sticky rice .The thai also grow other crops on burnt-out land . They raise cattle and poultry for their own use .They also make bamboo items ,and weave cloth. Thai cloth is well-known for being unique ,colourful and strong.
Vietnam has 54 ethnic composition. Through the centuries, Vietnam ethnic communities were sticking, solidarity struggle against invading enemies, protect the Bank's independence, freedom and build the country. Each nation has its own cultural identity that make up the unity and diversity of the culture of Vietnam.
The cultural identity of the peoples is expressed clearly in the economic activities physical culture and ethnic community of people. One of the common characteristics that make up the human qualities and culture of Vietnam is patriotism, virtue, diligence, patience, creative labor in manufacturing, sticking, sociable village community with nature, neighbors and lenient altruistic, of every human.
54 peoples of Vietnam are ranked by 3 languages and language group 8: Vietnam-Tay-Thai, Muong, butt-knife, Ka belt, South Burma, Tibet, Han Chinese.
Mường-Vietnamese team 4: ethnic, Mường, Turks, Chứt. Compatriots live mainly by water and fishing. In the spiritual life there continue to worship the same grandparents ancestors and traditional crafts development in high level.
Tay-Thai language group has 8 races: Thai, Tay, Nung, Giáy, Lao, Lu, San Chay, Buyei. Fellow-residents are concentrated in the provinces of the Northeast and Northern Vietnam such as: Cao Bang, lang son, Thai Nguyen, BAC kan, Quang Son La, Lai Chau, Yen Bai ... The Tày language groups of Thai people speak South Asian languages, in the House floor, planting water associated with the deal materialise, know the advantage of the terrain, the Valley, creating the millstone of rice, the spin along the ditch system, fade , drive, lín put water on the rice field. The craft is quite developed, such as forging, textiles with beautiful and refined products. They have the general conception of the universe, the humans and the gods. Besides, every people has the own identity, are manifest through costume, homes, dining practices, customs, people, lifestyle and lifestyle.
Tay ethnic woman
Language group has 3 ethnic Knives-Ass: Ass, Knives, Pa; language group Ka belt with 4 peoples: La, La Ha, flag, Qabiao; groups of Tibetan language in Burma have 6 races: Lolo, Phù Lá, Hani, Lahu, Tribute, Si La. Peoples in 3 this group reside in the Eastern focus: Cao Bang, lang son, Thai Nguyen, Ha Giang, Tuyen Quang, Son La , Lao Cai, Lai Chau. Their version of the village is built on the mountain taller or halfway up mountains. Some people, like La, Drain, Si La and a few groups of the knives up villages and coastal rivers, streams. Depending on how the ground floor up, fellow, landscaping, home of half the floor half the land.
Fellow good at farming corn, rice, wheat, extremely boring and the vegetables, beans and materialise slash on terraces, and developed the craft such as forging, weaving, wicker. Especially women in very good at weaving, embroidery, worked out the unique outfits for themselves, their families and communities. Market place is clearly cultural identities, displays the entire economic life from the culinary culture, cultural wear, embroidery art, prints, performances of music, dance and musical instrument ... Oriental people, cultural imprint.
Language group has 21 ethnic Kumer Subjects: Ba Na, Brau, Bru, stay tuned, Co, Ho, Tu, Giẻ Triêng Muscle, H'rê, Protest, Kumer, Khmu, array, Beautiful Ebony, Mnông, Oh rockers Măm, Tà and Plated rancid, fiber Post, Xtiêng. Fellow-residents scattered in the area of Northern, Central and Southern Highlands-. The primary economic life slash farming methods by the method of poking holes look nuts. Bungalow architecture, long House, the Temple of the ethnic Khmer Me; Wicker crafts and community cultural festival is the cultural originality of Subject-Kumer residents.
South Island language group have 5: health, family ethnic Rai, Rhade, Raglai, Chu Ru. Resident fellow focused on the red soil plateau Highlands and Central coastal strip; South Island culture with bold patterns.
Groups of Han language has three nationalities: United, San Diu, Afraid. Fellow-residents on all three northern, Central, Southern, the Han culture with bold accessories.
The beauty of the lack of minority women
Can say Vietnam's culture is the synthesis of 54 cultural values of peoples, including the indigenous peoples living on the territory of Vietnam, there are peoples migrated from elsewhere; There are number of people only a few hundred people, there are millions of people, but the people always treat each other like brothers a home, love and mutual reassurance together build the defence as Uncle HO have Lok in letter The Congress of the ethnic minorities: "or fellow Turks, Mường Mán, or Rai, Rhade, Bahnar or the Post and the other minorities, are Vietnam, descendants are bloody meat. We are the living dead, the happiness together, no hunger and help each other. The river can be shallow, mountains can tear, but the crush of solidarity we never diminished. We decided to again force common contributors to keep our autonomy ".
The Kinh are also known as the Vietnamese, and Son La is the second largest group, accounting for 18% of the province's population. Population is concentrated in urban areas. Kinh language in Vietnamese - Muong language. Apart from the part of ethnic minorities residing in Son La area, many people have just moved from the North and North Central Plains. Especially since listening to the call of the Party to build mountainous economic development, Kinh people from the delta provinces to Son La; The family of Dien Bien Phu campaign soldiers stayed in the mountainous region. At present, some areas in the province of Kinh ethnic minorities include Kinh people in Hai Duong, Hung Yen and Thai Binh provinces in Song Ma and Yen Chau districts; Thai Binh province in Thuan Chau, Ha Tay province in Mai Son and so on.Kinh people living in Son La are interspersed with ethnic minority people. They quickly integrate in production, cultural exchange and solidarity to create cohesion and development in Son land. Leaves. The Kinh are also called Vietnamese. The Kinh language belongs to the Viet-Muong language group. Kinh people do farming. In the wet rice cultivation, the Kinh people have traditionally built dikes, ditches. Horticulture, mulberry growing, livestock and poultry husbandry, river fishing and marine fish development. Pottery is very early. Kinh people have habits betel betel, drinking tea, water. In addition to fried rice, sticky rice, also porridge, sticky rice. Shrimp sauce, duck eggs flipped is a unique dish of the Kinh.The Kinh village is often surrounded by bamboo, and there is a strong village gate in many places. Each village has a communal meeting place and worship. Kinh people live in the land. In the Kinh family, the husband (the father) is the owner. Children take their father and father's relatives as "family", while mother is "grandfather". The first son was responsible for organizing the worship of his parents, grandparents. Each of them has their own church, with their heads in charge of their work. Monogamy marriage The wedding is going through many rituals, the boy asked his wife and married his wife. After the wedding, the bride returns home. The men respect virginity, virtue of the bride, and pay attention to their background.The ancestor worshipers of the Kinh. The deceased are sacrificed by their descendants every year on the day they die. Their graves are regularly visited by relatives and carers. Every year the farmer has a series of festivals and festivals associated with farmer beliefs. In addition, Buddhism, Taoism, Taoism, Catholicism from the outside came into being received at different levels. The literary capital of the Kinh is quite large: oral literature (stories, folk songs, proverbs), literary literature (poetry, literature, books). Early and advanced art in many respects: singing, music, sculpture, painting, dancing, singing. The annual village festival is one of the most exciting and lively events in the countryside
Nowadays, environmental pollution is a hot issue, causing huge waves in public. There are a lot of scientific studies on this issue. Do you know that the cause of pollution originates from the tasks seeming small in our daily lives such as littering, deforestation, or the direct discharge of smoke from vehicles, factory into the environment without treatment. However, if these actions are repeated many times, gradually, the amount of pollution is increasing and has the opposite impact on our lives. The manifestation of environmental pollution is an increase in the carbon footprint in the air, soil and water, which is a gas that does not sustain life. Environmental pollution is also a direct cause of global warming, leading to a series of phenomena, such as the greenhouse effect, ice caps melting, natural disasters such as droughts, floods, volcanic eruption and so on. The sea level is rising, more and more natural disasters occur, which threaten all species, make some of which be rare or extinct, break the ecological balance on the Earth. Human beings are not exception. We are breathing polluted air, eating unsafe food. In recent years, we have seen a dramatic increase in the number of people suffering from respiratory and digestive diseases. In conclusion, environmental pollution is a matter taking a lot of concern. It is time for us to take action to overcome this current issue, to protect our own lives.
Dịch
Ngày nay, ô nhiễm môi trường là một chủ đề nóng hổi, gây lên làn sóng trong dư luận. Đã có rất nhiều công trình nghiên cứu khoa học về vấn đề này. Bạn biết không, nguyên nhân của ô nhiễm bắt nguồn từ những công việc tưởng chừng như rất nhỏ trong cuộc sống hàng ngày của chúng ta như xả rác bừa bãi, phá rừng làm rẫy, hay tù khói của xe cộ, các xí nghiệp thải trực tiếp qua môi trường mà không được xử lí. Tuy nhiên nếu những hành động này được lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần, dần dần, lượng ô nhiễm ngày càng nhiều và tác động ngược lại đến với cuộc sống của chúng ta. Biểu hiện của ô nhiễm môi trường chính là sự tăng lên vè nồng độ carbon trong không khí, đất và nước, đây là chất khí không duy trì sự sống. Ô nhiễm môi trường còn là nguyên nhân trực tiếp dẫn đến sự nóng lên toàn cầu, dẫn đến hàng loạt hiện tượng như hiệu ứng nhà kính, băng tan hai cực, các thảm họa tự nhiên như hạn hán, lũ lụt, phun trào núi lửa,... Mực nước biển ngày càng dâng cao, ngày càng nhiều các thảm họa tự nhiên xuất hiện đã đe dọa đến tất cả các loài sinh vật, khiến một số loài trở nên khan hiếm hay thậm chí là tiệt chủng, gây ra sự mất cân bằng sinh thái trên trái đất. Con người cũng không ngoại lệ. Chúng ta đang hít phải không khí ô nhiễm, ăn những thực phẩm chưa đảm bảo chất lượng. Những năm gần đây, chúng ta chứng kiến con số tăng lên đáng kể những người mắc phải các căn bệnh liên quan đến hệ hô hấp, tiêu hóa. Nói tóm lại, ô nhiễm môi trường đang là vấn đề đáng lo ngại. Đã đến lúc chúng ta phải bắt tay hành động khắc phục hiện trạng này, bảo vệ cuộc sống của chính chúng ta.
In recent years, the mass media have been reporting so much on environmental issues, attracting a great deal of attention from the public. In Vietnam, the most recently representative event is the mass death of fish from Ha Tinh province to Quang Tri province, causing huge damage to the government till hundreds of billion Dong, affecting the lives of inhabitants here. Not only Vietnam, some other countries in the region and in the world also suffer from severe environmental pollution. For example, in Beijing, China, the amount of air pollution is in excess of the permitted level, most of people here have to live with respiratory diseases. To overcome this current issue, the governments of many governments have the different measures to minimize the amount of pollution emitted to the environment. Many activities have been encouraged such as recycling, reusing, reforestation, waste collection, using alternative energy and so on. There have been a number of global campaigns to raise awareness of citizens like the Earth Hour with slogans, posters such as 'Protect our Earth', 'Green Environment', etc. In Vietnam, the government has also passed many laws fining heavily the organizations and individuals. Step by step, we are trying our best to protect the environment, turning the Earth into a wonderful place to live. Hope that in the future, the environmental pollution will no longer be a concern.
Dịch
Những năm gần đây, các phương tiện truyền thông đại chúng rầm rộ đưa tin về các vấn đề ô nhiễm môi trường, thu hút sự quan tâm lớn của cộng đồng. Ở Việt Nam, sự kiện tiêu biểu gần đây nhất là vụ cá chết hàng loạt từ cá tỉnh Hà Tĩnh cho đến Quảng Trị, làm thiệt hại của nhà nước hàng trăm tỉ đồng, ảnh hưởng đến đời sống sinh hoạt của người dân nơi đây. Không chỉ Việt Nam, một số nước khác trong khu vực và trên thế giới cũng chịu ảnh hưởng của ô nhiễm môi trường một cách nghiêm trọng. Ví dụ như ở Bắc Kinh, Trung Quốc, lượng ô nhiễm trong không khí đã vượt quá mức cho phép, đa số người dân phải sống chung với các bệnh liên quan đến hô hấp. Để khắc phục thực trạng này, chính phủ của các nước đã có những biện pháp khác nhau để giảm đến mức tối đa lượng ô nhiễm thải ra môi trường. Nhiều hoạt động được khuyến khích như tái chế, tái sử dụng, tái trồng rừng, thu gom rác thải, sử dụng năng lượng thay thế,...Đã có rất nhiều những chiến dịch mang tính chất toàn cầu nhằm nâng cao nhận thức của công dân như sự kiện Giờ Trái Đất với các tấm khẩu hiệu, áp phích như ‘Bảo vệ Trái Đất’, ‘Môi trường xanh’,... Ở Việt Nam, chính phủ cũng thông qua nhiều chế tài xử phạt nặng các doanh nghiệp, cá nhân có hành động phá hoại môi trường như săn bắn bất hợp pháp, vứt rác bừa bãi, phá rừng... Từng bước, chúng ta đang cố gắng hết sức bảo vệ môi trường trong lành, biến Trái đất thành một nơi tuyệt vời để sống. Hi vọng rằng trong tương lai gần, ô nhiễm môi trường sẽ không còn là vấn đề đáng lo ngại nữa.
The Thai have a population of about one and milion people living in the provinces in the north. The Thai language belongs to the Tay - Thai group. The Thai worship their ancestors and every year they hold many festivals and traditional games. They live on farming and they are experienced farmers. They dig canals to bring water to their fields. Their main food is rice, especially sticky rice. The Thai also raise cattle and poultry for their own use. They weave cloth, too and theirr cloth is very famous for being unique, strong, colourful.
The Kinh are also known as the Vietnamese, and Son La is the second largest group, accounting for 18% of the province's population. Population is concentrated in urban areas. Kinh language in Vietnamese - Muong language. Apart from the part of ethnic minorities residing in Son La area, many people have just moved from the North and North Central Plains. Especially since listening to the call of the Party to build mountainous economic development, Kinh people from the delta provinces to Son La; The family of Dien Bien Phu campaign soldiers stayed in the mountainous region. At present, some areas in the province of Kinh ethnic minorities include Kinh people in Hai Duong, Hung Yen and Thai Binh provinces in Song Ma and Yen Chau districts; Thai Binh province in Thuan Chau, Ha Tay province in Mai Son and so on.Kinh people living in Son La are interspersed with ethnic minority people. They quickly integrate in production, cultural exchange and solidarity to create cohesion and development in Son land. Leaves. The Kinh are also called Vietnamese. The Kinh language belongs to the Viet-Muong language group. Kinh people do farming. In the wet rice cultivation, the Kinh people have traditionally built dikes, ditches. Horticulture, mulberry growing, livestock and poultry husbandry, river fishing and marine fish development. Pottery is very early. Kinh people have habits betel betel, drinking tea, water. In addition to fried rice, sticky rice, also porridge, sticky rice. Shrimp sauce, duck eggs flipped is a unique dish of the Kinh.The Kinh village is often surrounded by bamboo, and there is a strong village gate in many places. Each village has a communal meeting place and worship. Kinh people live in the land. In the Kinh family, the husband (the father) is the owner. Children take their father and father's relatives as "family", while mother is "grandfather". The first son was responsible for organizing the worship of his parents, grandparents. Each of them has their own church, with their heads in charge of their work. Monogamy marriage The wedding is going through many rituals, the boy asked his wife and married his wife. After the wedding, the bride returns home. The men respect virginity, virtue of the bride, and pay attention to their background.The ancestor worshipers of the Kinh. The deceased are sacrificed by their descendants every year on the day they die. Their graves are regularly visited by relatives and carers. Every year the farmer has a series of festivals and festivals associated with farmer beliefs. In addition, Buddhism, Taoism, Taoism, Catholicism from the outside came into being received at different levels. The literary capital of the Kinh is quite large: oral literature (stories, folk songs, proverbs), literary literature (poetry, literature, books). Early and advanced art in many respects: singing, music, sculpture, painting, dancing, singing. The annual village festival is one of the most exciting and lively events in the countryside