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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects – an estimated 90 percent of the world’s species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an excellent group for communicating information on science and conservation issues such as diversity.

Perhaps the aspect of butterfly diversity that has received the most attention over the past century is the striking difference in species richness between tropical and temperate regions.

For example, in 1875 one biologist pointed out the diversity of butterflies in the Amazon when he mentioned that about 700 species were found within an hour’s walk, whereas the total number found on the British islands did not exceed 66, and the whole of Europe supported only 321. This early comparison of tropical and temperate butterfly richness has been well confirmed.

A general theory of diversity would have to predict not only this difference between temperate and tropical zones, but also patterns within each region, and how these patterns very among different animal and plant groups. However, for butterflies, variation of species richness within temperate or tropical regions, rather than between them, is poorly understood. Indeed, comparisons of numbers of species among the Amazon basin, tropical Asia, and Africa are still mostly “personal communication” citations, even for vertebrates. In other words, unlike comparison between temperate and tropical areas, these patterns are still in the documentation phase.

In documenting geographical variation in butterfly diversity, some arbitrary, practical decisions are made. Diversity, number of species, and species richness are used synonymously; little is known about the evenness of butterfly distribution. The New World butterflies make up the preponderance of example because they are the most familiar species. It is hoped that by focusing on them, the errors generated by imperfect and incomplete taxonomy will be minimized.

The word “they” in paragraph 1 refer to _______.

A. insects

B. butterflies

C. patterns

D. issues

1
10 tháng 4 2018

Đáp án B.

Clue: Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an excellent group for communicating information…

Từ “they” ở đây sẽ liên quan đến danh từ được nhắc đến trước đó. Dựa vào nghĩa của 2 câu trên ta thấy đáp án đúng là B. butterflies.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects – an estimated 90 percent of the world’s species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects – an estimated 90 percent of the world’s species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an excellent group for communicating information on science and conservation issues such as diversity.

Perhaps the aspect of butterfly diversity that has received the most attention over the past century is the striking difference in species richness between tropical and temperate regions.

For example, in 1875 one biologist pointed out the diversity of butterflies in the Amazon when he mentioned that about 700 species were found within an hour’s walk, whereas the total number found on the British islands did not exceed 66, and the whole of Europe supported only 321. This early comparison of tropical and temperate butterfly richness has been well confirmed.

A general theory of diversity would have to predict not only this difference between temperate and tropical zones, but also patterns within each region, and how these patterns very among different animal and plant groups. However, for butterflies, variation of species richness within temperate or tropical regions, rather than between them, is poorly understood. Indeed, comparisons of numbers of species among the Amazon basin, tropical Asia, and Africa are still mostly “personal communication” citations, even for vertebrates. In other words, unlike comparison between temperate and tropical areas, these patterns are still in the documentation phase.

In documenting geographical variation in butterfly diversity, some arbitrary, practical decisions are made. Diversity, number of species, and species richness are used synonymously; little is known about the evenness of butterfly distribution. The New World butterflies make up the preponderance of example because they are the most familiar species. It is hoped that by focusing on them, the errors generated by imperfect and incomplete taxonomy will be minimized.

Butterflies are a good example for communicating information about conversation issues because they _______.

A. are simple in structure

B. have been given scientific names

C. are viewed positively by people

D. are found mainly in temperate climates

1
7 tháng 5 2019

Đáp án C.

Key words: communicating information, conversation, issues.

Clue: “Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public”: Loài bướm cũng giữ một hình ảnh tốt đẹp trong mắt con người.

- to have a favoralbe image = to be viewed positively: là hình ảnh đẹp, được ưa thích.

Chọn đáp án C. are viewed positively by people.

Các đáp án khác không phù hợp:

A. are simple in structure: đơn giản trong cấu trúc.

B. have been given scientific names: được đặt cho những cái tên khoa học

D. are found mainly in temperate climates: được tìm thấy phần lớn ở khí hậu ôn đới

MEMORIZE

- favorable / ˈfeɪvərəbl / (adj): được ưa thích

- favour (n): thiện ý, sự quý mến

- to win sb’s favour: được ai quý mến

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects – an estimated 90 percent of the world’s species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects – an estimated 90 percent of the world’s species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an excellent group for communicating information on science and conservation issues such as diversity.

Perhaps the aspect of butterfly diversity that has received the most attention over the past century is the striking difference in species richness between tropical and temperate regions.

For example, in 1875 one biologist pointed out the diversity of butterflies in the Amazon when he mentioned that about 700 species were found within an hour’s walk, whereas the total number found on the British islands did not exceed 66, and the whole of Europe supported only 321. This early comparison of tropical and temperate butterfly richness has been well confirmed.

A general theory of diversity would have to predict not only this difference between temperate and tropical zones, but also patterns within each region, and how these patterns very among different animal and plant groups. However, for butterflies, variation of species richness within temperate or tropical regions, rather than between them, is poorly understood. Indeed, comparisons of numbers of species among the Amazon basin, tropical Asia, and Africa are still mostly “personal communication” citations, even for vertebrates. In other words, unlike comparison between temperate and tropical areas, these patterns are still in the documentation phase.

In documenting geographical variation in butterfly diversity, some arbitrary, practical decisions are made. Diversity, number of species, and species richness are used synonymously; little is known about the evenness of butterfly distribution. The New World butterflies make up the preponderance of example because they are the most familiar species. It is hoped that by focusing on them, the errors generated by imperfect and incomplete taxonomy will be minimized.

All of the following are mentioned as being important parts of a general theory of diversity EXCEPT _______.

A. differences between temperate and tropical zones

B. patterns of distribution of species in each region

C. migration among temperate and tropical zones

D. variation of patterns of distribution of species among different animals and plants

1
11 tháng 3 2017

Đáp án C.

Key words: important parts, general theory, EXCEPT.

Clue: “A general theory of diversity would have to predict not only this difference between temperate and tropical zones, but also patterns within each region, and how these patterns vary among different animal and plant groups”: Một lý thuyết tổng quát về sự đa dạng đã phải dự đoán được không chỉ sự khác biệt giữa các khu vực ôn đới và nhiệt đới mà còn các kiểu mẫu theo từng vùng và sự biến đổi của những kiểu mầu giữa các nhóm động thực vật khác nhau.

Cấu trúc “not only… but also…” (không những … mà còn…) đã đưa ra ba phần quan trọng của lý thuyết này. Trong đó không đề cập đến “migration among temperate and tropical zones”: sự di cư giữa các vùng ôn đới và nhiệt đới. Vậy đáp án C là phù hợp nhất.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects - an estimated 90 percent of the world's species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an excellent...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects - an estimated 90 percent of the world's species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an excellent group for communicating information on science and conservation issues such as diversity.

Perhaps the aspect of butterfly diversity that has received the most attention over the past century is the striking difference in species richness between tropical and temperate regions.

For example, in 1875 one biologist pointed out the diversity of butterflies in the Amazon when he mentioned that about 700 species were found within an hour's walk, whereas the total number found on the British islands did not exceed 66, and the whole of Europe supported only 321. This early comparison of tropical and temperate butterfly richness has been well confirmed.

A general theory of diversity would have to predict not only this difference between temperate and tropical zones, but also patterns within each region, and how these patterns vary among different animal and plant groups. However, for butterflies, variation of species richness within temperate or tropical regions, rather man between them, is poorly understood. Indeed, comparisons of numbers of species among the Amazon basin, tropical Asia, and Africa are still mostly "personal communication" citations, even for vertebrates, In other words, unlike comparison between temperate and tropical areas, these patterns are still in the documentation phase.

In documenting geographical variation in butterfly diversity, some arbitrary, practical decisions are made. Diversity, number of species, and species richness are used synonymously; little is known about the evenness of butterfly distribution. The New World butterflies make up the preponderance of examples because they are the most familiar species. It is hoped that by focusing on them, the errors generated by imperfect and incomplete taxonomy will be minimized.

Butterflies are a good example for communicating information about conservation issues because they ______.

A. are simple in structure

B. have been given scientific names

C. are viewed positively by people

D. are found mainly in temperate climates

1
1 tháng 9 2019

Đáp án C.

Keywords: communicating information, conversation, issues.

Clue: “Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public”: Loài bướm cũng giữ một hình ảnh tốt đẹp trong mắt con người.

- to have a favorable image = to be viewed positively: là hình ảnh đẹp, được ưa thích.

Chọn đáp án C. are viewed positively by people.

Các đáp án khác không phù hợp:

A. are simple in structure: đơn giản trong cấu trúc.

B. have been given scientific names: được đặt cho những cái tên khoa học.

D. are found mainly in temperate climates: được tìm thấy phần lớn ở khí hậu ôn đới.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects – an estimated 90 percent of the world’s species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects – an estimated 90 percent of the world’s species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an excellent group for communicating information on science and conservation issues such as diversity.

Perhaps the aspect of butterfly diversity that has received the most attention over the past century is the striking difference in species richness between tropical and temperate regions.

For example, in 1875 one biologist pointed out the diversity of butterflies in the Amazon when he mentioned that about 700 species were found within an hour’s walk, whereas the total number found on the British islands did not exceed 66, and the whole of Europe supported only 321. This early comparison of tropical and temperate butterfly richness has been well confirmed.

A general theory of diversity would have to predict not only this difference between temperate and tropical zones, but also patterns within each region, and how these patterns very among different animal and plant groups. However, for butterflies, variation of species richness within temperate or tropical regions, rather than between them, is poorly understood. Indeed, comparisons of numbers of species among the Amazon basin, tropical Asia, and Africa are still mostly “personal communication” citations, even for vertebrates. In other words, unlike comparison between temperate and tropical areas, these patterns are still in the documentation phase.

In documenting geographical variation in butterfly diversity, some arbitrary, practical decisions are made. Diversity, number of species, and species richness are used synonymously; little is known about the evenness of butterfly distribution. The New World butterflies make up the preponderance of example because they are the most familiar species. It is hoped that by focusing on them, the errors generated by imperfect and incomplete taxonomy will be minimized.

The idea “little is known about the evenness of butterfly distribution” in paragraph 5 is that _______.

A. there are many other things that we don’t know about butterfly evenness distribution

B. we don’t know anything about butterfy evenness distribution

C. we know much about butterfly evenness distribution

D. we know about butterfly evenness distribution to some extent

1
29 tháng 4 2019

Đáp án A.

Clue: “Little is known about the evenness of butterfly distribution”.

- evenness (n): sự đều nhau

Dịch cả câu: Không có nhiều thông tin về sự phân bố đồng đều của bướm.

Đáp án là A. There are many other things that we don’t know about butterfly evenness distribution: Có nhiều điều chúng ta không biết về sự phân bố đồng đều của bướm – Trùng với Clue.

Các đáp án khác sai:

B. We don’t know anything about butterfly evenness distribution: Chúng ta không biết gì về sự phân bố đồng đều của bướm.

C. We know much about butterfly evenness distribution: Chúng ta biết nhiều về sự phân bố đồng đều của bướm.

D. We know about butterfly evenness distribution to some extent: Chúng ta biết về sự phân bố đồng đều của bướm ở một cấp độ nào đó.

MEMORIZE

- little (adj): ít, một chút.

Khi little đứng đầu câu thì chúng ta phải sử dụng cấu trúc đảo ngữ.

Little + trợ ĐT + S + V…

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects – an estimated 90 percent of the world’s species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects – an estimated 90 percent of the world’s species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an excellent group for communicating information on science and conservation issues such as diversity.

Perhaps the aspect of butterfly diversity that has received the most attention over the past century is the striking difference in species richness between tropical and temperate regions.

For example, in 1875 one biologist pointed out the diversity of butterflies in the Amazon when he mentioned that about 700 species were found within an hour’s walk, whereas the total number found on the British islands did not exceed 66, and the whole of Europe supported only 321. This early comparison of tropical and temperate butterfly richness has been well confirmed.

A general theory of diversity would have to predict not only this difference between temperate and tropical zones, but also patterns within each region, and how these patterns very among different animal and plant groups. However, for butterflies, variation of species richness within temperate or tropical regions, rather than between them, is poorly understood. Indeed, comparisons of numbers of species among the Amazon basin, tropical Asia, and Africa are still mostly “personal communication” citations, even for vertebrates. In other words, unlike comparison between temperate and tropical areas, these patterns are still in the documentation phase.

In documenting geographical variation in butterfly diversity, some arbitrary, practical decisions are made. Diversity, number of species, and species richness are used synonymously; little is known about the evenness of butterfly distribution. The New World butterflies make up the preponderance of example because they are the most familiar species. It is hoped that by focusing on them, the errors generated by imperfect and incomplete taxonomy will be minimized.

Which aspect of butterflies does the passage mainly discuss?

A. Their physical characteristics

B. Their adaptation to different habitats

C. Their names

D. Their variety

1
8 tháng 5 2019

Đáp án D.

Câu này hỏi khía cạnh nào của loài bướm là ý chính của bài khóa. Thường khi hỏi mainly discuss thì câu trả lời thường nằm ngay ở đoạn đầu hoặc đoạn cuối bài. Trong bài này, đáp án ở đoạn đầu.

Clue: Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects – an estimated 90 percent of the world’s species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution… Hence, they are an excellent group for communicating information on science and conservation issues such as diversity.

Đáp án đúng là D. their variety: sự đa dạng của chúng

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects – an estimated 90 percent of the world’s species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects – an estimated 90 percent of the world’s species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an excellent group for communicating information on science and conservation issues such as diversity.

Perhaps the aspect of butterfly diversity that has received the most attention over the past century is the striking difference in species richness between tropical and temperate regions.

For example, in 1875 one biologist pointed out the diversity of butterflies in the Amazon when he mentioned that about 700 species were found within an hour’s walk, whereas the total number found on the British islands did not exceed 66, and the whole of Europe supported only 321. This early comparison of tropical and temperate butterfly richness has been well confirmed.

A general theory of diversity would have to predict not only this difference between temperate and tropical zones, but also patterns within each region, and how these patterns very among different animal and plant groups. However, for butterflies, variation of species richness within temperate or tropical regions, rather than between them, is poorly understood. Indeed, comparisons of numbers of species among the Amazon basin, tropical Asia, and Africa are still mostly “personal communication” citations, even for vertebrates. In other words, unlike comparison between temperate and tropical areas, these patterns are still in the documentation phase.

In documenting geographical variation in butterfly diversity, some arbitrary, practical decisions are made. Diversity, number of species, and species richness are used synonymously; little is known about the evenness of butterfly distribution. The New World butterflies make up the preponderance of example because they are the most familiar species. It is hoped that by focusing on them, the errors generated by imperfect and incomplete taxonomy will be minimized.

The word “exceed” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _______.

A. locate

B. allow

C. go beyond

D. come close to

1
18 tháng 1 2017

Đáp án C.

Key words: exceed.

Clue: Ta tìm câu có chứa từ vựng này: “… in 1875 one biologist pointed out the diversity of butterflies in the Amazon when he mentioned that about 700 species were found within an hour’s walk, whereas the total number found on the British islands did not exceed 66…”: … vào năm 1875, một nhà sinh vật học đã chỉ ra sự đa dạng của loài bướm ở Amazon khi ông này nói rằng có khoảng 700 loài bướm được tìm thấy chỉ trong 1 tiếng đi dạo, trong khi đó tổng số tìm được trên quần đảo của Anh không vượt quá 66…

Vế chứa từ “exceed” đối lập với vế trong câu trên. Vế trước nhấn mạnh đến con số rất lớn (700), dùng liên từ “whereas” thể hiện sự đối nghịch nên ta có thể đoán được “exceed” là vượt quá.

Phân tích:

A. locate: định vị

B. allow: cho phép

C. go beyond: vượt lên

D. come close to: đến gần

Vậy đáp án chính xác là C.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects – an estimated 90 percent of the world’s species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects – an estimated 90 percent of the world’s species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an excellent group for communicating information on science and conservation issues such as diversity.

Perhaps the aspect of butterfly diversity that has received the most attention over the past century is the striking difference in species richness between tropical and temperate regions.

For example, in 1875 one biologist pointed out the diversity of butterflies in the Amazon when he mentioned that about 700 species were found within an hour’s walk, whereas the total number found on the British islands did not exceed 66, and the whole of Europe supported only 321. This early comparison of tropical and temperate butterfly richness has been well confirmed.

A general theory of diversity would have to predict not only this difference between temperate and tropical zones, but also patterns within each region, and how these patterns very among different animal and plant groups. However, for butterflies, variation of species richness within temperate or tropical regions, rather than between them, is poorly understood. Indeed, comparisons of numbers of species among the Amazon basin, tropical Asia, and Africa are still mostly “personal communication” citations, even for vertebrates. In other words, unlike comparison between temperate and tropical areas, these patterns are still in the documentation phase.

In documenting geographical variation in butterfly diversity, some arbitrary, practical decisions are made. Diversity, number of species, and species richness are used synonymously; little is known about the evenness of butterfly distribution. The New World butterflies make up the preponderance of example because they are the most familiar species. It is hoped that by focusing on them, the errors generated by imperfect and incomplete taxonomy will be minimized.

The word “striking” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _______.

A. physical

B. confusing

C. noticeable

D. successful

1
8 tháng 2 2017

Đáp án C.

Key words: striking.

Clue: Ta tìm câu có chứa từ vựng này: “… the striking difference in species richness between tropical and temperate regions”: … sự khác biệt nổi bật/ đáng chú ý trong sự phong phú các loài giữa vùng nhiệt đới và ôn đới”.

Phân tích:

A. physical: vật lý

B. confusing: khó hiểu

C. noticeable: đáng chú ý

D. successful: thành công

Chọn đáp án C vì striking gần nghĩa nhất với noticeable

Read the followingpassage carefully and then choose the best answer to each question.Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects - an estimated 90 percent of the world's species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an excellent group for communicating information on science and...
Đọc tiếp

Read the followingpassage carefully and then choose the best answer to each question.

Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects - an estimated 90 percent of the world's species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an excellent group for communicating information on science and conservation issues such as diversity.

Perhaps the aspect of butterfly diversity that has received the most attention over the past century is the striking difference in species richness between tropical and temperate regions.

For example, in 1875 one biologist pointed out the diversity of butterflies in the Amazon when he mentioned that about 700 species were found within an hour's walk, whereas the total number found on the British islands did not exceed 66, and the whole of Europe supported only 321. This early comparison of tropical and temperate butterfly richness has been well confirmed.

A general theory of diversity would have to predict not only this difference between temperate and tropical zones, but also patterns within each region, and how these patterns vary among different animal and plant groups. However, for butterflies, variation of species richness within temperate or tropical regions, rather man between them, is poorly understood. Indeed, comparisons of numbers of species among the Amazon basin, tropical Asia, and Africa are still mostly "personal communication" citations, even for vertebrates, In other words, unlike comparison between temperate and tropical areas, these patterns are still in the documentation phase.

In documenting geographical variation in butterfly diversity, some arbitrary, practical decisions are made. Diversity, number of species, and species richness are used synonymously; little is known about the evenness of butterfly distribution. The New World butterflies make up the preponderance of examples because they are the most familiar species. It is hoped that by focusing on them, the errors generated by imperfect and incomplete taxonomy will be minimized.

Which aspect of butterflies does the passage mainly discuss?

A. Their adaptation to different habitats

B. Their names 

C.Their physical characteristics

D. Their variety

1
26 tháng 6 2019

 Đáp án là A. say + that + clause: nói rằng…

Các từ còn lại: tell someone something/ to do something: nói với ai cái gì/ bảo ai làm gì Object ( + to ): phản đối ; promise to do something: hứa làm gì

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects – an estimated 90 percent of the world’s species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects – an estimated 90 percent of the world’s species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are perhaps the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an excellent group for communicating information on science and conservation issues such as diversity.

Perhaps the aspect of butterfly diversity that has received the most attention over the past century is the striking difference in species richness between tropical and temperate regions.

For example, in 1875 one biologist pointed out the diversity of butterflies in the Amazon when he mentioned that about 700 species were found within an hour’s walk, whereas the total number found on the British islands did not exceed 66, and the whole of Europe supported only 321. This early comparison of tropical and temperate butterfly richness has been well confirmed.

A general theory of diversity would have to predict not only this difference between temperate and tropical zones, but also patterns within each region, and how these patterns very among different animal and plant groups. However, for butterflies, variation of species richness within temperate or tropical regions, rather than between them, is poorly understood. Indeed, comparisons of numbers of species among the Amazon basin, tropical Asia, and Africa are still mostly “personal communication” citations, even for vertebrates. In other words, unlike comparison between temperate and tropical areas, these patterns are still in the documentation phase.

In documenting geographical variation in butterfly diversity, some arbitrary, practical decisions are made. Diversity, number of species, and species richness are used synonymously; little is known about the evenness of butterfly distribution. The New World butterflies make up the preponderance of example because they are the most familiar species. It is hoped that by focusing on them, the errors generated by imperfect and incomplete taxonomy will be minimized.

Which of the following is NOT well understood by biologists?

A. European butterfly habitats

B. Differences in species richness between temperate and tropical regions

C. Differences in species richness within a temperate or a tropical region

D. Comparisons of behavior patterns of butterflies and certain animal groups

1
29 tháng 5 2019

Đáp án C.

Key words: NOT, understood, biologists.

Clue: Not well understood = poorly understood: hiểu không rõ.

1. “… the diversity of butterflies in the Amazon… about 700 species were found within an hour’s walk, whereas the total number found on the British islands did not exceed 66, and the whole of Europe supported only 321. This early comparison of tropical and temperate butterfly richness has been well confirmed”: … sự đa dạng của loài bướm ở Amazon… có khoảng 700 loài bướm được tìm thấy chỉ trong 1 tiếng đi dạo, trong khi đó tổng số tìm được trên quần đảo của Anh không vượt quá 66 và toàn bộ châu Âu chỉ là 321 loài. Sự so sánh ban đầu về sự phong phú của loài bướm nhiệt đới và ôn đới đã được khẳng định rõ.

2. “However, for butterflies, variation of species richness within temperate or tropical regions, rather than between them, is poorly understood”: Tuy nhiên, với loài bướm, sự biến đổi mức độ phong phú của loài trong vùng ôn đới và nhiệt đới chứ không phải là giữa các loài, thì không được hiểu rõ.

3. “A general theory of diversity would have to predict… how these patterns vary among different animal and plant groups”: Một lý thuyết tổng quát về sự đa dạng đã phải dự đoán được … những kiểu mẫu này biến đổi như thế nào giữa các nhóm động thực vật khác nhau.

Phân tích:

A. European butterfly habitats: Môi trường sống của loài bướm châu Âu – Sai vì theo Clue số 1, sự phong phú của loài bướm châu Âu ở các môi trường sống của chúng như vùng nhiệt đới và ôn đới đã được khẳng định rõ → các nhà khoa học hiểu rõ về môi trường sống của chúng.

B. Differences in species richness between temperate and tropical regions: Sự khác biệt của độ phong phú của loài giữa các vùng ôn đới và nhiệt đới. – Sai, trùng với phân tích ở Clue số 2. Các nhà khoa học hiểu rõ về sự đa dạng loài giữa các vùng này.

C. Differences in species richness within a temperate or a tropical regionĐúng. Xem clue số 2. “… variation of species richness within temperate or  tropical regions, …, is poorly understood” → đây chính là điều mà các nhà sinh vật học chưa thể hiểu rõ được.

D. Comparisons of behavior patterns of butterflies and certain animal groups: So sánh giữa hành vi của loài bướm với các nhóm động vật nhất định – Sai vì theo Clue số 3, có hẳn một lý thuyết về vấn đề này nên các nhà khoa học không thể hiểu biết ít về vấn đề này được.

Vậy đáp án chính xác là đáp án C.

EXTRA

Một số từ khóa trong bài:

- temperate region

/ ˈtempərət ˈriːdʒən /: vùng ôn đới

- arbitrary decision

/ ˈɑːbɪtrəri dɪˈsɪʒn /: quyết định tùy hứng