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Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passages. Use only ONE word for each space Many people dream of (1)..... in a foreign country. It can be an amazing experience (2)....... those who have the courage to leave their family and friends and settle down in a new place. (3)......., there's one potential problem you should be aware of: culture shock. Culture shock is the feeling we get from living in a place that is so different to where we grew up that we are not sure (4)....... to...
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Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passages. Use only ONE word for each space

Many people dream of (1)..... in a foreign country. It can be an amazing experience (2)....... those who have the courage to leave their family and friends and settle down in a new place. (3)......., there's one potential problem you should be aware of: culture shock. Culture shock is the feeling we get from living in a place that is so different to where we grew up that we are not sure (4)....... to deal with it. Societies are organized in many different ways, and we can often (5)...... taken aback by some of the things we find in foreign countries. Customs and traditions can be very different and that can sometimes make (6)...... difficult to get on with local people and to make friends. They migt not approve of things you do or might object to things you say. You might even be banned from doing things in another country that are perfectly legal in your own. (7)...... you were to move to a country such as Singapore, say, you might find some of the laws very (8)..... There, people can be forced to pay a large fine just for dropping litter. Eventually, (9)....., most people who live abroad fall in love with their adopted country and learn to accept its differences. It does take real courage to make such a big change (10)..... your life, but many people agree that it is worth it in the end

1
2 tháng 6 2019

Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passages. Use only ONE word for each space

Many people dream of (1)..living... in a foreign country. It can be an amazing experience (2)...for.... those who have the courage to leave their family and friends and settle down in a new place. (3)....however..., there's one potential problem you should be aware of: culture shock. Culture shock is the feeling we get from living in a place that is so different to where we grew up that we are not sure (4)...how.... to deal with it. Societies are organized in many different ways, and we can often (5)...be... taken aback by some of the things we find in foreign countries. Customs and traditions can be very different and that can sometimes make (6).it..... difficult to get on with local people and to make friends. They migt not approve of things you do or might object to things you say. You might even be banned from doing things in another country that are perfectly legal in your own. (7)...if... you were to move to a country such as Singapore, say, you might find some of the laws very (8)...quickly.. There, people can be forced to pay a large fine just for dropping litter. Eventually, (9)..though..., most people who live abroad fall in love with their adopted country and learn to accept its differences. It does take real courage to make such a big change (10)...in.. your life, but many people agree that it is worth it in the end

1 Americans spent more than $15 billion_____jeans______2005 a.on-in b.in-since c.at-in d.for-in 2. Both children are good______maths. d. on a. in c.at b. for 3.I_____this word up in the dictionary but I 'still don't understand it. a. took c. brought b. looked d.got 4. We are going to stay here until you ________your work. a. will finish d. have finished b. are finishing c. finished 5. Vietnamese woman today often prefer to wear modern clothing at work_______ it is more convenient. a....
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1 Americans spent more than $15 billion_____jeans______2005

a.on-in b.in-since c.at-in d.for-in

2. Both children are good______maths.

d. on a. in c.at b. for

3.I_____this word up in the dictionary but I 'still don't understand it.

a. took c. brought b. looked d.got

4. We are going to stay here until you ________your work.

a. will finish d. have finished b. are finishing c. finished

5. Vietnamese woman today often prefer to wear modern clothing at work_______ it is more convenient.

a. although b. however c. because b. however

6. The teacher will not punish him_______he keeps on making noise.

c. whether a. unless d. when b.if

7. Will man_______live forever one day?

a. can b. may c. could d. be able to

8. True friendship should_______on understading each other.

a. basc b. to base c. basing d. be based

9. The dentist told me ______more careful when brushing my teeth.

a. be b. being c. to be d. have been

10. "How do you do?" "______"

a. Fine, thanks. b. How do you do? c. It's OK. d. So so.

II. Give correct form of the word.

11. Blue jeans might be the popular_______pants worldwide. (fashion)

12. A trip to the country sounds__________(wonder)

13. She tasted the spaghetti sauce ________ because it was very hot, (care)

14. His ability of learning languages was ______ (impress)

III, Give correct form or tense of the verb

15. Paper money (use) ______ for over a thousand years.

16. Fred has no difficulty (make) ________friends with other students.

17. My brother likes music a lot. He always (listen)__________ to music while he (drive) __________

18. My uncle (buy)_________a new house recontly

19. You should practice (listen)________to English News on TV

IV. Choose the underlined word or phrase that needs correcting.

20. There were not much people so we didn't have to queue for tickets.

21. did people used to get their news from the newspaper or the radio?

22. Jane has left school since a year but she has not found a job yet.

23. Listening, to music makes me feel relaxing.

V. Choose the one option that best completes the passage.

The Internet has (24)_______ developed and become part of our everyday life.It is a very fast and convenient way to (25)_________ information. People use the Internet for many (26)__________education, communication on, communication, entertainment and com-merce . The Internet helps people communicate with(27)______by mens of e- mail or chatting. (28)________the Internet has limitations. It is not only time-(29) ________and costly but also dangerous (30)_____ viruses and bad programs. So while enjoying (31)______be alert

24. a. increase b. increase c. increasing d. increasingly

25. a. make c. store b. get d.give

26. a. purposes b. benefits c. responses d.programs

27. a. other b. another c. In addition d. Moreover

28. a. However b. Therefore c. In addition d. Moreover

29. a. consume b. consumed C. consumer d. consuming

30. a. because b. because of c. despite d. though

31. a. surf b. to surf c. surfing d. go surfing

VI. Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answers.

There are several features of spoken English that make it difficult for me to understand. First, many words are not pronounced as they are spelled, so when I learn new words through reading, I sometimes don't understand them they are spoken. Second, native speakers contract words and phrases. "What are you doing?" becomes "Whatcha doin"?" In my opinion, people should write clearly. Third, native speakers have a wide range of accents. A British accent is very different from a Texas one. Fourth, thère are lots of idioms and slang expression. These expressions also differ depending on the area a speaker is from. Finally, there are sounds that don't exist in my language that do exist in English and vice versa. These sounds are difficult for me to distinguish.

32. the writter finds it_________to understand spoken English:

b. interesting c. difficult d. a. easy d. usedful

33. The writer sometimes doesn't understand new words when they are spoken because of_______

a. their pronunciation c. their expression b. their spelling. d. their meaning

34. Native speakers_________

a. have the same accent b. have a wide range of accents c. speak English with a strong accent d. speak heavily accented English

35. Idiom and slang expressions are___________

a. different from area to area c. dependent on the speakers b. not difficult to learn d. widely used in English

36. The writer finds it hard to distinguish_________

a. vowel sounds b. familiar sounds c. soft sounds d. strange sounds

VIl. Rewrite the sentences.

37. Please put the box here," Anne said to Peter.

___________

39. I was caught in a traffic jam, so I got to the meeting twenty minutes late

___________

40. It's a shame that he can't pass the final exam

__________

38. Do you know how to use a computer?

_________

2
22 tháng 9 2018

1 Americans spent more than $15 billion_____jeans______2005

a.on-in b.in-since c.at-in d.for-in

2. Both children are good______maths.

d. on a. in c.at b. for

3.I_____this word up in the dictionary but I 'still don't understand it.

a. took c. brought b. looked d.got

4. We are going to stay here until you ________your work.

a. will finish d. have finished b. are finishing c. finished

5. Vietnamese woman today often prefer to wear modern clothing at work_______ it is more convenient.

a. although b. however c. because b. however

6. The teacher will not punish him_______he keeps on making noise.

c. whether a. unless d. when b.if

7. Will man_______live forever one day?

a. can b. may c. could d. be able to

8. True friendship should_______on understading each other.

a. basc b. to base c. basing d. be based

9. The dentist told me ______more careful when brushing my teeth.

a. be b. being c. to be d. have been

10. "How do you do?" "______"

a. Fine, thanks. b. How do you do? c. It's OK. d. So so

22 tháng 9 2018

1 Americans spent more than $15 billion_____jeans______2005

a.on-in b.in-since c.at-in d.for-in

2. Both children are good______maths.

d. on a. in c.at b. for

3.I_____this word up in the dictionary but I 'still don't understand it.

a. took c. brought b. looked d.got

4. We are going to stay here until you ________your work.

a. will finish d. have finished b. are finishing c. finished

5. Vietnamese woman today often prefer to wear modern clothing at work_______ it is more convenient.

a. although b. however c. because b. however

6. The teacher will not punish him_______he keeps on making noise.

c. whether a. unless d. when b.if

7. Will man_______live forever one day?

a. can b. may c. could d. be able to

8. True friendship should_______on understading each other.

a. basc b. to base c. basing d. be based

9. The dentist told me ______more careful when brushing my teeth.

a. be b. being c. to be d. have been

10. "How do you do?" "______"

a. Fine, thanks. b. How do you do? c. It's OK. d. So so.

II. Give correct form of the word.

11. Blue jeans might be the popular__fashionable__pants worldwide. (fashion)

12. A trip to the country sounds__wonderful__(wonder)

13. She tasted the spaghetti sauce __carefully__ because it was very hot, (care)

14. His ability of learning languages was __impressive_ (impress)

III, Give correct form or tense of the verb

15. Paper money (use) __has been used_ for over a thousand years.

16. Fred has no difficulty (make) __making__friends with other students.

17. My brother likes music a lot. He always (listen)___are-listening__ to music while he (drive) __is driving_

18. My uncle (buy)__has bought__a new house recontly

19. You should practice (listen)__listening__to English News on TV

IV. Choose the underlined word or phrase that needs correcting.

20. There were not much=> many people so we didn't have to queue for tickets.

21. did people used=> use to get their news from the newspaper or the radio?

22. Jane has left school since=> for a year but she has not found a job yet.

23. Listening to music makes me feel relaxing=> relax.

V. Choose the one option that best completes the passage.

The Internet has (24)_______ developed and become part of our everyday life.It is a very fast and convenient way to (25)_________ information. People use the Internet for many (26)__________education, communication on, communication, entertainment and com-merce . The Internet helps people communicate with(27)______by mens of e- mail or chatting. (28)________the Internet has limitations. It is not only time-(29) ________and costly but also dangerous (30)_____ viruses and bad programs. So while enjoying (31)______be alert

24. a. increase b. increase c. increasing d. increasingly

25. a. make c. store b. get d.give

26. a. purposes b. benefits c. responses d.programs

27. a. others b. another c. In addition d. Moreover

28. a. However b. Therefore c. In addition d. Moreover

29. a. consume b. consumed C. consumer d. consuming

30. a. because b. because of c. despite d. though

31. a. surf b. to surf c. surfing d. go surfing

Điền vào chỗ trống: One good reason for people to learn a foreign language is work. If you work involves regular contact with _________ of foreign languages, being able to talk to them in their own languages will help you to communicate with them. It many also help you to make sales and to negotiate and secure contracts. Knowledge of foreign languages may also increase your chances of _______ a new job, getting a promotion or a transfer overseas, or of going on foreign business...
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Điền vào chỗ trống:

One good reason for people to learn a foreign language is work. If you work involves regular contact with _________ of foreign languages, being able to talk to them in their own languages will help you to communicate with them. It many also help you to make sales and to negotiate and secure contracts. Knowledge of foreign languages may also increase your chances of _______ a new job, getting a promotion or a transfer overseas, or of going on foreign business _________ .

Many English-speaking business people don't bother to learn other languages because they believe ________ most of the people they do business with in foreign countries can speak English, and if they don't speak English, interpreters can help. The ________ of foreign languages knowledge puts the English speakers at a disadvantage. In meetings, for example, the people on the other side can discuss things among themselves in their own languages without the English speakers understanding, and using interpreters slows everything down. In any socialising after the meetings, the locals will probably feel more comefortable using their own language rather than English.

1
23 tháng 5 2019

Điền vào chỗ trống:

One good reason for people to learn a foreign language is work. If you work involves regular contact with ____speakers_____ of foreign languages, being able to talk to them in their own languages will help you to communicate with them. It many also help you to make sales and to negotiate and secure contracts. Knowledge of foreign languages may also increase your chances of __finding_____ a new job, getting a promotion or a transfer overseas, or of going on foreign business __trips_______ .

Many English-speaking business people don't bother to learn other languages because they believe ____that____ most of the people they do business with in foreign countries can speak English, and if they don't speak English, interpreters can help. The ____lack____ of foreign languages knowledge puts the English speakers at a disadvantage. In meetings, for example, the people on the other side can discuss things among themselves in their own languages without the English speakers understanding, and using interpreters slows everything down. In any socialising after the meetings, the locals will probably feel more comefortable using their own language rather than English.

A gesture is an action that sends a message from one person to another (23)___________ using words. We use gestures to communicate with others. There are some gestures that have completely different meaning depending on when and (24) ________ they are used. When an American wants(25) ___________ that something is OK or good, he raises his hand and make a circle with his thumb and forefinger. The circle sign has onlyone meaning for him. He might be (26) _______ to learn that in other countries...
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A gesture is an action that sends a message from one person to another (23)___________ using words. We use gestures to communicate with others. There are some gestures that have completely different meaning depending on when and (24) ________ they are used. When an American wants(25) ___________ that something is OK or good, he raises his hand and make a circle with his thumb and forefinger. The circle sign has onlyone meaning for him. He might be (26) _______ to learn that in other countries it can mean something very different. ( 27)______________ Japan, for instance, it is the gesture (28) __________ money. In France it “zero” or “worthless”. Such differences can lead to all kinds of misunderstanding when foreigners meet. But why is it that the same gesture has so many different meanings?

23/ A. with B. without C. don’t D. not

24/ A. place B. time C. where D. way

25/ A. show B. to show C. shown D. showing

26/ A. surprise B. surprising C. surprisingly D. surprised

27/ A. In B. For C. From D. With 28/ A. of B. against C. for D. to A

(29-32) Read the dialogue and then decide whether the statements that follow are true or false. Write True or False in your answersheet: Vietnam’s new Year is officially known as Tet. It begins between January twenty-first and February nineteenth. The exact date changes from year to year. Tet lasts ten days. The first three das are the most important. Vietnamese people believe that what people act during those days will influence the whole year. As a result, they make every effort to avoid arguments and smile as much as possible. Vietnamese people believe that the first person through the door on New Year’s Day brings either good or bad luck. Children receive lucky money as they do in other countries

____ 29/ Tet occurs in lateJanuary or early February.

____ 30/ There are two weeks for Lunar New Year.

____ 31/ People should not argue with each other at Tet.

____ 32/The first visitor on New Year’s Day brings good or bad lucky.

(33-36) Rewrite the sentences so that they are nearest in meaning to the sentence printed before them.

33/ They haven’t decided the exact time of the match yet.

 The exact time _____________________________________________________

34/ It was after midnight, but we did not feel tired

 Although ___________________________________________________________

35/ They stayed in a very luxurious hotel last summer.

 The hotel __________________________________________________________

36/ The last time they played tennis was two years ago.

They haven’t ________________________________________________________

1
27 tháng 8 2019

A gesture is an action that sends a message from one person to another (23)_________ using words. We use gestures to communicate with others. There are some gestures that have completely different meaning depending on when and (24) ________ they are used. When an American wants(25) ___________ that something is OK or good, he raises his hand and make a circle with his thumb and forefinger. The circle sign has onlyone meaning for him. He might be (26) _______ to learn that in other countries it can mean something very different. ( 27)______________ Japan, for instance, it is the gesture (28) __________ money. In France it “zero” or “worthless”. Such differences can lead to all kinds of misunderstanding when foreigners meet. But why is it that the same gesture has so many different meanings?

23/ A. with B. without C. don’t D. not

24/ A. place B. time C. where D. way

25/ A. show B. to show C. shown D. showing

26/ A. surprise B. surprising C. surprisingly D. surprised

27/ A. In B. For C. From D. With

28/ A. of B. against C. for D. to A

(29-32) Read the dialogue and then decide whether the statements that follow are true or false. Write True or False in your answersheet:

Vietnam’s new Year is officially known as Tet. It begins between January twenty-first and February nineteenth. The exact date changes from year to year. Tet lasts ten days. The first three das are the most important. Vietnamese people believe that what people act during those days will influence the whole year. As a result, they make every effort to avoid arguments and smile as much as possible. Vietnamese people believe that the first person through the door on New Year’s Day brings either good or bad luck. Children receive lucky money as they do in other countries

T 29/ Tet occurs in lateJanuary or early February.

F 30/ There are two weeks for Lunar New Year.

T 31/ People should not argue with each other at Tet.

T 32/The first visitor on New Year’s Day brings good or bad lucky.

(33-36) Rewrite the sentences so that they are nearest in meaning to the sentence printed before them.

33/ They haven’t decided the exact time of the match yet.

 The exact time of the match hasn't been decided (by them) yet

34/ It was after midnight, but we did not feel tired

 Although it was after midnight, we did not feel tired

35/ They stayed in a very luxurious hotel last summer.

 The hotel in which they stayed last summer is very luxurious

36/ The last time they played tennis was two years ago.

They haven’t played tennis for two years

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Most languages have several levels of vocabulary that may be used by the same speakers. In English, at least three have been identified and described.Standard usage includes those words and expressions understood, used, and accepted by a majority of the speakers of a language in any situation regardless of the levels of formality. As such, these words and...
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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Most languages have several levels of vocabulary that may be used by the same speakers. In English, at least three have been identified and described.

Standard usage includes those words and expressions understood, used, and accepted by a majority of the speakers of a language in any situation regardless of the levels of formality. As such, these words and expressions are well defined and listed in standard dictionaries. Colloquialisms, on the other hand, are familiar words and idioms that are understood by almost all speakers of a language and used in informal speech or writing, but not considered acceptable for more formal situations. Almost all idiomatic expressions are colloquial language. Slang, however, refers to words and expressions understood by a large number of speakers but not accepted as appropriate formal usage by the majority. Colloquial expressions and even slang may be found in standard dictionaries but will be so identified. Both Colloquial usage and slang are more common in speech than in writing. Colloquial speech often passes into standard speech. Some slang also passes into standard speech, but other slang expressions enjoy momentary popularity followed by obscurity. In some cases, the majority never accepts certain slang phrases but nevertheless retains them in their collective memories. Every generation seems to require its own set of words to describe familiar objects and events.

It has been pointed out by a number of linguists that three cultural conditions are necessary for the creation of a large body of slang expressions. First, the introduction and acceptance of new objects and situations in the society; second, a diverse population with a large number of subgroups; third, association among the subgroups and the majority population.

Finally, it is worth noting that the terms "standard", "colloquial" and "slang" exist only as abstract labels for scholars who study language. Only a tiny number of the speakers of any language will be aware that they are using colloquial or slang expressions. Most speakers of English will, during appropriate situations, select and use all three types of expressions.

Which of the following is the main topic of the passage?

A. Standard speech

B. Idiomatic phrases

C. Dictionary usage

D. Different types of vocabulary

1
17 tháng 8 2019

Đáp án: A

Giải thích: Dựa vào đoạn trích có thể thấy nội dung chính của đoạn trích là về lời nói/giao tiếp thường ngày.

VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR I. Fill in each gap in the sentences with a suitable word or phrase. 1. Don't be too critical about your....................- it doesn't matter if you sound like anon-native speaker. 2. Don’t worry about understanding every word, but read for the general meaning then go back and ..................new words. 3. I can speak basic French, so I can just about .............in French. 4. Don’t .............. .. into English from your own language, but think in English...
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VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR
I. Fill in each gap in the sentences with a suitable word or phrase.
1. Don't be too critical about your....................- it doesn't matter if you sound like anon-native speaker.
2. Don’t worry about understanding every word, but read for the general meaning then go back and
..................new words.
3. I can speak basic French, so I can just about .............in French.
4. Don’t .............. .. into English from your own language, but think in English toimprove your fluency.
5. My father hasn’t used English for ages, so his English may be a little ................. .
6. Try to .................. word from the context.
7. Ask your friend to .................................. your pronunciation when needed
8. There is greater variety of ............in Great Britain because the languagedeveloped over a millennium
and a half.

II. Fill in each gap in the sentences with ONE suitable verb
Twelve Things You Can Do To Improve Your English
We are sure you will find a lot of helpful tips to improve your English!
1. Don’t be afraid to make mistakes. Be confident. People can only..................... your mistakes when
they hear you make them.
2. ................. the four core skills: reading, writing, speaking and listening. They all need to be worked
on for you to improve.
3. ............... yourself a study plan. Decide how much time a week you are going to spend studying and
stick to it.
4. Make sure that you take the time to ........................ things you have studied in the past.
5. Watch DVDs rather than TV. It’s better to use something that you can watch over again to .......................
information you might have missed the first time.
6. Read for the general meaning first. Don’t worry about understanding every word, then go back and ...................
up new words.
7. Don't ................... everything into English from your own language. Think in English to improve your
fluency.
8. The most natural way to ............... grammar is through talking.
9. Why not start an online blog and ............. your writings with the world?
10. To become a better writer, ..............as many ideas and thoughts onto paper without worrying
about grammar or spelling. Then think about the structure.
11. ............. your voice and listen to your pronunciation and intonation. It will help you to identify your
problem areas.
12. Read out loud along with a CD. You can ................... the intonation, pronunciation and rhythm.

III.Fill in each gap in the passage with a suitable word or phrase.
When you find a new word, check to see if you can use it in other ways. English is a(n) (1) .............
language -nouns, verbs and adjectives often share the same root word.For example, a house, to house, housing
policy, and so on. When you (2) ............ your new word in your notebook, try to (3) ...........
an example sentence in English.

Some people find it (4)............ to organise notebooks into themes. So rather thanhaving a list of
words (5) ................ any obvious connection, you (6) ............ your notebook into themes,
with one page containing words to do with the house, page with words to do with jobs, and so on.
Choose a new word or phrase from your notebook and try to use it as often as possible in one day. (7).....................
situations where you would need to use it, and write down acouple of example sentences. (8) ...................
to this word or phrase after a week, to make sure you still remember it.

mn ơi giúp mk vs ạ

Thank!!!

0
True or False Today,when English is one of the major languages in the world, it requires an effort of the imagination to realize that this is relatively recent thing-that in Shakespeare's time,for example,only a few million people spoke,and the language was not thought to be very important by the other nations of Europe,and was unknown to the rest of the world. English has become a world language because of its establishment as a mother tongue outside England,in all the continents of the...
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True or False

Today,when English is one of the major languages in the world, it requires an effort of the imagination to realize that this is relatively recent thing-that in Shakespeare's time,for example,only a few million people spoke,and the language was not thought to be very important by the other nations of Europe,and was unknown to the rest of the world.

English has become a world language because of its establishment as a mother tongue outside England,in all the continents of the world. This exporting of English began in the seventeenth century,with the first settlements in the United States,assisted by massive immigration in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries,that has given the English language its present standing in the world.

1. English was spoken by a few million people in Shakespeare's time.......

2. It is considered as a mother language outside England.......

3. English was spoken in North America in the seventeenth century.........

4. Most of the immigration in the USA do not speak English.............

1
29 tháng 7 2018

Today,when English is one of the major languages in the world, it requires an effort of the imagination to realize that this is relatively recent thing-that in Shakespeare's time,for example,only a few million people spoke,and the language was not thought to be very important by the other nations of Europe,and was unknown to the rest of the world.

English has become a world language because of its establishment as a mother tongue outside England,in all the continents of the world. This exporting of English began in the seventeenth century,with the first settlements in the United States,assisted by massive immigration in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries,that has given the English language its present standing in the world.

1. English was spoken by a few million people in Shakespeare's time...T....

2. It is considered as a mother language outside England....T...

3. English was spoken in North America in the seventeenth century....F.....

4. Most of the immigration in the USA do not speak English......F....

29 tháng 7 2018

câu 2 ở trong bài nói as a mother tongue con ở câu hỏi ns as a mother language đúng hay sai

Terms and Conditions of Service GENERAL Duolingo websites (“Websites”) and mobile applications, including the Tinycards application (“Apps”) and related services (together with the Websites, the “Service”), including our language proficiency testing services (the “Duolingo English Test”) are operated by Duolingo, Inc. (“Duolingo,” “us,” or “we”). Access and use of the Service is subject to the following Terms and Conditions of Service (“Terms and Conditions”). By...
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Terms and Conditions of Service GENERAL Duolingo websites (“Websites”) and mobile applications, including the Tinycards application (“Apps”) and related services (together with the Websites, the “Service”), including our language proficiency testing services (the “Duolingo English Test”) are operated by Duolingo, Inc. (“Duolingo,” “us,” or “we”). Access and use of the Service is subject to the following Terms and Conditions of Service (“Terms and Conditions”). By accessing or using any part of the Service, you represent that you have read, understood, and agree to be bound by these Terms and Conditions including any future modifications. Duolingo may amend, update or change these Terms and Conditions. If we do this, we will post a notice that we have made changes to these Terms and Conditions on the Websites for at least 7 days after the changes are posted and will indicate at the bottom of the Terms and Conditions the date these terms were last revised. Any revisions to these Terms and Conditions will become effective the earlier of (i) the end of such 7-day period or (ii) the first time you access or use the Service after such changes. If you do not agree to abide by these Terms and Conditions, you are not authorized to use, access or participate in the Service. PLEASE NOTE THAT THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS CONTAIN A MANDATORY ARBITRATION OF DISPUTES PROVISION THAT REQUIRES THE USE OF ARBITRATION ON AN INDIVIDUAL BASIS TO RESOLVE DISPUTES IN CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES, RATHER THAN JURY TRIALS OR CLASS ACTION LAWSUITS. VIEW THESE TERMS HERE. DESCRIPTION OF WEBSITE AND SERVICE The Service allows users to access and use a variety of educational services, including learning or practicing a language, taking examinations in the Duolingo English Test, and creating and viewing flashcards on the Tinycards App. Duolingo may, in its sole discretion and at any time, update, change, suspend, make improvements to or discontinue any aspect of the Service, temporarily or permanently. REGISTRATION; SUBMISSION OF CONTENT a. Registration In connection with registering for and using the Service, you agree (i) to provide accurate, current and complete information about you and/or your organization as requested by Duolingo; (ii) to maintain the confidentiality of your password and other information related to the security of your account; (iii) to maintain and promptly update any registration information you provide to Duolingo, to keep such information accurate, current and complete; and (iv) to be fully responsible for all use of your account and for any actions that take place through your account. b. Course Contributor Submissions If you are or become a Course Contributor, you may offer to translate or have translated certain existing courses into other languages and you may offer to contribute new courses to the Service, as agreed between you and Duolingo on a case-by-case basis. Subject to any guidelines posted on the Service, you may perform any such translations or create any such courses in accordance with your own schedule and using your own facilities and resources. You are not required to become a Course Contributor and you may cease your activities as a Course Contributor at any time. You acknowledge that you do not desire and will not receive compensation for your activities as a Course Contributor or for our use of any Course Contributor Materials (as defined below) you submit. Any translation of an existing Duolingo course you submit or have submitted and any new language course you submit or have submitted as a Course Contributor (collectively, “Course Contributor Materials”) are owned by you (subject of course to us retaining ownership of the existing Duolingo course you translated). By submitting any Course Contributor Material, you grant us a fully paid up, royalty-free, perpetual, sublicensable license to reproduce, display, perform, modify, create derivative works of, distribute and otherwise use such Course Contributor Material in any manner. c. General Content As a condition of submitting any ratings, reviews, information, data, text, photographs, audio clips, audiovisual works, translations, flashcards or other materials on the Services (“Content”), you hereby grant to Duolingo a royalty free, perpetual, irrevocable, worldwide, nonexclusive, transferable, and sublicensable license to use, reproduce, copy, adapt, modify, merge, distribute, publicly display, create derivative works from, incorporate such Content into other works; sublicense through multiple tiers the Content, and acknowledge that this license cannot be terminated by you once your Content is submitted to the Services. You represent that you own or have secured all legal rights necessary for the Content submitted by you to be used by you, Duolingo, and others as described and otherwise contemplated in these Terms and Conditions. You understand that other users will have access to the Content and that neither they or Duolingo have any obligation to you or anyone else to maintain the confidentiality of the Content. YOUR REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES You represent and warrant to Duolingo that your access and use of the Service will be in accordance with these Terms and Conditions and with all applicable laws, rules and regulations of the United States and any other relevant jurisdiction, including those regarding online conduct or acceptable content, and those regarding the transmission of data or information exported from the United States and/or the jurisdiction in which you reside. You further represent and warrant that you have created or own any material you submit via the Service (including Translation Materials, Course Contributor Materials, Activity Materials, and Content) and that you have the right, as applicable, to grant us a license to use that material as set forth above or the right to assign that material to us as set forth below. If you register with the Duolingo English Test, you further represent and warrant that the identification materials you submit to Duolingo are true and accurate representations of legal identification documents, issued to you by a government entity in accordance with local laws, and that you are registering for the Duolingo English Test for the express purpose of taking a language examination. You further represent and warrant that you will carefully safeguard your password, user name, and account information, will not share your password or user name with any third party, and will not allow any third party to access your Duolingo English Test account for any purpose. You represent and warrant that (1) you are not organized under the laws of, operating from, or otherwise ordinarily resident in a country or territory that is the target or comprehensive U.S. economic or trade sanctions (i.e., an embargo) or (2) identified on a list of prohibited or restricted persons, such as the U.S. Treasury Department’s List of Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons, or (3) otherwise the target of U.S. sanctions. INAPPROPRIATE USE You will not upload, display or otherwise provide on or through the Service any content that: (i) is libelous, defamatory, abusive, threatening, harassing, hateful, offensive or otherwise violates any law or infringes upon the right of any third party (including copyright, trademark, privacy, publicity or other personal or proprietary rights); or (ii) in Duolingo’s sole judgment, is objectionable or which restricts or inhibits any other person from using the Service or which may expose Duolingo or its users to any harm or liability of any kind. You will not use the Duolingo English Test to collect information about our testing process or to develop strategy, guides or other testing preparation material or a similar testing service, and you will not violate any rules applicable to the English Test or otherwise cheat or circumvent the applicable procedures when taking an English Test. INDEMNIFICATION OF DUOLINGO You agree to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Duolingo and its directors, officers, employees, contractors, agents, suppliers, licensors, successors and assigns, from and against any and all losses, claims, causes of action, obligations, liabilities and damages whatsoever, including attorneys' fees, arising out of or relating to your access or use of the Service, any false representation made to us (as part of these Terms and Conditions or otherwise), your breach of any of these Terms and Conditions, or any claim that any translation we provide to you is inaccurate, inappropriate or defective in any way whatsoever. LICENSE TO APPS Subject to the terms of these Terms and Conditions, Duolingo grants you a non-transferable, non-exclusive license to download, install, and use one copy of each App in object code form only on an interactive wireless device that you own or control. You may not derive or attempt to derive the source code of all or any portion of any App, permit any third party to derive or attempt to derive such source code, or reverse engineer, decompile, disassemble, or translate any App or any part thereof. Duolingo and its licensors own and shall retain all intellectual property rights and other rights in and to the Apps, and any changes, modifications, or corrections thereto. The following terms and conditions apply to you only if you are using the Apps from the Apple App Store. To the extent the other terms and conditions of these Terms and Conditions are less restrictive than, or otherwise conflict with, the terms and conditions of this paragraph, the more restrictive or conflicting terms and conditions in this paragraph apply, but solely with respect to Apps from the Apple App Store. You acknowledge and agree that these Terms and Conditions are solely between you and Duolingo, not Apple, and that Apple has no responsibility for the Apps or content thereof. Your use of any App must comply with the App Store Terms of Service. You acknowledge that Apple has no obligation whatsoever to furnish any maintenance and support services with respect to the Apps. In the event of any failure of any App to conform to any applicable warranty, you may notify Apple, and Apple will refund the purchase price, if any, for the App to you; to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, Apple will have no other warranty obligation whatsoever with respect to the Apps, and any other claims, losses, liabilities, damages, costs or expenses attributable to any failure to conform to any warranty will be solely governed by these Terms and Conditions. You and Duolingo acknowledge that Apple is not responsible for addressing any claims of you or any third party relating to the Apps or your possession and/or use of any App, including, but not limited to: (i) product liability claims; (ii) any claim that an App fails to conform to any applicable legal or regulatory requirement; and (iii) claims arising under consumer protection or similar legislation. You and Duolingo acknowledge that, in the event of any third-party claim that any App or your possession and use of that App infringes that third party’s intellectual property rights, Duolingo, not Apple, will be solely responsible for the investigation, defense, settlement and discharge of any such intellectual property infringement claim to the extent required by these Terms and Conditions. You must comply with applicable third party terms of agreement when using any App. You and Duolingo acknowledge and agree that Apple, and Apple’s subsidiaries, are third party beneficiaries of these Terms and Conditions as they relate to your license of the Apps, and that, upon your acceptance of these Terms and Conditions, Apple will have the right (and will be deemed to have accepted the right) to enforce these Terms and Conditions against you as a third party beneficiary thereof. IN-APP PURCHASES If you purchase an auto-renewing periodic subscription through the Service, your Duolingo account will be billed continuously for the subscription until you terminate it as set forth below. After your initial subscription period, and again after any subsequent subscription period, your subscription will automatically renew for an additional equivalent period. If you do not wish your subscription to renew automatically, or if you want to change or terminate your subscription, you will need to log in to your Duolingo account and follow instructions to terminate or change your subscription, even if you have deleted your account. In the Service, you may purchase, with “real world” money, a limited, personal, non-transferable, non-sublicensable, revocable license to use (a) “virtual currency,” including but not limited to virtual gems, solely for use in the Service, and (b) “virtual in-app items” (together with “virtual currency,” “Virtual Items”). You are allowed to purchase Virtual Items through the Service, and not in any other way. Duolingo may manage, regulate, control, modify, or eliminate Virtual Items at any time, with or without notice. Duolingo may update the pricing of Virtual Items at any time in its sole discretion, and may add new Virtual Items for additional fees. Duolingo shall have no liability to you or any third party in the event that Duolingo exercises any such rights. The transfer of Virtual Items is prohibited except where expressly authorized in the Service. Other than as expressly authorized in the Service, you shall not sell, redeem or otherwise transfer Virtual Items to any person or entity, including but not limited to Company, another user, or any third party. You agree to pay all fees and applicable taxes incurred by you or anyone using a Duolingo account registered to you. Duolingo may revise the pricing for the goods and services offered through the Service at any time. All information that you provide in connection with a purchase or transaction or other monetary transaction interaction with the Service must be accurate, complete, and current. You agree to pay all charges incurred by users of your credit card, debit card, or other payment method used in connection with a purchase or transaction or other monetary transaction interaction with the Service at the prices in effect when such charges are incurred. You will pay any applicable taxes, if any, relating to any such purchases, transactions or other monetary transaction interactions. PAYMENT PROCESSORS All financial transactions made in connection with the Service will be processed by a third party in accordance with their respective terms of use, privacy policy, and/or any applicable payment terms and conditions. We encourage you to learn about the practices of such third party. In no event will Duolingo be responsible for the actions or inactions of any third party payment processor, including, but not limited to, system downtime or payment service outages. REFUND POLICY a. General In the event that Duolingo suspends or terminates your use of the Service or these Terms and Conditions or you close your account voluntarily, you understand and agree that you will receive no refund or exchange of any kind, including for any unused virtual currency or other Virtual Item, any Content or data associated with your use of the Service, or for anything else. b. Duolingo English Test In the event of a Test Issue (described below), Duolingo will, at its option, either (a) provide the user with a refund for the affected test, or (b) use reasonable efforts to resolve the Test Issue. For purposes of this Section, “Test Issue” means: (i) the inability to complete the test due to a failure in the Websites or the Apps, or (ii) Test results are delivered more than 48 hours after the test is completed. Whether an issue constitutes a Test Issue will be determined by Duolingo in its reasonable discretion. For clarity, termination or suspension of your account or certain activities on the Service that results from a violation of Section 5 regarding the English Test rules and procedures does not constitute a “Test Issue” and will not result in a refund. The amount of any refund will depend on the nature of the Test Issue and will not exceed the total amount actually paid by the user for the affected test. To submit a valid claim for a refund, a user must (a) submit the Test Issue in writing to Duolingo within 24 hours after the Test Issue occurs, and respond to Duolingo’s requests for information or cooperation, (b) not have directly or indirectly caused the Test Issue, and (c) have met all test requirements when taking the test prior to making a claim for a Test Issue. THIRD-PARTY LINKS, SITES, AND SERVICES The Service may contain links to third-party websites, advertisers, services, special offers, or other events or activities that are not owned or controlled by Duolingo. We do not endorse or assume any responsibility for any such third-party sites, information, materials, products, or services. If you access any third party website, service, or content from Duolingo, you understand that these Terms and Conditions and our Privacy Policy do not apply to your use of such sites. You expressly acknowledge and agree that Duolingo shall not be responsible or liable, directly or indirectly, for any damage or loss arising from your use of any third-party website, service, or content. The Service may include advertisements, which may be targeted to the Content or information on the Service, or other information. The types and extent of advertising by Duolingo on the Service are subject to change. In consideration for Duolingo granting you access to and use of the Service, you agree that Duolingo and its third party providers and partners may place such advertising in connection with the display of content or information submitted by you or others. NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES BY DUOLINGO THE SERVICE, INCLUDING ALL IMAGES, AUDIO FILES AND OTHER CONTENT THEREIN, AND ANY OTHER INFORMATION, PROPERTY AND RIGHTS GRANTED OR PROVIDED TO YOU BY DUOLINGO ARE PROVIDED TO YOU ON AN “AS IS” BASIS. DUOLINGO AND ITS SUPPLIERS MAKE NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WITH RESPECT TO THE SERVICE, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND ALL SUCH REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMED. WITHOUT LIMITING THE GENERALITY OF THE FOREGOING, DUOLINGO DOES NOT MAKE ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF ANY KIND RELATING TO ACCURACY, SERVICE AVAILABILITY, COMPLETENESS, INFORMATIONAL CONTENT, ERROR-FREE OPERATION, RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USE, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. ACCESS AND USE OF THE SERVICE MAY BE UNAVAILABLE DURING PERIODS OF PEAK DEMAND, SYSTEM UPGRADES, MALFUNCTIONS OR SCHEDULED OR UNSCHEDULED MAINTENANCE OR FOR OTHER REASONS. SOME JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES, SO THE ABOVE EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. LIMITATION ON TYPES OF DAMAGES/LIMITATION OF LIABILITY IN NO EVENT WILL DUOLINGO BE LIABLE TO YOU OR ANY THIRD PARTY CLAIMING THROUGH YOU (WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT, TORT, STRICT LIABILITY OR OTHER THEORY) FOR INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THE ACCESS OR USE OF, OR THE INABILITY TO ACCESS OR USE, THE SERVICE OR ANY PORTION THEREOF, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE LOSS OF USE OF THE SERVICE, INACCURATE RESULTS, LOSS OF PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, OR DAMAGES STEMMING FROM LOSS OR CORRUPTION OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE, THE COST OF RECOVERING ANY DATA, THE COST OF SUBSTITUTE SERVICES OR CLAIMS BY THIRD PARTIES FOR ANY DAMAGE TO COMPUTERS, SOFTWARE, MODEMS, TELEPHONES OR OTHER PROPERTY, EVEN IF DUOLINGO HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. DUOLINGO’S LIABILITY TO YOU OR ANY THIRD PARTY CLAIMING THROUGH YOU FOR ANY CAUSE WHATSOEVER, AND REGARDLESS OF THE FORM OF THE ACTION, IS LIMITED TO THE AMOUNT PAID, IF ANY, BY YOU TO DUOLINGO FOR THE SERVICE IN THE 12 MONTHS PRIOR TO THE INITIAL ACTION GIVING RISE TO LIABILITY. THIS IS AN AGGREGATE LIMIT. THE EXISTENCE OF MORE THAN ONE CLAIM HEREUNDER WILL NOT INCREASE THIS LIMIT. TERMINATION Duolingo may terminate your access and use of the Service immediately at any time, for any reason, and at such time you will have no further right to use the Service. You may terminate your Duolingo account at any time by following the instructions available through the Service. The provisions of these Terms and Conditions relating to the protection and enforcement of Duolingo’s proprietary rights, your representations and warranties, disclaimer of representations and warranties, release and indemnities, limitations of liability and types of damages, ownership of data and information, governing law and venue, and miscellaneous provisions shall survive any such termination. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS IN SERVICE CONTENT AND ACTIVITY MATERIALS All content available through the Service, including designs, text, graphics, images, information, software, audio and other files, and their selection and arrangement (the "Service Content"), are the proprietary property of Duolingo or its licensors. No Service Content may be modified, copied, distributed, framed, reproduced, republished, downloaded, scraped, displayed, posted, transmitted, or sold in any form or by any means, in whole or in part, other than as expressly permitted in these Terms and Conditions. You may not use any data mining, robots, scraping or similar data gathering or extraction methods to obtain Service Content. As between you and Duolingo, all data, information and materials generated from your access and use of the educational activities made available on or through the Service, including translated content generated by you (collectively, the “Activity Materials”), shall be exclusively owned by Duolingo, and you shall not have any right to use such Activity Materials except as expressly authorized by these Terms and Conditions. Activity Materials will not include Translation Materials. By using the Service, you hereby assign to Duolingo any and all rights, title and interest, including any intellectual property rights or proprietary rights, in the Activity Materials. All rights of Duolingo or its licensors that are not expressly granted in these Terms and Conditions are reserved to Duolingo and its licensors. TRADEMARKS “Duolingo,” “Tinycards” and all other trademarks, service marks, graphics and logos used in connection with the Service are trademarks or service marks of Duolingo or their respective owners, and certain of them are registered with the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Access and use of the Service does not grant or provide you with the right or license to reproduce or otherwise use the Duolingo name or any Duolingo or third-party trademarks, service marks, graphics or logos. PRIVACY Use of the Service is also governed by our Privacy Policy, a copy of which is located at www.duolingo.com/privacy. By using the Service, you consent to the terms of the Privacy Policy. NOTICE FOR CLAIMS OF COPYRIGHT VIOLATIONS AND AGENT FOR NOTICE If you are a copyright owner and have a good faith belief that any material available through the Service infringes upon your copyrights, you may submit a copyright infringement notification to Duolingo pursuant to the Digital Millennium Copyright Act by providing us with the following information in writing: an electronic or physical signature of the copyright owner or the person authorized to act on behalf of the owner of the copyright interest; a description of the copyrighted work that you claim has been infringed; a description of where the material that you claim is infringing is located on the Service, with enough detail that we may find it on the Service; your address, telephone number, and email address; a statement by you that you have a good faith belief that the disputed use is not authorized by the copyright owner, its agent, or the law; and a statement by you, made under penalty of perjury, that the above information in your notice is accurate and that you are the copyright owner or are authorized to act on the copyright owner's behalf. Please consult your legal counsel for further details or see 17 U.S.C. §512(c)(3). Duolingo’s Agent for Notice of claims of copyright infringement can be reached as follows: By mail: 5900 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh PA 15206, USA By email: abuse@duolingo.com GOVERNING LAW AND ARBITRATION; NO CLASS ACTION These Terms and Conditions, its subject matter and Duolingo’s and your respective rights under these Terms and Conditions, as well as and any claim, cause of action or dispute (“claim”) arising out of or related to these Terms and Conditions, shall be governed by and construed under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, United States of America, excluding the conflict of law provisions of that or any other jurisdiction, regardless of your country of origin or where you access the Service. ANY DISPUTE OR CLAIM RELATING IN ANY WAY TO THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OR THE SERVICE WILL BE RESOLVED BY BINDING ARBITRATION, RATHER THAN IN COURT, except for Duolingo’s right to seek injunctive relief as set forth below. Unless otherwise expressly required by applicable law, each party shall bear its own attorneys’ fees without regard to which party is deemed the prevailing party in the arbitration proceeding. If you do not want to arbitrate disputes with Duolingo and you are an individual, you may opt out of this arbitration agreement by sending an email to legal@duolingo.com within 30 days of the day you first access or use the Service. If you intend to seek arbitration you must first send written notice to Duolingo’s Administration Office of your intent to arbitrate (“Notice”). The Notice to Duolingo should be sent by any of the following means: (i) electronic mail to legal@duolingo.com; or (ii) sending the Notice by U.S. Postal Service certified mail to Duolingo, Inc., Attention: Legal, 5900 Penn Ave; Pittsburgh, PA 15206. The Notice must (x) describe the nature and basis of the claim or dispute; and (y) set forth the specific relief sought; and (z) set forth your name, address and contact information. If we intend to seek arbitration against you, we will send any notice of dispute to you at the contact information we have for you. The arbitration will be conducted before a neutral single arbitrator in the County of Allegheny in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, whose decision will be final and binding, and the arbitral proceedings will be governed by the American Arbitration Association (“AAA”) under its AAA Commercial Arbitration Rules, Consumer Due Process Protocol, and Supplementary Procedures for Resolution of Consumer Related Disputes, as modified by these Terms and Conditions. The AAA’s rules are available at www.adr.org or by calling 1-800-778-7879. All issues are for the arbitrator to decide, including the scope of this arbitration clause, but the arbitrator is bound by the terms of these Terms and Conditions. If you initiate arbitration, your arbitration fees will be limited to the filing fee set forth in the AAA’s Consumer Arbitration Rules. We will reimburse all other AAA filing, administration and arbitrator fees paid by you, unless the arbitrator determines that the arbitration was frivolous or brought for an improper purpose, in which case the payment of all such fees shall be governed by the AAA rules. The arbitration will be conducted in the English language. Judgment on the award rendered by the arbitrator may be entered in any court of competent jurisdiction. For any claim where the potential award is reasonably likely to be $10,000 or less, either you or Duolingo may elect to have the dispute resolved through non-appearance-based arbitration. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, YOU AND DUOLINGO EACH AGREE THAT ANY DISPUTE RESOLUTION PROCEEDING WILL BE CONDUCTED ONLY ON AN INDIVIDUAL BASIS AND NOT IN A CLASS, CONSOLIDATED OR REPRESENTATIVE ACTION. If for any reason a claim proceeds in court rather than in arbitration, YOU AND DUOLINGO EACH WAIVE ANY RIGHT TO A JURY TRIAL. If a court of competent jurisdiction finds the foregoing arbitration provisions invalid or inapplicable, you and Duolingo agree that all claims arising out of or related to these Terms and Conditions must be resolved exclusively by a state or federal court located in the County of Allegheny in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and you and Duolingo each agree to submit to the exercise of personal jurisdiction of such courts for the purpose of litigating all such claims. Notwithstanding the above, you agree that Duolingo shall still be allowed to apply for and obtain injunctive remedies (or an equivalent type of urgent legal relief) in any jurisdiction. LANGUAGE This agreement was originally written in English (US). To the extent any translated version of this agreement conflicts with the English version, the English version controls. MISCELLANEOUS These Terms and Conditions constitute the entire agreement between Duolingo and you concerning the subject matter hereof. In the event that any of the Terms and Conditions are held by a court or other tribunal of competent jurisdiction to be unenforceable, such provisions shall be limited or eliminated to the minimum extent necessary so that these Terms and Conditions shall otherwise remain in full force and effect. A waiver by Duolingo or you of any provision of these Terms and Conditions or any breach thereof, in any one instance, will not waive such term or condition or any subsequent breach thereof. Duolingo may assign its rights or obligations under these Terms and Conditions without condition. These Terms and Conditions will be binding upon and will inure to the benefit of Duolingo and you, and Duolingo’s and your respective successors and permitted assigns. Last revised on December 11th, 2017 Giới thiệuHọc đườngDuolingo English TestThiết bị di độngPhụ kiệnTrợ giúpNội quyViệc làmĐiều khoảnQuyền riên

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