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a, Ta có: 27nAl + 56nFe = 27,8 (1)
PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{17,353}{24,79}=0,7\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{27,8}.100\%\approx19,42\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx80,58\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,7\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,7}{0,5}=1,4\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,224}{22,4}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,01 0,02 0,01
a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,01.1}{1}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=0,01.56=0,56\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Cu}=1,2-0,56=0,64\left(g\right)\)
0/0Fe = \(\dfrac{0,56.100}{1,2}=46,67\)0/0
0/0Cu = \(\dfrac{0,64.100}{1,2}=53,33\)0/0
b) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,01.2}{1}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{HCl}=0,02.36,5=0,73\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,73.100}{10}=7,3\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
______0,2---->0,3------------>0,1------>0,3______(mol)
=> VH2 = 0,3.22,4= 6,72(l)
b) \(C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,1}=3M\)
\(C_{M\left(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1M\)
Câu 3:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3(mol)\\ PTHH:Mg+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ MgO+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,3.24}{15,2}.100\%=47,37\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{MgO}=100\%-47,37\%=52,63\%\)
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{15,2-0,3.24}{40}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \Sigma n_{HCl}=0,3.2+0,2.2=1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1.36,5}{10\%}=365(g)\\ \Sigma n_{MgCl_2}=0,2+0,3=0,5(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,5.95}{15,2+365}.100\%=12,49\%\)
\(PTHH:Mg+2H_2SO_{4(đ)}\to MgSO_4+2H_2O+SO_2\uparrow\\ MgO+H_2SO_4\to MgSO_4+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{SO_2}=n_{Mg}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{SO_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)\)
PTHH:
\(Zn+H_2SO_4--->ZnSO_4+H_2\)
\(Cu+H_2SO_4--\times-->\)
a. Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%_{m_{Zn}}=\dfrac{6,5}{19,3}.100\%=33,7\%\)
\(\%_{m_{Cu}}=100\%-33,7\%=66,3\%\)
b. Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Đổi 200ml = 0,2 lít
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
c. Ta có: \(V_{dd_{ZnSO_4}}=V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=0,2\left(lít\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{ZnSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}0,15(mol)\\ a,PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_4\to FeSO_4+H_2\\ b,n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,15.56}{14,8}.100\%=56,76\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Cu}=100\%-56,76\%=43,24\%\\ c,n_{H_2SO_4}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,15.98}{20\%}=73,5(g)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{73,5}{1,4}=52,5(l)\)
a, Ta có: 27nAl + 56nFe = 0,83 (1)
PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,56}{22,4}=0,025\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=n_{Fe}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,01.27}{0,83}.100\%\approx32,53\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx67,47\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, nH2SO4 = nH2 = 0,025 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,025.98}{20\%}=12,25\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
a_____2a_______a_____a (mol)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
b_____2b______b_____b (mol)
Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+56b=5,2\\a+b=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot24}{5,2}\cdot100\%\approx46,15\%\\\%m_{Fe}=53,85\%\\V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{2\cdot\left(0,1+0,05\right)}{1}=0,3\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Số mol của khí hidro ở dktc
nH2 = \(\dfrac{V_{H2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2\(|\)
1 2 1 1
a 0,2 0,15
Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2\(|\)
1 2 1 1
b 0,1 0,15
a) Gọi a là số mol của Mg
b là số mol của Fe
Theo đề ta có : mMg + mFe = 5,2 (g)
⇒ nMg . MMg + nFe . MFe = 5,2 g
24a + 56b = 5,2g (1)
Theo đề ta có : 1a + 1b = 0,15 (2)
Từ (1),(2), ta có hệ phương trình :
24a + 56b = 5,2
1a + 1b = 0,15
⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
Khối lượng của magie
mMg = nMg . MMg
= 0,1 .24
= 2,4 (g)
Khối lượng của sắt
mFe = nFe . MFe
= 0,05 . 56
= 2,8 (g)
0/0Mg = \(\dfrac{m_{Mg}.100}{m_{hh}}=\dfrac{2,4.100}{5,2}=46,15\)0/0
0/0Fe = \(\dfrac{m_{Fe}.100}{m_{hh}}=\dfrac{2,8.100}{5,2}=53,85\)0/0
b) Số mol tổng của dung dịch axit clohidric
nHCl = 0,2 + 0,1
= 0,3 (mol)
Thể tích của dung dịch axit clohidric đã dùng
CMHCl = \(\dfrac{n}{V}\Rightarrow V=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,3}{1}=0,3\left(l\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
\(n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
a---------2a---------------------a
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
b---------2b-------------------b
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+56b=5,2\\a+b=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{24.0,1.100\%}{5,2}\simeq46,15\%\\ \%m_{Fe}=100\%-46,15\%=53,85\%\)
\(n_{HCl}=2.0,1+2.0,05=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ V_{HCl}=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,3}{1}=0,3\left(l\right)=300\left(ml\right)\)
a, Ta có: 27nAl + 56nFe = 22 (1)
PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{19,832}{24,79}=0,8\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,4.27}{22}.100\%\approx49,09\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx50,91\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=1,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1,6}{0,5}=3,2\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2
\(a,\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2.56}{20}.100\%=56\%\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-56\%=44\%\)
\(b,C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2\left(M\right)\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
\(1\) \(1\) \(1\)
\(0,2\) \(0,2\) \(0,2\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=n.M=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
\(^0/_0Fe=\dfrac{11,2}{20}.100^0/_0=56^0/_0\)
\(^0/_0Cu=100^0/_0-56^0/_0=44^0/_0\)
\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{n}{V_{dd}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2M\)