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CH4 + 2O2 t0→ CO2 + 2H2O
C2H4 + 3O2 t0→ 2CO2 + 2H2O
C2H2 + 52 O2 t0→ 2CO2 + 2H2O
-Gọi: nCH4:a(mol)
nC2H4:b(mol)
nC2H2:c(mol)
⇒16a+28b+26c=11(1)
BTNT C ⇒a+2b+2c=0,75(2)
-Phân tích (1)và (2) ta được:
{13a+26b+26c=9,75
=>3a+2b=1,25(3)
16a+32b+32c=12
=>4b+6c=1(4)
-Từ (3) ⇒ \(a=\dfrac{1,25-2b}{3}\)
-Từ (4)⇒\(\dfrac{1-4c}{6}\)
-% CH4 =\(\dfrac{16a}{16a+32b+32c}.100\)
-Thay công thức a và c vào (⋅)
⇒%CH4=\(\dfrac{\dfrac{1,25-2b}{3}16}{16\dfrac{1,25-2b}{3}+28b+26.\dfrac{1-4b}{6}}100=12,12\%\)
\(a,Đặt:n_{CH_4}=a\left(mol\right);n_{C_4H_{10}}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ PTHH:CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\\ 2C_4H_{10}+13O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)8CO_2+10H_2O\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}16a+58b=7,4\\22,4a+22,4.4b=22\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CH_4}=0,1.16=1,6\left(g\right)\\m_{C_4H_{10}}=0,1.58=5,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,n_{O_2}=2a+\dfrac{13}{2}b=2.0,1+6,5.0,1=0,85\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,85.22,4=19,04\left(l\right)\)
a) \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(CH_4+2O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,15<---0,3<----0,15
b) `m_{O_2} = 0,3.32 = 9,6 (g)`
c) `V_{CH_4} = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36 (l)`
\(m_{CH_4} = 8.30\% = 2,4(gam)\\ m_{C_2H_4} = 8 - 2,4 = 5,6(gam)\\ CH_4 + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} CO_2 + 2H_2O\\ C_2H_4 + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2CO_2 + 2H_2O\\\)
Theo PTHH :
\(n_{CO_2} = n_{CH_4} + 2n_{C_2H_4} = \dfrac{2,4}{16} + \dfrac{5,6}{28}.2 = 0,55(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CO_2} = 0,55.44 = 24,2(gam)\)
\(m_{CH_4}=0.3\cdot8=2.4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{2.4}{16}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{C_2H_4}=8-2.4=5.6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{5.6}{28}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(n_{CO_2}=2\cdot0.15+0.2=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{CO_2}=0.5\cdot44=22\left(g\right)\)
a, \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(2C_2H_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+2H_2O\)
b, Sửa đề: 17,9 (l) → 17,92 (l)
Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8\left(mol\right)=n_C\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{18}{18}=1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_H=1.2=2\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ mA = mC + mH = 0,8.12 + 2.1 = 11,6 (g)
Theo ĐLBT KL, có: mA + mO2 = mCO2 + mH2O
⇒ mO2 = 0,8.44 + 18 - 11,6 = 41,6 (g)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{41,6}{32}=1,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=1,3.22,4=29,12\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{11}{44}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
=> nC = 0,25 (mol)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{9}{18}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
=> nH = 1 (mol)
Do hỗn hợp chứa hidrocacbon
=> mhh = mC + mH = 12.0,25 + 1.1 = 4 (g)
a) Gọi số mol CH4, O2 là a, b (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\\M=\dfrac{16a+32b}{a+b}=1.28=28\left(g/mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> a = 0,1 (mol); b = 0,3 (mol)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}.100\%=25\%\\\%V_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,4}.100\%=75\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{2}\) => CH4 hết, O2 dư
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
0,1--->0,2-------->0,1
=> VCO2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)
=> VO2(dư) = (0,3 - 0,2).22,4 = 2,24 (l)
=> Vkhí = 2,24 + 2,24 = 4,48 (l)
a, Có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{21,28}{22,4}=0,95\left(mol\right)\)
Theo ĐLBT KL, có: m + mO2 = mCO2 + mH2O
⇒ m = 28,6 + 14,4 - 0,95.32 = 12,6 (g)
b, Có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{28,6}{44}=0,65\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{14,4}{18}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
BTNT O, có: nCO + 2nO2 = 2nCO2 + nH2O
⇒ nCO = 0,65.2 + 0,8 - 0,95.2 = 0,2 (mol)
⇒ mCO = 0,2.28 = 5,6 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{CO}=\dfrac{5,6}{12,6}.100\%\approx44,44\%\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
