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13 tháng 7 2019

Cần chứng minh: \(\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)\)

Thật vậy: \(\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2\Leftrightarrow4\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4a^2-4ab+4b^2-a^2-b^2-2ab\ge0\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2-2ab\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow3\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)(đúng)

Áp dụng:\(P=\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^2-bc+c^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^2-ac+a^2}}\)

\(\le\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}\left(c+a\right)}=2\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)=3\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(a=b=c=1\)

30 tháng 5 2016

Áp dụng :

\(a^2-ab+b^2=\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2\)

AH
Akai Haruma
Giáo viên
7 tháng 2 2020

Lời giải:

Ta thấy:

$a^2-ab+b^2=\frac{1}{4}(a+b)^2+\frac{3}{4}(a-b)^2\geq \frac{1}{4}(a+b)^2$

$\Rightarrow \sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}\geq \frac{a+b}{2}$

$\Rightarrow \frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}}\leq \frac{2}{a+b}$

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:

$\frac{4}{a+b}\leq \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}$

$\Rightarrow \frac{2}{a+b}\leq \frac{1}{2}(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b})$

Hoàn toàn tương tự với các phân thức còn lại ta có:

$P\leq \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}$ hay $P\leq 3$

Vậy $P_{\max}=3$ khi $a=b=c=1$

11 tháng 10 2017

Ta có:

\(P=\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^2-bc+c^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^2-ca+a^2}}\)

\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(a-b\right)^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(b+c\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(b-c\right)^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(c+a\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(c-a\right)^2}}\)

\(\le2\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)\)

\(\le2.\frac{1}{4}.\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\)

\(=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=3\)

4 tháng 4 2020

Bài 1 :

a) \(ĐKXĐ:\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge0\\x\ne4\\x\ne9\end{cases}}\)

\(A=\left(1-\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}\right):\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}-2}+\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{3-\sqrt{x}}+\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{x-5\sqrt{x}+6}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}:\frac{x-9-x+4+\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}:\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}:\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)

b) Để \(A< -1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}+1}< -1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-2< -\sqrt{x}-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x}< 1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}< \frac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x< \frac{1}{4}\)

Vậy để \(A< -1\Leftrightarrow x< \frac{1}{4}\)

23 tháng 8 2020

Bài 1: Ta có \(\left(\frac{a^2}{b}-a+b\right)+b^2=\frac{a^2-ab+b^2}{b}+b\ge2\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}\)  (áp dụng Bất Đẳng Thức Cosi)

\(=\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}+\sqrt{\frac{3}{4}\left(a-b\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}+\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b}-a+2b\ge\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}+\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)\left(1\right)\)

Tương tự ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{b^2}{c}-b+2c\ge\sqrt{b^2-bc+c^2}+\frac{1}{2}\left(b+c\right)\left(2\right)\\\frac{c^2}{a}-c+2a\ge\sqrt{c^2-ac+a^2}+\frac{1}{2}\left(a+c\right)\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)

Từ (1) và (2) và (3) \(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\ge\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}+\sqrt{b^2-bc+c^2}+\sqrt{c^2-ac+a^2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c

29 tháng 6 2017

Đặt: \(a=\frac{1}{x};b=\frac{1}{y};c=\frac{1}{z}\) 

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{xyz}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+zx=1\)

Ta có:

\(S=\frac{\frac{1}{x}}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{y}.\frac{1}{z}\left(1+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)}}+\frac{\frac{1}{y}}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{z}.\frac{1}{x}\left(1+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)}}+\frac{\frac{1}{z}}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{x}.\frac{1}{y}\left(1+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\frac{yz}{1+x^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{zx}{1+y^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{xy}{1+z^2}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\frac{yz}{xy+yz+zx+x^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{zx}{xy+yz+zx+y^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{xy}{xy+yz+zx+z^2}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\frac{yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{zx}{\left(y+x\right)\left(y+z\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\)

\(\le\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{z}{x+z}+\frac{z}{y+z}+\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{z+x}+\frac{y}{z+y}\right)\)

\(=\frac{1}{2}.\left(1+1+1\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)

29 tháng 6 2017

Nhầm dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\) chứ.

25 tháng 4 2020

Xét biểu thức \(\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}\)

\(=\frac{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)+\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)+\left(c+2\right)\left(a+2\right)}{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{abc+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+8}\)

\(=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{\left(abc+ab+bc+ca\right)+\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+8}\)

\(=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{4+\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+8}\)(Do \(ab+bc+ca+abc=4\)theo giả thiết)

\(=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}=1\)(***)

Với x,y dương ta có 2 bất đẳng thức phụ sau:

\(2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x+y\right)^2\)(*)

\(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)(**)

Áp dụng (*) và (**), ta có:

\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+4}\le\frac{1}{a+b+4}=\frac{1}{\left(a+2\right)+\left(b+2\right)}\)

\(\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}\right)\)(1)

Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\left(b^2+c^2\right)}+4}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}\right)\)(2)

\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\left(c^2+a^2\right)}+4}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{c+2}+\frac{1}{a+2}\right)\)(3)

Cộng từng vế của các bất đẳng thức (1), (2), (3), ta được:

\(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\)(theo (***))

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

25 tháng 4 2020

Bạn bổ sung cho mình dòng cuối là a = b = c = 1 nhé!

NV
9 tháng 3 2020

\(P=\sum\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2-ab+b^2+b^2+1}}\le\sum\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+b^2+2b}}=\sum\frac{2}{\sqrt{4b\left(a+b+2\right)}}\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le\sum\left(\frac{1}{4b}+\frac{1}{a+b+1+1}\right)\le\sum\left(\frac{1}{4b}+\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+1+1\right)\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{3}{8}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+\frac{3}{8}\le\frac{3}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

2.

\(1\ge\frac{1}{1+a}+\frac{1}{1+b}+\frac{1}{1+c}\ge\frac{9}{3+a+b+c}\)

\(\Rightarrow a+b+c+3\ge6\Rightarrow a+b+c\ge6\)

\(P=\sum\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\sum\left(a-\frac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}\right)\ge\sum\left(a-\frac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{3ab}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge\sum\left(\frac{2a}{3}-\frac{b}{3}\right)=\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\frac{6}{3}=2\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=2\)

10 tháng 3 2020

Ta có : \(ab\le\frac{a^2+b^2}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2-ab+3b^2+1\ge\frac{a^2}{2}+\frac{5}{2}b^2+1\)

Lại có : \(\left(\frac{a^2}{2}+\frac{5}{2}b^2+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{5}{2}b^2+1\right)\ge\left(\frac{a}{2}+\frac{5}{2}b+1\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a^2-ab+3b^2+1}\ge\frac{a}{4}+\frac{5b}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2-ab+3b^2+1}}\le\frac{4}{a+b+b+b+b+b+1+1}\le\frac{4}{64}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{5}{b}+2\right)\)

Khi đó :

\(P\le\frac{1}{16}\left(6\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+6\right)\le\frac{3}{2}\)

Dấu " = " xay ra khi a=b=c=1

Vậy \(P_{Max}=\frac{3}{2}\) khi a=b=c=1