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\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
x 2x x x
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
y 2y y y
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,5\\24x+56y=23,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=0,15;y=0,35\)
\(a,m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=19,6\left(g\right)\)
\(b,m_{HCl}=\left(0,3+0,7\right).36,5=36,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=1,14.200=228\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{36,5}{228}.100\%=16\%\)
\(a.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5mol\\ n_{Mg}=a;n_{Fe}=b\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+56b=23,2\\a+b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow a=0,15;b=0,35mol\\ m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6g\\ m_{Fe}=23,2-3,6=19,6g\\ b.m_{HCl}=\left(0,15+0,35\right).2.36,5=36,5g\\ m_{ddHCl}=1,14.200=228g\\ C_{\%HCl}=\dfrac{36,5}{228}\cdot100=16,01\%\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
a, \(C_{M_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,1}=2,5\left(M\right)\)
b, \(m_{CaCO_3}=0,25.100=25\left(g\right)\)
c, \(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,5.36,5}{20\%}=91,25\left(g\right)\)
a,Gọi \(n_{Na_2CO_3}=x\left(mol\right);n_{K_2CO_3}=2x\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Na2CO3 + 2HCl → 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O
PTHH: K2CO3 + 2HCl → 2KCl + CO2 + H2O
PTHH: CO2 + Ca(OH)2 → CaCO3 + H2O
Theo PTHH ta có:
\(n_{Na_2CO_3}+n_{K_2CO_3}=n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{30}{100}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ x + 2x = 0,3
⇔ x = 0,1 (mol)
⇒ mhh muối = 0,1.106 + 0,1.2.138 = 38,2 (g)
b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CO_2}=2n_{CaCO_3}=2.0,3=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{1,5}=0,4\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,03 0,06 0,03 0,03
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O|\)
1 2 1 1
0,03 0,06 0,03
a) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,03.1}{1}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,03.24=0,72\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{MgO}=1,92-0,72=1,2\left(g\right)\)
b) Có : \(m_{MgO}=1,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{1,12}{40}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,06+0,06=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
400ml = 0,4l
\(C_{M_{ddHCl}}=\dfrac{0,12}{0,4}=0,3\left(l\right)\)
c) \(n_{MgCl2\left(tổng\right)}=0,03+0,03=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{MgCl2}}=\dfrac{0,06}{0,4}=0,15\left(M\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
Gọi \(n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\)\(;n_{Zn}=y\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+65y=18,6\\2x+2y=2n_{H_2}=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{18,6}\cdot100\%=30,11\%\)
\(\%m_{Zn}=100\%-30,11\%=69,89\%\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4
\(n_{HCl}=0,2+0,4=0,6mol\)
\(C_M=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3M\)
PTHH\(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\)
tl............1................2.............2.............1.............1..(mol
br 0,1.................0,2......................................0,1(mol)
NaCl không phản ứng đc vsHCl
b)\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{MHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5\left(M\right)\)(đổi 400ml=0,4(l))
c)\(Tacom_{Na_2CO_3}=0,1.106=10,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{10,6}{20}.100=53\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%mNaCl=100\%-53\%=47\%\)
a) Khí A : Cacbon đioxit
b) $CaCO_3 + 2HCl \to CaCl_2 + CO_2 + H_2O$
$n_{CO_2} = \dfrac{448}{1000.22,4} = 0,02(mol)$
Theo PTHH : $n_{HCl} = 2n_{CO_2} = 0,04(mol)$
$C_{M_{HCl}} = \dfrac{0,04}{0,2} = 0,2M$
c) $n_{CaCO_3} = n_{CO_2} = 0,02(mol)$
$\%m_{CaCO_3} = \dfrac{0,02.100}{5}.100\% = 40\%$
$\%m_{CaSO_4} = 100\% - 40\% = 60\%$
a,\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,05 0,1 0,05 0,05
PTHH: MgO + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2O
Mol: 0,1 0,2 0,1
⇒ mMg = 0,05.24 = 1,2 (g)
mMgO = 5,2 - 1,2 = 4 (g)
b,\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{4}{40}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ nHCl đã dùng = 0,1+0,2 = 0,3 (mol)
\(C_{M_{ddHCl}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,5}=0,6\left(l\right)\)
c,\(C_{M_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,05+0,1}{0,6}=0,25M\)
a, Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{KOH}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 74x + 56y = 7,62 (1)
PT: \(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O\)
\(KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}+n_{KOH}=2x+y=\dfrac{31,025.30\%}{36,5}=0,17\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\left(mol\right)\\y=0,07\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05.74=3,7\left(g\right)\\m_{KOH}=0,07.56=3,92\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{31,025}{1,04}\approx29,83\left(ml\right)=0,02983\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,17}{0,02983}\approx5,7\left(M\right)\)