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a) \(5^{n+2}+26.5^n+8^{2n+1}=25.5^n+26.6^n+8.8^{2n}\)
\(=5^n.51+8.64^n\)
Có \(64\equiv5\) (mod 59)
\(\Rightarrow64^n\equiv5^n\) (mod 59)
\(\Rightarrow8.64^n\equiv8.5^n\) (mod 59)
\(\Rightarrow5^n.51+8.64^n\equiv8.5^n+5^n.51\) (mod 59)
mà \(8.5^n+5^n.51=59.5^n\)\(\equiv0\) (mod 59)
\(\Rightarrow5^n.51+8.64^n\equiv8.5^n+5^n.51\equiv0\) (mod 59)
\(\Rightarrow5^{n+2}+26.5^n+8^{2n+1}⋮59\)
b) \(4^{2n}-3^{2n}-7=16^n-9^n-7\)
Có \(16^n-9^n-7=\left(16-9\right)\left(16^{n-1}+...+9^{n-1}\right)-7=7\left(16^{n-1}+...+9^{n-1}\right)-7⋮\)\(7\) (I)
Có \(16\equiv1\) (mod 3) \(\Rightarrow16^n\equiv1\) (mod 3) mà \(7\equiv1\) (mod 3)
\(\Rightarrow16^n-7\equiv0\) (mod 3) mà \(9^n\equiv0\) (mod 3)
\(\Rightarrow16^n-9^n-7⋮3\) (II)
Có \(9^n\equiv1\) (mod 8)\(\Rightarrow9^n+7\equiv8\) (mod 8)
\(\Rightarrow9^n+7⋮8\) mà \(16^n=2^n.8^n⋮8\)
\(\Rightarrow16^n-9^n-7⋮8\) (III)
Do \(\left(3;7;8\right)=1\)\(,3.7.8=168\)
Từ (I) (II) (III) \(\Rightarrow16^n-9^n-7⋮168\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Đpcm
a) 5n+2+26.5n+82n+1=25.5n+26.6n+8.82n5n+2+26.5n+82n+1=25.5n+26.6n+8.82n
=5n.51+8.64n=5n.51+8.64n
Có 64≡564≡5 (mod 59)
⇒64n≡5n⇒64n≡5n (mod 59)
⇒8.64n≡8.5n⇒8.64n≡8.5n (mod 59)
⇒5n.51+8.64n≡8.5n+5n.51⇒5n.51+8.64n≡8.5n+5n.51 (mod 59)
mà 8.5n+5n.51=59.5n8.5n+5n.51=59.5n≡0≡0 (mod 59)
⇒5n.51+8.64n≡8.5n+5n.51≡0⇒5n.51+8.64n≡8.5n+5n.51≡0 (mod 59)
1. a) 625/5n=53 => 5n=625/53=54/53=5 =>n=1
b) (-2n)/-128=4 =>-2n=4.(-128)=-2.256 =>n=256
c) (3/7)n=81/2401=(3/7)4 => n=4
2. 32<2n<512
<=> 25<2n<29
=> n=6;7;8
3. (x-1)4=16=24 => x-1=2 =>x=3
\(3^{5n+2}+3^{5n+1}-3^{5n}=3^{5n}\left(3^2+3-1\right)=11.3^{5n}⋮11\)
Đặt :
\(A=\dfrac{3}{9.14}+\dfrac{3}{14.19}+........+\dfrac{3}{\left(5n-1\right)\left(5n+4\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{3}A=\dfrac{5}{9.14}+\dfrac{5}{14.19}+........+\dfrac{5}{\left(5n-1\right)\left(5n+4\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{3}A=\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{14}+\dfrac{1}{14}-\dfrac{1}{19}+...........+\dfrac{1}{5n-1}-\dfrac{1}{5n+4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{3}A=\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{5n+4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{5n+4}\right):\dfrac{5}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{5n+4}\right).\dfrac{3}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{9}.\dfrac{3}{5}-\dfrac{1}{5n+4}.\dfrac{3}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{15}-\dfrac{1}{5n+4}.\dfrac{3}{5}< \dfrac{1}{15}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{15}\left(đpcm\right)\)
a)Đặt \(E_n=n^3+3n^2+5n\)
- Với n=1 thì E1=9 chia hết 3
- Giả sử En đúng với \(n=k\ge1\) nghĩa là:
\(E_k=k^3+3k^2+5k\) chia hết 3 (giả thiết quy nạp)
- Ta phải chứng minh Ek+1 chia hết 3,tức là:
Ek+1=(k+1)3+3(k+1)2+5(k+1) chia hết 3
Thật vậy:
Ek+1=(k+1)3+3(k+1)2+5(k+1)
=k3+3k2+5k+3k2+9k+9=Ek+3(k2+3k+3)
Theo giả thiết quy nạp thì Ek chia hết 3
ngoài ra 3(k2+3k+3) chia hết 3 nên Ek chia hết 3
=>Ek chia hết 3 với mọi \(n\in N\)*
=(3n+3n)+(3+3)+(5n+5n)+(1+2)
=(3n)2+6+(5n)2+3
=32n2+52n2+6+3
=(9+25)n2+9
=34n2+9
Ta có : \(A=\frac{1}{1\cdot6}+\frac{1}{6\cdot11}+\frac{1}{11\cdot16}+...+\frac{1}{(5n+1)(5n+6)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{5}\cdot\left[\frac{5}{1\cdot6}+\frac{5}{6\cdot11}+\frac{5}{11\cdot16}+...+\frac{5}{(5n+1)(5n+6)}\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{5}\cdot\left[1-\frac{1}{5n+6}\right]=\frac{1}{5}\cdot\frac{5n+6-1}{5n+6}=\frac{1}{5}\cdot\frac{5(n+1)}{5n+6}=\frac{n+1}{5n+6}\)
\(a,5^{n-1}=125\)
\(\Rightarrow5^{n-1}=5^3\)
\(\Rightarrow n-1=3\)
\(\Rightarrow n=3+1\)
\(\Rightarrow n=4\)