Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42
Leisure activity isn’t just for fun, says a University of Florida psychologist who has developed a scale that classifies hobbies and avocations based on needs they satisfy in people. The scale can help people find more personal fulfillment by giving them insight into what they really like and by helping them to find substitutes when they can’t pursue their favorite activities.
“The surprising thing is that activities you might think are very different have similar effects on people” said Howard E.A. Tinsley, a UF psychology professor who developed the measurement. ―Probably no one would consider acting to have the same characteristics as roller-skating or playing baseball, but men and women who act as a hobby report feeling an intense sense of belonging to a group, much the same way others do in playing sports.
And activities providing the strongest sense of competition are not sports, but card, arcade and computer games, he found.
Tinsley, whose research on leisure has been published in several journals, is scheduled this spring to present some of the findings in Milwaukee at a conference of the Society for Vocational Psychology.
Based on surveys with more than 3,000 people about the satisfactions they get from various hobbies, Tinsley obtained numerical scores for values such as “challenge” and “hedonism”, and grouped some 82 leisure activities into 11 categories. For example, dining out and watching movies fall into the “sensual enjoyment” category, playing soccer and attending sports clubs meetings satisfy participants’ desires for a sense of “belongingness” and coin collecting and baking fulfill their need for “creativity”.
“With so many people in jobs they don’t care for, leisure is a prized aspect of people’s lives,” Tinsley said. “Yet it’s not something psychologists really study. Economists tell us how much money people spend skiing, but nobody explains what it is about skiing that is really appealing to people or how one activity relates to another, perhaps in unexpected ways.”
“Fishing, generally considered more of an outdoor or recreational activity, for example, is a form of self-expression like quilting or stamp collecting, because it gives people the opportunity to express themselves by doing something completely different from their daily routine,”he said.
Taking part in sports gives you _________________.
A. the strongest desire to win
B. a need for creativity
C. the chance to express your feelings
D. a sense of being part of a team
A. Games (Trò chơi)
play board games: chơi trò chơi trên bàn
play cards: chơi bài
play chess: chơi cờ
B. Music (Âm nhạc)
- do ballet: múa ballet
- go ballroom dancing: đi tới phòng khiêu vũ
- play a musical instrument: chơi một dụng cụ âm nhạc
C. Computer-based activities (Hoạt động trên máy tính)
- play cards: chơi bài
- go shopping: đi mua sắm
- do photography: chụp ảnh
D. Home-based activities (Hoạt động tại nhà)
- play cards: chơi bài
- play chess: chơi cờ
- do gymnastics: tập thể dục
- do martial arts: tập võ thuật
- do weights: tập tạ
- do photography: chụp ảnh
E. Outdoor leisure activities (Hoạt động giải trí ngoài trời)
- play basketball: chơi bóng rổ
- go camping: cắm trại
- go cycling: đạp xe
- play ice hockey: chơi khúc côn cầu trên băng
- go skateboarding: đi trượt ván
- go rollerblading: đi trượt patin
- go running: chạy bộ
F. Activities and sports you usually do on your own
(Các hoạt động và môn thể thao bạn thường tự làm)
- go cycling: đạp xe
- play a musical instrument: chơi nhạc cụ
- do weights: tập tạ
G. Sports you do with another person or in a team
(Các môn thể thao bạn chơi với người khác hoặc trong một nhóm)
- do ballet: múa ballet
- play basketball: chơi bóng rổ
- play cards: chơi bài
- play chess: chơi cờ
- do drama: diễn kịch
- do martial arts: tập võ thuật
- play a musical instrument: chơi nhạc cụ