Chứng Minh Rằng :A=\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{4^2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{6^2}\)+...+\(\dfrac{1}{1002^2}\)<\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
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\(A=\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+\dfrac{1}{7^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2019^2}>\dfrac{1}{5\cdot6}+\dfrac{1}{6\cdot7}+\dfrac{1}{7\cdot8}+...+\dfrac{1}{2019\cdot2020}=\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{8}+...+\dfrac{1}{2019}-\dfrac{1}{2020}=\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{2020}=\dfrac{404-1}{2020}=\dfrac{403}{2020}>\dfrac{40}{2020}=\dfrac{20}{101}\left(1\right)\) \(A=\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+\dfrac{1}{7^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2019^2}< \dfrac{1}{4\cdot5}+\dfrac{1}{5\cdot6}+\dfrac{1}{6\cdot7}+...+\dfrac{1}{2018\cdot2019}=\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{7}+...+\dfrac{1}{2018}-\dfrac{1}{2019}=\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{2019}=\dfrac{2019-4}{4\cdot2019}=\dfrac{2015}{4\cdot2019}< \dfrac{2019}{4\cdot2019}=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(2\right)\) Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{20}{101}< A< \dfrac{1}{4}\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}=\dfrac{1}{2\cdot2}< \dfrac{1}{1\cdot2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}=\dfrac{1}{3\cdot3}< \dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{4^2}=\dfrac{1}{4\cdot4}< \dfrac{1}{3\cdot4}\)
...
\(\dfrac{1}{9^2}=\dfrac{1}{9\cdot9}< \dfrac{1}{8\cdot9}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{10^2}=\dfrac{1}{10\cdot10}< \dfrac{1}{9\cdot10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{10^2}< \dfrac{1}{1\cdot2}+\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}+\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4}+...+\dfrac{1}{9\cdot10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{9}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1\) (vì: \(\dfrac{9}{10}< 1\))
1/4^2 + 1/5^2 +... + 1/100^2 < 1/3.4 + 1/4.5 +...+ 1/99.100
A=1/3 - 1/4 + 1/4 - 1/5 +...+ 1/99 - 1/100
=1/3 - 1/100 < 1/3
\(S=\dfrac{1}{2^2}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{50^2}\right)\)
Đặt \(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{50^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{49.50}\)
\(A< \dfrac{2-1}{1.2}+\dfrac{3-2}{2.3}+\dfrac{4-3}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{50-49}{49.50}\)
\(A< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+..+\dfrac{1}{49}-\dfrac{1}{50}\)
\(A< 1-\dfrac{1}{50}\Rightarrow A< 1\)
Ta có \(S=\dfrac{1}{2^2}\left(1+A\right)\)
Ta có
\(A< 1\Rightarrow1+A< 2\Rightarrow S< \dfrac{1}{2^2}.2=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{5^2}< \dfrac{1}{4.5}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{6^2}< \dfrac{1}{5.6}\)
......
\(\dfrac{1}{100^2}< \dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+\dfrac{1}{7^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}< \dfrac{1}{4.5}+\dfrac{1}{5.6}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}=\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{6}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}=\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{100}< \dfrac{1}{4}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+\dfrac{1}{7^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}< \dfrac{1}{4.5}+\dfrac{1}{5.6}+\dfrac{1}{6.7}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{7}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{100}< \dfrac{1}{4}\)
A=1/3^2+1/4^2+1/5^2+1/6^2+...+1/100^2<1/2-1/3+1/3-1/4+...+1/99-1/100
=>A<1/2-1/100<1/2
Đặt \(A=\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}< \dfrac{1}{4.5}+\dfrac{1}{5.6}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{6}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{100}< \dfrac{1}{4}\) (đpcm)
A = \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{4^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{6^2}\) + .....+ \(\dfrac{1}{1002^2}\)
A = \(\dfrac{1}{2^2.1^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2^2.2^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2^2.3^2}\)+......+\(\dfrac{1}{2^2.501^2}\)
A = \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) \(\times\)( \(1\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\)+.......+ \(\dfrac{1}{501^2}\))
ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
................
\(\dfrac{1}{501^2}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{500.501}\)
Cộng vế với vế ta được
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\) +.....+ \(\dfrac{1}{501^2}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+.......+\dfrac{1}{500.501}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\) +.....+ \(\dfrac{1}{501^2}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{1}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}\)+.....+ \(\dfrac{1}{500}-\dfrac{1}{501}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\)+......+ \(\dfrac{1}{501^2}\) < 1 - \(\dfrac{1}{501}\) < 1
=>A = \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) \(\times\) ( 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\)+.....+\(\dfrac{1}{501^2}\)) < \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) \(\times\)(1 + 1)
A < \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) \(\times\) 2
A < \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)