Cho x+y+z=0. Rút gọn biểu thức:
K=\(\dfrac{x^{2}+y^{2}+z^{2}}{(y-z)^{2}+(z-x)^{2}+(x-y)^{2}}\)
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\(A=\frac{x^2}{y^2+z^2-x^2}+\frac{y^2}{z^2+x^2-y^2}+\frac{z^2}{x^2+y^2-z^2}\)
\(=\frac{x^2}{y^2+\left(z-x\right)\left(z+x\right)}+\frac{y^2}{z^2+\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{z^2}{x^2+\left(y-z\right)\left(y+z\right)}\left(1\right)\)
Vì \(x+y+z=0\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=-z\\y+z=-x\\x+z=-y\end{cases}\left(2\right)}\)
Lại vì \(x+y+z=0\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}z-x=-2x-y\\x-y=-2y-z\\y-z=-x-2z\end{cases}\left(3\right)}\)
Thay (2) và (3) vào (1) ta được:
\(A=\frac{x^2}{y^2+y^2+2xy}+\frac{y^2}{z^2+z^2+2yz}+\frac{z^2}{x^2+x^2+2xz}\)
\(=\frac{x^2}{2y\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{y^2}{2z\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{z^2}{2x\left(x+z\right)}\left(4\right)\)
Thay (2) vào (4) ta được:
\(A=\frac{x^2}{-2yz}+\frac{y^2}{-2zx}+\frac{z^2}{-2xy}\)
\(=\frac{x^3+y^3+z^3}{-2xyz}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)}{-2xyz}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-z\left(x+y\right)+z^2\right]-3xyz}{-2xyz}\)
\(=\frac{-3xyz}{-2xyz}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy ...
\(A=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2-z^2}{x+y+z}\)
Đk: \(x\ne y\ne z\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x+y-z\right)}{x+y+z}\)
\(=x+y-z\)
\(x+y+z=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2=-2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(P=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)-2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+x^2+y^2+z^2}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(x^2+y^2-z^2=x^2+\left(y-z\right)\left(y+z\right)=x^2-x\left(y-z\right)=x\left(x-y+z\right)=x\left(-y-y\right)=-2xy\)
Tương tự \(x^2+z^2-y^2=-2xz;y^2+z^2-x^2=-2yz\)
Cộng VTV:
\(\Leftrightarrow\text{Biểu thức }=\dfrac{xy}{-2xy}+\dfrac{xz}{-2xz}+\dfrac{yz}{-2yz}=-\dfrac{1}{8}\)
Lời giải:
\(A=\left(\frac{x}{y-z}+\frac{y}{z-x}+\frac{z}{x-y}\right)\left(\frac{1}{y-z}+\frac{1}{z-x}+\frac{1}{x-y}\right)-\frac{x}{(y-z)(z-x)}-\frac{x}{(y-z)(x-y)}-\frac{y}{(z-x)(x-y)}-\frac{y}{(z-x)(y-z)}-\frac{z}{(x-y)(y-z)}-\frac{z}{(x-y)(z-x)}\)
\(=0-\frac{x(x-y)+x(z-x)+y(y-z)+y(x-y)+z(z-x)+z(y-z)}{(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)}\)
\(=0-\frac{x^2+xz+y^2+xy+z^2+zy-(xy+x^2+yz+y^2+zx+z^2)}{(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)}=0-\frac{0}{(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)}=0\)
Ta có: x+y+z=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2xz=0\)(1)
Ta có: \(K=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{x^2-2xy+y^2+y^2-2yz+z^2+z^2-2xz+x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{3x^2+3y^2+3z^2-x^2-y^2-z^2-2xy-2yz-2xz}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)-\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz-2xz\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Vậy: \(K=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(K=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)-2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
\(K=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)-\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)