TÌm Min và Max:
A= (x+1)2 + (x+2)2
B= -2x2 - 4
C= -5x2 + 10x - 7
D= x2 + 2y2 + 2xy - y + 1
E= 2x2 - 4x - 2xy + y2 - 1
F= (1-x) . (x+2) . (x+3) . (x+6)
G= x2 + xy
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\(B=2x^2-4x-8=2\left(x^2-2x-4\right)\)
\(=2\left(x^2-2x+1-5\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(x-1\right)^2-5\right]\)
\(=2\left(x-1\right)^2-10\ge-10\)
Vậy \(B_{min}=-10\Leftrightarrow x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
\(F=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x+4\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
Đặt \(x^2+5x+4=t\)
\(\RightarrowĐT=t\left(t+2\right)=t^2+2t+1-1\)
\(=\left(t+1\right)^2-1\ge-1\)
hay \(\left(x^2+5x+5\right)^2-1\ge-1\)
Vậy \(F_{min}=-1\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+\frac{25}{4}-\frac{5}{4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2=\frac{5}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+\frac{5}{2}=\sqrt{\frac{5}{4}}\\x+\frac{5}{2}=-\sqrt{\frac{5}{4}}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\sqrt{\frac{5}{4}}-\frac{5}{2}\\x=-\sqrt{\frac{5}{4}}-\frac{5}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(G=4x-x^2=-\left(x^2-4x+4-4\right)\)
\(=-\left[\left(x-2\right)^2-4\right]=-\left(x-2\right)^2+4\le4\)
Vậy \(G_{max}=4\Leftrightarrow x-2=0\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
\(H=25-x-5x^2=-5\left(x^2+\frac{x}{5}-5\right)\)
\(=-5\left(x^2+2x.\frac{1}{10}+\frac{1}{100}-\frac{501}{100}\right)\)
\(=-5\left[\left(x+\frac{1}{10}\right)^2-\frac{501}{100}\right]\)
\(=-5\left(x+\frac{1}{10}\right)^2+\frac{101}{20}\le\frac{101}{2}\)
Vậy \(H_{max}=\frac{101}{2}\Leftrightarrow x+\frac{1}{10}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{10}\)
c: \(=\dfrac{x^3+2x^2+x^2+2x-10x-20}{x+2}\)
\(=x^2+x-10\)
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a.
$12x^3y-24x^2y^2+12xy^3=12xy(x^2-2xy+y^2)=12xy(x-y)^2$
b.
$x^2-6x+xy-6y=(x^2+xy)-(6x+6y)=x(x+y)-6(x+y)=(x-6)(x+y)$
c.
$2x^2+2xy-x-y=2x(x+y)-(x+y)=(x+y)(2x-1)$
d.
$x^3-3x^2+3x-1=(x-1)^3$
e.
$3x^2-3y^2-12x-12y=(3x^2-3y^2)-(12x+12y)$
$=3(x-y)(x+y)-12(x+y)=(x+y)[3(x-y)-12]=3(x-y)(x-y-4)$
f.
$x^2-2xy-x^2+4y^2=4y^2-2xy=2y(2y-x)$
1.
\(a,\left(-xy\right)\left(-2x^2y+3xy-7x\right)\)
\(=2x^3y^2-3x^2y^2+7x^2y\)
\(b,\left(\dfrac{1}{6}x^2y^2\right)\left(-0,3x^2y-0,4xy+1\right)\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{20}x^4y^3-\dfrac{1}{15}x^3y^3+\dfrac{1}{6}x^2y^2\)
\(c,\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3\)
\(=x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3\)
\(d,\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^3\)
\(=x^3-3x^2y+3xy^2-y^3\)
2.
\(a,\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=x^3-y^3\)
\(b,\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=x^3+y^3\)
\(c,\left(4x-1\right)\left(6y+1\right)-3x\left(8y+\dfrac{4}{3}\right)\)
\(=24xy+4x-6y-1-24xy-4x\)
\(=\left(24xy-24xy\right)+\left(4x-4x\right)-6y-1\)
\(=-6y-1\)
#Toru
Bài 2:
a: \(=\dfrac{4x^2+3-19}{x-2}=\dfrac{4x^2-16}{x-2}=\dfrac{4\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}{x-2}=4x+8\)
b: \(=\dfrac{2x}{x^2+2xy}+\dfrac{y}{xy-2y^2}+\dfrac{4}{x^2-4y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{x+2y}-\dfrac{1}{x-2y}+\dfrac{4}{\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x-4y-x-2y+4}{\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-6y+4}{\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y\right)}\)
\(A=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(x+2\right)^2=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(-2-x\right)^2\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(x+1-2-x\right)^2=\frac{1}{2}.1^2=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow A_{min}=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(B=-2x^2-4\le0-4=-4\Rightarrow B_{max}=-4\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
\(C=-5x^2+10x-7=-5x^2+10x-5-2=-5\left(x-1\right)^2-2\le0-2=-2\Rightarrow C_{min}=-2\Leftrightarrow x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)