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$n_{Ba} = n_{Ba(OH)_2} = 0,12(mol)$
$n_{H_2} = \dfrac{1,12}{22,4} = 0,05(mol)$
Gọi $n_{Na} = a ; n_O = b$
Ta có :
$23a + 16b + 0,12.137 = 21,1$
Bảo toàn electron : $a + 0,12.2 = 2b + 0,05.2$
Suy ra $a = \dfrac{177}{1550} ; b = \dfrac{197}{1550}$
Suy ra $m_{NaOH} = \dfrac{177}{1550}.40 = 4,57(gam)$
2Na+2H2O->2NaOH+H2
0,5-----0,5-----------0,5----0,25
Na2O+H2O->2NaOH
0,1--------0,1-----------0,2
n H2=0,25 mol
=>m Na =0,5.23=11,5g
=>m Na2O=6,2g=>n Na2O=0,1 mol
=>m NaOH=0,7.40=28g
=>VH2O=0,6.22,4=13,44l
PTHH: \(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\uparrow\) (1)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\) (2)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\) (3)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na}=2n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=2\cdot\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=n_{H_2\left(3\right)}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot23}{16,4}\cdot100\%\approx28,05\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,05\cdot56}{16,4}\cdot100\%\approx17,07\%\\\%m_{Na_2O}=54,88\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
nH2 = 13,44/22,4 = 0,6 (mol)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
nHCl = 0,6 . 2 = 1,2 (mol)
mHCl = 1,2 . 36,5 = 43,8 (g)
nMg = 0,6 (mol)
mMg = 0,6 . 24 = 14,4 (g)
Không thấy mhh để tính%
nH2 = 2.24/22.4 = 0.1 (mol)
Na + H2O => NaOH + 1/2 H2
0.2....................0.2..........0.1
mNa = 0.2 * 23 = 4.6 (g)
mNa2O = 17 - 4.6 = 12.4 (g)
nNa2O = 12.4/62 = 0.2 (mol)
Na2O + H2O => 2NaOH
0.2........................0.4
nNaOH = 0.2 + 0.4 = 0.6 (mol)
mNaOH = 0.6 * 40 = 24 (g)
nCuO = 24/80 = 0.3 (mol)
CuO + H2 -t0-> Cu + H2O
1...........1
0.3.........0.1
LTL : 0.3/1 > 0.1/1
=> CuO dư
nCu = nH2 = 0.1 (mol)
mCu = 0.1 * 64 = 6.4 (g)
a, \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
b, Dung dịch Y chứa NaOH.
- Cách nhận biết: Nhỏ vài giọt dd vào quỳ tím thấy quỳ chuyển xanh.
c, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Na}=2n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{0,2.23}{10,8}.100\%\approx42,59\%\\\%m_{Na_2O}\approx57,41\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Mg}=0,6.24=14,4\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{Cu}=50-14,4=35,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Mg=\dfrac{14,4}{50}.100=28,8\%\\\%Cu=\dfrac{35,6}{50}.100=71,2\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n\)H2 =\(\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}\) =0,6(mol)
PTHH:
Mg +HCl →MgCl2 + H2
0,6 mol ←0,6 mol
a) \(m\)Mg =0,6. 24 =14,4(g)
\(m\)Cu= 50- 14,4= 35,6(g)
b)\(m\)%Mg= \(\dfrac{14,4}{50}\).100%= 28,8%
\(m\)%Cu=100%- 28,8%= 71,2%
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Na}=2n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Na}=0,1.23=2,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Na_2O}=8,5-2,3=6,2\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}+2n_{Na_2O}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,3.40=12\left(g\right)\)