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\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
a 0,4 0,2 1a
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
b 0,3 0,15 1b
a) Gọi a là số mol của Mg
b là số mol của Fe
\(m_{Mg}+m_{Fe}=13,2\left(g\right)\)
⇒ \(n_{Mg}.M_{Mg}+n_{Fe}.M_{Fe}=13,2g\)
⇒ 24a + 56b = 13,2g (1)
Theo phương trình : 1a + 1b = 0,35(2)
Từ(1),(2), ta có hệ phương trình :
24a + 56b = 13,2g
1a + 1b = 0,35
⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
0/0Mg = \(\dfrac{4,8.100}{13,2}=36,36\)0/0
0/0Fe = \(\dfrac{8,4.100}{13,2}=63,64\)0/0
b) \(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,4+0,3=0,7\left(mol\right)\)
200ml = 0,2l
\(C_{M_{ddHCl}}=\dfrac{0,7}{0,2}=3,5\left(M\right)\)
c) \(m_{muối.clorua}=\left(0,2.95\right)+\left(0,15.127\right)=38,05\left(g\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
nH2=6,72/22,4=0,3 mol
Mg + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) MgCl + H2
a a mol
Fe + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) FeCl2 +H2
b b mol
ta có 24a + 56b =13,6
và a + b=0,3
=>a=0,1 mol , b=0,2 mol
=>mMg=0,2*24=2,4 g
=>%Mg=2,48100/13,6=17,65%
=>%Fe=100-17,65=82,35%
nMgCl2=nMg=0,1mol=>mMgCl2=0,1*95=9,5 g
nFeCl2=nFe=0,2 mol=>mFeCl2 = 0,2*127=25,4 g
nHCl=nMg+nFe=0,1+0,2=0,3mol
=>CMHCl=0,3/0,4=0,75M
a)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Fe:a\left(mol\right)\\Al:b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)⇒ 56a + 27b = 1,93(1)
\(Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ 2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\)
Theo PTHH : a + 1,5b = \(\dfrac{1,456}{22,4} = 0,065\)(2)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,02 ; b = 0,03
Vậy :
\(\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,02.56}{1,93}.100\% = 58,03\%\\ \%m_{Al} = 100\% - 58,03\% = 41,97\%\)
b)
\(C_{M_{FeCl_2}} = \dfrac{0,02}{0,2} = 0,1M\\ C_{M_{AlCl_3}} = \dfrac{0,03}{0,2} = 0,15M\)
c)
\(n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,065.2 = 0,13(mol)\\ a = \dfrac{0,13}{0,2} = 0,65(M)\)
\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{12,32}{22,4}=0,55mol\)
\(2Fe+6H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6H_2O+3SO_2\uparrow\)
x 3x 0,5x 3x 1,5x
\(2Ag+2H_2SO_4\rightarrow2H_2O+SO_2\uparrow+Ag_2SO_4\)
y y y 0,5y 0,5y
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1,5x+0,5y=0,55\\56x+108y=38,4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,3\cdot56}{38,4}\cdot100\%=43,75\%\)
\(\%m_{Ag}=100\%-43,75\%=56,25\%\)
b)\(m_{muối}=m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}+m_{Ag_2SO_4}\)
\(\Rightarrow muối=0,5\cdot0,3\cdot400+0,5\cdot0,2\cdot312=91,2g\)
c)Cho hỗn hợp trên tác dụng \(H_2SO_4\) loãng chỉ có Fe tác dụng.
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
0,3 0,3 0,3
\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5M\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72l\)
a, Ta có: 24nMg + 56nFe = 9,2 (g) (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
BT e, có: 2nMg + 2nFe = 2nH2 = 0,5 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,15.24}{9,2}.100\%\approx39,13\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx60,87\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, BTNT H, có: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,2}=2,5\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:a=n_{Mg}\left(mol\right);b=n_{Zn}\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ PTHH:Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\\ Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+65b=18,5\\a+b=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,5\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ a,\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,5.24=12\left(g\right);m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\\ b,\%,m_{Mg}=\dfrac{12}{18,5}.100\approx64,865\%\Rightarrow\%m_{Zn}\approx35,135\%\\ c,n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow C_{MddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,245}=\dfrac{120}{49}\left(M\right)\\ d,m_{MgSO_4}=120a=120.0,5=60\left(g\right)\\ m_{ZnSO_4}=161b=161.0,1=16,1\left(g\right)\)
e) Câu e cho thêm cái D nữa nha em!
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ Đặt:n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,16}{22,4}=0,09\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow \left\{{}\begin{matrix}1,5a+b=0,09\\27a+56b=2,76\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,04\\b=0,03\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,04.27}{2,76}.100\approx39,13\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}\approx100\%-39,13\%\approx60,87\%\)
\(b,V_{ddsau}=V_{ddHCl}=0,2\left(l\right)\\ n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,04\left(mol\right);n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,03\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow C_{MddFeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,03}{0,2}=0,15\left(M\right)\\ C_{MddAlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,2}=0,2\left(M\right)\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
\(x\) \(1,5x\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
\(y\) \(y\)
Có \(27x+56y=2,76\left(1\right)\)
\(1,5x+y=\dfrac{2,016}{22,4}=0,09\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,04\\y=0,03\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,04\cdot27}{2,76}\cdot100\%=39,13\%\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=100\%-39,13\%=60,87\%\)