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2. \(|x| +|x-1| ≤ 5 \\ \Leftrightarrow |x| + |x-1| ≤ \dfrac{5}{2}\)
| \(-∞\) | \(0\) | \(1\) | \(+∞\) | |
| \(|x|\) | \(-x\) | \(x\) | \(x\) | \(x\) |
| \(|x-1|\) | \(1-x\) | \(1-x\) | \(x-1\) | \(x-1\) |
| \(|x|+|x-1|\) | \(1-2x\) | \(1\) | \(2x-1\) | \(2x-1\) |
TH1: \(1-2x ≤ \dfrac{5}{2} \Leftrightarrow x ≥ \dfrac{-3}{4}\)
TH2: \(2x-1 ≤ \dfrac{5}{2} \Leftrightarrow x ≤ \dfrac{7}{4}\)
Vậy....
\(a)\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x-3\right)\ge0.\)
Đặt \(f\left(x\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x-3\right).\)
Ta có: \(x-2=0.\Leftrightarrow x=2.\\ x^2+2x-3=0.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1.\\x=-3.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bảng xét dấu:
x \(-\infty\) -3 1 2 \(+\infty\)
\(x-2\) - | - | - 0 +
\(x^2+2x-3\) + 0 - 0 + | +
\(f\left(x\right)\) - 0 + 0 - 0 +
Vậy \(f\left(x\right)\ge0.\Leftrightarrow x\in\left[-3;1\right]\cup[2;+\infty).\)
\(b)\dfrac{x^2-9}{-x+5}< 0.\)
Đặt \(g\left(x\right)=\dfrac{x^2-9}{-x+5}.\)
Ta có: \(x^2-9=0.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3.\\x=-3.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(-x+5=0.\Leftrightarrow x=5.\)
Bảng xét dấu:
x \(-\infty\) -3 3 5 \(+\infty\)
\(x^2-9\) + 0 - 0 + | +
\(-x+5\) + | + | + 0 -
\(g\left(x\right)\) + 0 - 0 + || -
Vậy \(g\left(x\right)< 0.\Leftrightarrow x\in\left(-3;3\right)\cup\left(5;+\infty\right).\)
\(\left|2x+1\right|=5\)
\(\Rightarrow2x+1=\pm5\)
+) \(2x+1=5\Rightarrow2x=4\Rightarrow x=2\)
+) \(2x+1=-5\Rightarrow2x=-6\Rightarrow x=-3\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{2;-3\right\}\)
\(\left|2x+1\right|=5\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\begin{matrix}2x+1=5\\2x+1=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\begin{matrix}2x=5-1\\2x=-5-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\begin{matrix}2x=4\\2x=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\begin{matrix}x=4:2\\x=-6:2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy : \(\left[\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x+4\right|-\left|1-x\right|=-3\)
Điều kiện: \(x\ge-1\)
PT \(\Rightarrow-2x-2\le x^2-2x-3\le2x+2\)
+) Xét \(x^2-2x-3\ge-2x-2\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\le-1\\x\ge1\end{matrix}\right.\)
+) Xét \(x^2-2x-3\le2x+2\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\le-1\\x\ge5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in(-\infty;-1]\cup[-5;+\infty)\)