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\(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{BN}+\overrightarrow{CP}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BC}+\overrightarrow{CA}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{CA}\right)\)
=0
a: \(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{BN}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BC}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
b: \(=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BA}\)
\(=\overrightarrow{AC}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BA}\)
c: \(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{BN}+\overrightarrow{CP}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BC}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{CA}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{CA}\right)=\overrightarrow{0}\)
Theo tính chất trọng tâm ta có: \(\overrightarrow{AG}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AM}\)
Mặt khác AM là trung tuyến nên: \(\overrightarrow{AM}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AG}=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\Rightarrow3\overrightarrow{AG}=\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}\) (1)
K là trung điểm AB, N là trung điểm AC nên: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\overrightarrow{AK}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}\\\overrightarrow{AN}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\overrightarrow{AB}=2\overrightarrow{AK}\\\overrightarrow{AC}=2\overrightarrow{AN}\end{matrix}\right.\) (2)
(1);(2) \(\Rightarrow3\overrightarrow{AG}=2\left(\overrightarrow{AK}+\overrightarrow{AN}\right)\)
a: \(\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BC}\)
\(=\overrightarrow{CB}+\overrightarrow{BC}\)
\(=\overrightarrow{0}\)
b: \(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{AP}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot2\cdot\overrightarrow{AN}=\overrightarrow{AN}\)
Do BN là trung tuyến
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\overrightarrow{AM}=\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BM}\\\overrightarrow{BN}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BC}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\overrightarrow{AM}=\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BC}\\2\overrightarrow{BN}=\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BC}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(\overrightarrow{AM}+2\overrightarrow{BN}=\dfrac{3}{2}\overrightarrow{BC}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{BC}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AM}+\dfrac{4}{3}\overrightarrow{BN}\)
Do M là trung điểm BC nên: \(\overrightarrow{AM}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
Tương tự: \(\overrightarrow{BN}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BC}\) ; \(\overrightarrow{CP}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{CA}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{CB}\)
Cộng vế:
\(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{BN}+\overrightarrow{CP}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BC}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{CA}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{CB}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BA}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{CA}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{BC}+\overrightarrow{CB}\right)=\overrightarrow{0}\)
b. Từ câu a ta có:
\(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{BN}+\overrightarrow{CP}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{AO}+\overrightarrow{OM}+\overrightarrow{BO}+\overrightarrow{ON}+\overrightarrow{CO}+\overrightarrow{OP}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\overrightarrow{OA}+\overrightarrow{OM}-\overrightarrow{OB}+\overrightarrow{ON}-\overrightarrow{OC}+\overrightarrow{OP}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{OA}+\overrightarrow{OB}+\overrightarrow{OC}=\overrightarrow{OM}+\overrightarrow{ON}+\overrightarrow{OP}\) (đpcm)
a.
\(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{BN}+\overrightarrow{CP}=\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}+\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BA}+\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BC}+\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{CA}+\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{CB}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BA}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{BC}+\overrightarrow{CB}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{CA}\right)=\overrightarrow{0}\)
b.
Ta có:
\(\overrightarrow{GM}+\overrightarrow{GN}+\overrightarrow{GP}=\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{BN}+\overrightarrow{GC}+\overrightarrow{CP}\)
\(=\left(\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GC}\right)+\left(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{BN}+\overrightarrow{CP}\right)=\overrightarrow{0}+\overrightarrow{0}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Rightarrow G\) là trọng tâm tam giác MNP
Câu a, 1/2 AC hay 1/2 BC