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Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=\dfrac{59,2+8}{2}=33,6\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=59,2-33,6=25,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{33,6}{56}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu}=\dfrac{25,6}{64}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
\(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}3Fe+4H_2O\)
0,8<----0,3
\(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
0,4<---0,4
`=> V_{H_2} = (0,4 + 0,8).22,4 = 26,88 (l)`
a) Gọi \(n_{Cu}=a\left(mol\right)\rightarrow n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{2}a=1,5a\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
a<------a<------a
\(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}3Fe+4H_2O\)
0,5a<-----2a<------1,5a
\(\rightarrow80a+0,5a.232=39,2\\ \Leftrightarrow a=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=0,2.80=16\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe_3O_4}=0,5.0,2.232=23,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(V_{H_2}=\left(0,2.2+0,2\right).22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
a) PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=0,8\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,8}{2}=0,4\left(l\right)\)
b) PTHH: \(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=\dfrac{24}{80}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Hidro còn dư, CuO p/ứ hết
\(\Rightarrow n_{Cu}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,3\cdot64=19,2\left(g\right)\)
a) Đặt \(n_{Cu}=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow n_{Fe}=1,5a\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}3Fe+4H_2O\)
0,5a<---2a<------1,5a
\(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
a------>a------->a
Theo bài ra, ta có PT: \(0,5a.232+80a=39,2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_3O_4}=0,5.0,2.232=23,2\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=0,2.80=16\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(V_{H_2}=\left(0,2.2+0,2\right).22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{Cu}=12g\Rightarrow n_{Cu}=\dfrac{12}{64}=0,1875mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=m_{kl}-m_{Cu}=24-12=12g\Rightarrow n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{14}mol\)
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
\(\dfrac{12}{64}\) \(\dfrac{12}{64}\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O\)
\(\dfrac{9}{28}\) \(\dfrac{3}{14}\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{H_2}=\dfrac{12}{64}+\dfrac{9}{28}=\dfrac{57}{112}mol\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=\dfrac{57}{112}\cdot22,4=11,4l\)
a)
2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O --> 2NaAlO2 + 3H2
2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b)\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{9,6}{32}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) => \(n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O --> 2NaAlO2 + 3H2
0,2<---------------------------------------0,3
=> nAl = 0,2 (mol)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,2---------------------->0,3
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
0,1<---------------------0,1
=> a = 0,2.27 + 0,1.56 = 11(g)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{11}.100\%=49,09\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{11}.100\%=50,91\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
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\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right);n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{98}{98}=1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Xét tỉ lệ \(\dfrac{0,4}{2}< \dfrac{1}{3}\) => Al hết, H2SO4 dư
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
_____0,4--->0,6------------------------->0,6
=> nH2SO4 dư = 1-0,6=0,4(mol)
=> VH2 = 0,6.22,4 = 13,44(l)
\(m_{Cu}=\dfrac{29,6-4}{2}=12,8(g)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe}=12,8+4=16,8(g)\\ PTHH:CuO+H_2\xrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\\ Fe_3O_4+4H_2\xrightarrow{t^o}3Fe+4H_2O\\ \Rightarrow \Sigma n_{H_2}=n_{Cu}+3n_{Fe}=\dfrac{12,8}{64}+\dfrac{3}{4}.\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,6(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44(l)\)