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\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25(mol)\\ a,PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(b,\) Đặt \(n_{Fe}=x(mol);n_{Al}=y(mol)\)
\(\Rightarrow 56x+27y=8,3(1)\)
Theo PTHH: \(x+1,5y=0,25(2)\)
\((1)(2)\Rightarrow x=y=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{8,3}.100\%=67,47\%\\ \%_{Al}=100\%-67,47\%=32,53\%\)
a)
\(CuO + H_2\xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O\\ Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Fe + 3H_2O\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ b) n_{Fe} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{2,24}{22,4} = 0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cu} = \dfrac{12-0,1,56}{64}=0,1(mol)\\ n_{Fe_2O_3} = \dfrac{n_{Fe}}{2} = 0,05(mol)\\ n_{CuO} = n_{Cu} = 0,1(mol)\\ \%m_{Fe_2O_3} =\dfrac{0,05.160}{0,05.160 + 0,1.80}.100\% = 50\%\\ \%m_{CuO} = 50\%\)
\(c) n_{H_2} = 3n_{Fe_2O_3} + n_{CuO} = 0,05.3 + 0,1 = 0,25(mol)\\ V_{H_2} = 0,25.22,4 = 5,6(lít)\)
\(d) n_{H_2O} = n_{H_2} = 0,25(mol)\\ m_{H_2O} = 0,25.18 = 4,5(gam)\)
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Mol: x 1,5x
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
Mol: y y
b, Ta có hpt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=11\\1,5x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27.100\%}{11}=49,09\%\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=100\%-49,09\%=50,91\%\)
c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{1}\) ⇒ CuO hết, H2 dư
PTHH: CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O
Mol: 0,2 0,2
\(m_{Cu}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
Gọi \(m_{Al}=a\left(g\right)\left(0< a< 11\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_{Fe}=11-a\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{a}{27}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11-a}{56}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(\dfrac{a}{27}\) \(\dfrac{a}{18}\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(\dfrac{11-a}{56}\) \(\dfrac{11-a}{56}\)
\(\rightarrow pt:\dfrac{a}{18}+\dfrac{11-a}{56}=0,4\\ \Leftrightarrow m_{Al}=a=5,4\left(g\right)\left(TM\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{11}=49,1\%\\\%m_{Fe}=100\%-49,1\%=50,9\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
LTL: \(0,2< 0,4\rightarrow\) H2 dư
\(n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
Gọi CT oxit sắt là FexOy
Gọi nCu=a(mol)
nH2=\(\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}\)=0,3(mol)
FexOy+yH2to→xFe+yH2O(1)
Fe+2HCl→FeCl2+H2(2)
Theo pthh(2)
nFe=nH2=0,3(mol)
Theo pthh(1)
nFexOy=\(\dfrac{0,3}{x}\)(mol)
Ta có: 64a+56.0,3=29,6
⇒a=0,2(mol)
⇒mCu=0,2.64=12,8(g)
⇒mFexOy=36−12,8=23,2(g)
=>MFexOy= \(\dfrac{\dfrac{23,2}{0,3}}{x}\)=\(\dfrac{232x}{3}\)
=>56x+16y=\(\dfrac{232x}{3}\)
=>\(\dfrac{64x}{3}=16y\)
->\(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
⇒CTHH:Fe3O4
Ta có :
%m Cu=\(\dfrac{12,8}{36}100\)=35,56%
=>%m Fe3O4=100%-35,56%=64,44%
Phần 1 :
$m_{Cu} = 0,4(gam)$
Gọi $n_{Fe} = a ; n_{Al} = b \Rightarrow 56a + 27b + 0,4 = 1,5 : 2 = 0,75(1)$
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
$n_{H_2} = a + 1,5b = \dfrac{896}{1000.22,4} = 0,04(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = -0,025 < 0$
$\to$ Sai đề
a, PT: \(R+H_2SO_4\rightarrow RSO_4+H_2\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(l\right)\)
Theo ĐLBT KL, có: mKL + mH2SO4 = m muối + mH2
⇒ m muối = 7,8 + 0,4.98 - 0,4.2 = 46,2 (g)
c, Gọi: nR = x (mol) → nAl = 2x (mol)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_R+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=x+\dfrac{3}{2}.2x=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow x=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ nR = 0,1 (mol)
nAl = 0,1.2 = 0,2 (mol)
⇒ 0,1.MR + 0,2.27 = 7,8 ⇒ MR = 24 (g/mol)
Vậy: R là Mg.
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{15,68}{22,4}=0,7\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=200.27,375\%=54,75\left(g\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{54,75}{36,5}=1,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
a ----> 2a --------> a -----> a
Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
b ---> 2b -------> b ------> b
Hệ pt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65a+56b=43,7\\a+b=0,7\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,5\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=0,5.65=32,5\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{dd}=43,7+200-0,7.2=242,3\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,5.136}{242,3}=28,06\%\\C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.127}{242,3}=10,48\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{\left(1,5-0,5.2-0,2.2\right).36,5}{242,3}=1,51\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{15,68}{22,4}=0,7\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Zn+H_2SO_4->ZnSO_4+H_2\\Fe+H_2SO_4->FeSO_{\text{ 4 }}+H_2\end{matrix}\right.\)
gọi số mol Zn là x , số mol Fe là y
=> 65x+56y=43,7
=> a+b=0,7
=>a=0,5 , b =0,2
=> \(m_{Zn}=0,5.65=32,5\\ m_{Fe}=43,7-32,5=11,2\left(G\right)\)
a)
2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O --> 2NaAlO2 + 3H2
2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b)\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{9,6}{32}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) => \(n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O --> 2NaAlO2 + 3H2
0,2<---------------------------------------0,3
=> nAl = 0,2 (mol)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,2---------------------->0,3
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
0,1<---------------------0,1
=> a = 0,2.27 + 0,1.56 = 11(g)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{11}.100\%=49,09\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{11}.100\%=50,91\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
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