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a) Đặt A = \(6^5.5-3^5\)
\(=\left(2.3\right)^5.5-3^5\)
\(=2^5.3^5.5-3^5\)
\(=3^5.\left(2^5.5-1\right)\)
\(=3^5.\left(32.5-1\right)\)
\(=3^5.159\)
\(=3^5.3.53⋮53\)
Vậy \(A⋮53\)
b) Đặt \(B=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{120}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{119}+2^{120}\right)\)
\(=2.\left(1+2\right)+2^3.\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{119}.\left(1+2\right)\)
\(=2.3+2^3.3+...+2^{119}.3\)
\(=3.\left(2+2^3+...+2^{59}\right)⋮3\)
Vậy \(B⋮3\)
\(B=\left(2+2^2+2^3\right)+\left(2^4+2^5+2^6\right)+...+\left(2^{118}+2^{119}+2^{120}\right)\)
\(=2.\left(1+2+2^2\right)+3^4.\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{118}.\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(=2.7+2^4.7+...+2^{118}.7\)
\(=7.\left(2+2^4+...+2^{118}\right)⋮7\)
Vậy \(B⋮7\)
\(B=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5\right)+\left(2^6+2^7+2^8+2^9+2^{10}\right)\)
\(+...+\left(2^{116}+2^{117}+2^{118}+2^{119}+2^{120}\right)\)
\(=2.\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+2^6.\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)\)
\(+2^{116}.\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)\)
\(=2.31+2^6.31+...+2^{116}.31\)
\(=31.\left(2+2^6+...+2^{116}\right)⋮31\)
Vậy \(B⋮31\)
\(B=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5+2^6+2^7+2^8\right)+\left(2^9+2^{10}+2^{11}+2^{12}+2^{13}+2^{14}+2^{15}+2^{16}\right)\)
\(+...+\left(2^{113}+2^{114}+2^{115}+2^{116}+2^{117}+2^{118}+2^{119}+2^{120}\right)\)
\(=2.\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5+2^6+2^7\right)+2^9.\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5+2^6+2^7\right)\)
\(+...+2^{113}.\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5+2^6+2^7\right)\)
\(=2.255+2^9.255+...+2^{113}.255\)
\(=255.\left(2+2^9+...+2^{113}\right)\)
\(=17.15.\left(2+2^9+...+2^{113}\right)⋮17\)
Vậy \(B⋮17\)
c) Đặt C = \(3^{4n+1}+2^{4n+1}\)
Ta có:
\(3^{4n+1}=\left(3^4\right)^n.3\)
\(2^{4n}=\left(2^4\right)^n.2\)
\(3^4\equiv1\left(mod10\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3^4\right)^n\equiv1^n\left(mod10\right)\equiv1\left(mod10\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3^{4n+1}\equiv\left(3^4\right)^n.3\left(mod10\right)\equiv1.3\left(mod10\right)\equiv3\left(mod10\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Chữ số tận cùng của \(3^{4n+1}\) là \(3\)
\(2^4\equiv6\left(mod10\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2^4\right)^n\equiv6^n\left(mod10\right)\equiv6\left(mod10\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2^{4n+1}\equiv\left(2^4\right)^n.2\left(mod10\right)\equiv6.2\left(mod10\right)\equiv2\left(mod10\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Chữ số tận cùng của \(2^{4n+1}\) là \(2\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Chữ số tận cùng của C là 5
\(\Rightarrow C⋮5\)
Bài 1 : \(A=1+3+3^2+...+3^{31}\)
a. \(A=\left(1+3+3^2\right)+...+3^9.\left(1.3.3^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=13+3^9.13\)
\(\Rightarrow A=13.\left(1+...+3^9\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A⋮13\)
b. \(A=\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+3^8.\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=40+...+3^8.40\)
\(\Rightarrow A=40.\left(1+...+3^8\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A⋮40\)
Bài 2:
Ta có: \(C=3+3^2+3^4+...+3^{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow C=(3+3^2+3^3+3^4)+...+(3^{97}+3^{98}+3^{99}+3^{100})\)
\(\Rightarrow3.(1+3+3^2+3^3)+...+3^{97}.(1+3+3^2+3^3)\)
\(\Rightarrow3.40+...+3^{97}.40\)
Vì tất cả các số hạng của biểu thức C đều chia hết cho 40
\(\Rightarrow C⋮40\)
Vậy \(C⋮40\)
4 + 42+43+44+45+....+419+420
=(4 + 4^2 )+( 4^3+4^4) +...+(4^19 + 4^20)
=4.(1 + 4 ) + 43 . ( 1 + 4 ) + ... + 418 . ( 1 + 4 )
= 4 . 5 + 43 . 5 + ... + 418 .5
= ( 4 + 43 + 418) . 5
=> 4 + 42+43+44+45+....+419+420 chia hết cho 5
Chúc bạn học tốt !
B=25.3.(42003+42002+22001+.......+42+4+1)+25
B=25.[4.(42003+42002+22001+.......+42+4+1)-(42003+42002+22001+.......+42+4+1)]+25
B=25.[(42004+42003+42002+22001+.......+42+4)-(42003+42002+22001+.......+42+4+1)]+25
B=25.(42004-1)+25
B=25.(42004-1+1)
B=25.42004
B=25.4.42003
B=100.42003
\(\Rightarrow\)B chia hết cho 100
A=75(4^2004+4^2003+...+4^24+1)+25= 75(4^2004+4^2003+...+4^24)+75+25=
=75(4^2004+4^2003+...+4^24)+100= 75*4(4^2003+4^2002...+4^23)+100=
= 300(4^2003+4^2002...+4^23)+100= 100[3(4^2003+4^2002...+4^23)+1] chia het cho 100.
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