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nAl=\(\dfrac{5,4}{27}\)=0,2 mol
2Al+3H2SO4→Al2(SO4)3+3H2
0,2-----0,3---------0,1-----------0,3
=>VH2=0,3.22,4=6,72l
=>CMH2SO4=\(\dfrac{0,3}{0,1}\)=3M
=>CM Al2(SO4)3=\(\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}\)=1M
a)Đổi \(V_{H_2SO_4}=100ml=0,1l\)
Số mol của 2,7 gam Al:
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)3+3H_2\)
Tỉ lệ 2 : 3 : 1 : 3
0,1 -> 0,15 : 0,05 : 0,15(mol)
Nồng độ mol của dung dịch H2SO4:
\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{n_{H_2SO_4}}{V_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,1}=1,5\left(M\right)\)
b) thể tích của 0,15 mol H2:
\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
c) nồng độ mol của dd \(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\) :
\(C_{M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,1}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.3=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,3.136=40,8\left(g\right)\)
nAl = 5.4 / 27 = 0.2 (mol)
2Al + 6HCl => 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0.2......0.6............0.2.......0.3
a) VH2 = 0.3 * 22.4 = 6.72 (l)
b) mAlCl3 = 0.2 * 133.5 = 26.7 (g)
c) VddHCl = 0.6 / 1.5 = 0.4 (l)
d) CMAlCl3 = 0.2 / 0.4 = 0.5 (M)
PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{AlCl_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\m_{AlCl_3}=0,2\cdot133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\\V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{1,5}=0,4\left(l\right)=400\left(ml\right)\\C_{M_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a,n_{CuO}=\dfrac{4}{80}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
0,05---->0,1------>0,1
\(\rightarrow x=C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,1.36,5}{200}.100\%=1,825\%\)
\(b,\) PTHH: \(CuCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+2NaCl\)
0,05----->0,1-------->0,05----------->0,1
\(\rightarrow m_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,1.40}{10\%}=40\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow m_{dd\left(sau.pư\right)}=40+200+4-0,05.98=239,1\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,1.58,5}{239,1}.100\%=2,45\%\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{4}{80}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:CuO+HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
0,05 0,05 0,05 0,05
\(x=C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,05.36,5}{200}.100\%=0,9125\%\\
pthh:CuCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
\(a) n_{Fe_2O_3}= \dfrac{8}{160} = 0,05(mol)\\ Fe_2O_3 + 6HCl \to 2FeCl_3 + 3H_2O\\ n_{FeCl_3} = 2n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,1(mol)\\ m_{FeCl_3} = 0,1.162,5 = 16,25(gam)\\ b) n_{HCl} = 6n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,05.6 = 0,3(mol)\\ V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,3}{0,5} = 0,6(lít)\\ c) V_{dd\ sau\ pư} = V_{dd\ HCl} =0,6(lít)\\ C_{M_{FeCl_3}} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,6} = 0,167M\)
PTHH:\(Fe_2O_3+HCl\rightarrow FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{8}{160}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
a, Bảo toàn nguyên tố Fe:
\(n_{FeCl_3}=n_{Fe}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=2.0,05=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_3}=162,5.0,1=16,25\left(g\right)\)
b, Bảo toàn nguyên tố Cl:
\(n_{Hcl}=n_{Cl}=3n_{FeCl_3}=3.0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{n_{HCL}}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,5}=0,6\left(l\right)\)
c,\(C_{M_{FeCl_3}}=\dfrac{n_{FeCl_3}}{V_{ddFeCl_3}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,6}=0,17M\)
a, nFe = 0,56/56 = 0,01 (mol)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,01 ---> 0,01 ---> 0,01 ---> 0,01
mFeSO4 = 0,01 . 152 = 1,52 (g)
VH2 = 22,4 . 0,01 = 0,224 (l)
b, mH2SO4 = 0,01 . 98 = 0,98 (g)
c, mddH2SO4 = 0,98/19,6% = 5 (g)
d, mdd (sau p/ư) = 5 + 0,56 = 5,56 (g)
C%FeSO4 = 1,52/5,56 = 27,33%
a, nFe = 0,56/56 = 0,01 (mol)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,01 ---> 0,01 ---> 0,01 ---> 0,01
mFeSO4 = 0,01 . 152 = 1,52 (g)
VH2 = 22,4 . 0,01 = 0,224 (l)
b, mH2SO4 = 0,01 . 98 = 0,98 (g)
c, mddH2SO4 = 0,98/19,6% = 5 (g)
d, mdd (sau p/ư) = 5 + 0,56 = 5,56 (g)
C%FeSO4 = 1,52/5,56 = 27,33%
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,3-->0,9------>0,3--->0,45
=> \(V_{dd.HCl}=\dfrac{0,9}{1,5}=0,6\left(l\right)\)
b) \(C_{M\left(AlCl_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,6}=0,5M\)