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\(n_{SO_3}=\dfrac{200}{80}=2,5\left(mol\right)\)
mdd H2SO4 17% = 1000.1,12 = 1120 (g)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1120.17}{100}=190,4\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: SO3 + H2O --> H2SO4
2,5------------>2,5
=> mH2SO4(sau pư) = 2,5.98 + 190,4 = 435,4 (g)
mdd sau pư = 200 + 1120 = 1320 (g)
\(C\%_{dd.H_2SO_4.sau.pư}=\dfrac{435,4}{1320}.100\%=32,985\%\)
\(SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_4\\ n_{SO_3}=a\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow m_{SO_3}=80a\left(g\right);m_{H_2SO_4}=98a\left(g\right)\\ Vì:dd.thu.được.nồng.độ.20\%,nên.ta.có:\\ \dfrac{200.14,7\%+98a}{80a+200}.100\%=20\%\\ \Leftrightarrow a=12,927\\ Vậy:m=m_{SO_3}=12,927\left(g\right)\)
\(SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_4\\ m_{H_2SO_4\left(tăng\right)}=\dfrac{98}{80}m=\dfrac{49}{40}m=1,225m\left(g\right)\\ m_{H_2SO_4\left(dd.14,7\%\right)}=14,7.200=29,4\left(g\right)\\ Ta.có:C\%_{ddH_2SO_4\left(cuối\right)}=20\%\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{29,4+1,225m}{m+200}.100\%=20\%\\ m\approx10,3415\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{SO_3}=\dfrac{80}{80}=1mol\\ m_{H_2SO_4\left(bđ\right)}=1000\cdot1,2\cdot10\%=120g\\ SO_3+H_2O->H_2SO_4\\ C_{\%}=\dfrac{120+98}{1000\cdot1,2+80}\cdot100\%=17,03\%\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{65}{65}=1mol\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{200.14,6\%}{36,5}=0,8mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
1 < 0,8 ( mol )
0,4 0,8 0,4 0,4 ( mol )
\(m_{ddspứ}=200+65-0,4.2=264,2g\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,4.136}{264,2}.100=14,93\%\\C\%_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,4.2}{264,2}.100=0,3\%\\C\%_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{\left(1-0,4\right).65}{264,2}.100=14,76\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
PT: \(Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
a, Ta có: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200.20}{100}=40\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{40}{98}=\dfrac{20}{49}\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{\dfrac{20}{49}}{3}\), ta được H2SO4 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=3n_{Al_2O_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{53}{490}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{53}{490}.98=10,6\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=n_{Al_2O_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1.342=34,2\left(g\right)\)
c, Ta có: m dd sau pư = mAl2O3 + m dd H2SO4 = 210,2 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{10,6}{210,2}.100\%\approx5,04\%\\C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{34,2}{210,2}.100\%\approx16,3\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
\(n_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{16,8}{84}=0,2mol\\ a.MgCO_3+H_2SO_4->MgSO_4+H_2O+CO_2\\ 2NaOH+H_2SO_{\text{4 }}->Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ b.n_{H_2SO_4dư}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}.80.0,1:40=0,1mol\\ n_{H_2SO_4\left(MgCO_3\right)}=0,2mol\\ c.C\%=\dfrac{98.0,3}{200}.100\%=14,7\%\\ V=0,2.22,4=4,48L\\ d.m_{ddsau}=200+16,8-44.0,2+80=288g\\ C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{40.0,1}{288}.100\%=1,39\%\\ C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{120.0,2}{288}.100\%=8,33\%\)
\(n_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{16,8}{84}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{80}{40}=2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(MgCO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)
0,2 0,2 0,2
\(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
2 1 1
Vậy có 0,2 mol H2SO4 phản ứng với MgCO3
có 1 mol H2SO4 phản ứng với NaOH
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=1,2.98=117,6\left(g\right)\)
\(c,C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{117,6}{200}.100\%=58,8\%\)
\(V_{CO_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(d,m_{Na_2SO_4}=1.142=142\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{80.100}{10}=800\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddH_2SO_4dư}=1.98:58,8\%\approx166,67\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddNa_2SO_4}=800+166,67=966,67\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{142}{966,67}.100\%\approx14,69\%\)
\(n_{SO_3}=\dfrac{200}{80}=2,5mol\\ m_{H_2SO_4}=200\cdot0,1=20g\\ SO_3+H_2O->H_2SO_4\\ C\%=\dfrac{20+2,5\cdot98}{200+200}\cdot100\%=66,25\text{%}\)