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Bài 3:
a) Ta có: \(C=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{99}+2^{100}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5\right)+\left(2^6+2^7+2^8+2^9+2^{10}\right)+...+\left(2^{96}+2^{97}+2^{98}+2^{99}+2^{100}\right)\)
\(=2\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+2^6\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+...+2^{96}\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)\)
\(=31\cdot\left(2+2^6+...+2^{96}\right)⋮31\)(đpcm)
Bài 1:
Ta có: \(A=3^{n+2}-2^{n+2}+3^n-2^n\)
\(=3^n\cdot9-2^n\cdot4+3^n-2^n\)
\(=3^n\left(9+1\right)-2^n\left(4+1\right)\)
\(=10\left(3^n-2^{n-1}\right)⋮10\)
Vậy: A có chữ số tận cùng là 0
Bài 2:
Ta có: \(abcd=1000\cdot a+100\cdot b+10\cdot c+d\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abcd=1000\cdot a+96\cdot b+8c+2c+4b+d\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abcd=8\left(125a+12b+c\right)+\left(2c+4b+d\right)\)
mà \(8\left(125a+12b+c\right)⋮8\)
và \(2c+4b+d⋮8\)
nên \(abcd⋮8\)(đpcm)
\(B=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{99}+2^{100}=2\left(1+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+...+2^{96}\left(1+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)=2.31+2^6.31+...+2^{96}.31=31\left(2+2^6+...+2^{96}\right)⋮31\)
a, Ta có:
2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 + . . . + 2 99 + 2 100
= 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 + 2 5 +...+ 2 96 + 2 97 + 2 98 + 2 99 + 2 100
= 2. 1 + 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 +...+ 2 96 1 + 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4
= 2 . 31 + 2 6 . 31 + . . . + 2 96 . 31
= 2 + 2 6 + . . . + 2 96 . 31 chia hết cho 31
b, Ta có:
5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + . . . + 5 149 + 5 150
= 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + . . . + 5 149 + 5 150
= 5 1 + 5 + 5 3 1 + 5 + 5 5 1 + 5 + . . . + 5 149 1 + 5
= 5 . 6 + 5 3 . 6 + 5 5 . 6 + . . . + 5 149 . 6
= ( 5 + 5 3 + 5 5 + . . . + 5 149 ) . 6 chia hết cho 6
Ta lại có:
5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + . . . + 5 149 + 5 150
= 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 +...+ 5 145 + 5 146 + 5 147 + 5 148 + 5 149 + 5 150 (có đúng 25 nhóm)
= [ ( 5 + 5 4 ) + ( 5 2 + 5 5 ) + ( 5 3 + 5 6 ) ] + ... + [ 5 145 + 5 148 ) + ( 5 146 + 5 149 ) + ( 5 147 + 5 150 ]
= [ 5 ( 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 2 ( 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 3 ( 1 + 5 3 ) ] + ... + [ 5 145 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 146 ( 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 147 ( 1 + 5 3 ]
= ( 5 . 126 + 5 2 . 126 + 5 3 . 126 ) + ... + ( 5 145 . 126 + 5 146 . 126 + 5 147 . 126 )
= ( 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 ) . 126 + ( 5 7 + 5 8 + 5 9 ) . 126 + ... + ( 5 145 + 5 146 + 5 147 ) . 126
= 126.[ ( 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 ) + ( 5 7 + 5 8 + 5 9 ) + ... + ( 5 145 + 5 146 + 5 147 ) ] chia hết cho 126.
Vậy 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + . . . + 5 149 + 5 150 vừa chia hết cho 6, vừa chia hết cho 126
\(A+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{100}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2\right)+2^2\left(2+2^2\right)+...+2^{98}\left(2+2^2\right)\)
\(=6+2^2.6+...+2^{98}.6=6\left(1+2^2+...+2^{98}\right)⋮6\)
\(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{100}\)
\(=2\cdot3+...+2^{99}\cdot3\)
\(=6\left(1+...+2^{99}\right)⋮6\)
A=2+22+23+...+299+2100A=2+22+23+...+299+2100
⇒2A=22+23+24+...+2100+2101⇒2A=22+23+24+...+2100+2101
⇒A=2101−2⇒A=2101−2
B=3+32+33+...+399+3100B=3+32+33+...+399+3100
⇒3B=32+33+34+...+3100+3101⇒3B=32+33+34+...+3100+3101
⇒2B=3101−3⇒2B=3101−3
⇒B=3101−32
1/
Tổng A là tổng các số hạng cách đều nhau 4 đơn vị.
Số số hạng: $(101-1):4+1=26$
$A=(101+1)\times 26:2=1326$
2/
$B=(1+2+2^2)+(2^3+2^4+2^5)+(2^6+2^7+2^8)+(2^9+2^{10}+2^{11})$
$=(1+2+2^2)+2^3(1+2+2^2)+2^6(1+2+2^2)+2^9(1+2+2^2)$
$=(1+2+2^2)(1+2^3+2^6+2^9)$
$=7(1+2^3+2^6+2^9)\vdots 7$
C = 2 + 22 + 23 + ... + 299 + 2100
a)
C = ( 2 + 22 + 23 + 24 + 25 ) + ( 26 + 27 + 28 + 29 + 210 ) + ... + ( 296 + 297 + 298 + 299 + 2100 )
= 2( 1 + 2 + 22 + 23 + 24 ) + 26( 1 + 2 + 22 + 23 + 24 ) + ... + 296( 1 + 2 + 22 + 23 + 24 )
= 2.31 + 26.31 + ... + 296.31
= 31( 2 + 26 + ... + 296 ) chia hết cho 31 ( đpcm )
b)
C = 2 + 22 + 23 + ... + 299 + 2100
=> 2C = 2( 2 + 22 + 23 + ... + 299 + 2100 )
= 22 + 23 + ... + 2100 + 2101
=> C = 2C - C
= 22 + 23 + ... + 2100 + 2101 - ( 2 + 22 + 23 + ... + 299 + 2100 )
= 22 + 23 + ... + 2100 + 2101 - 2 - 22 - 23 - ... - 299 - 2100
= 2101 - 2
22x-1 - 2 = C
<=> 22x-1 - 2 = 2101 - 2
<=> 22x-1 = 2101 - 2 + 2
<=> 22x-1 = 2101
<=> 2x - 1 = 101
<=> 2x = 102
<=> x = 51
C=2+22+23+...+299+2100.
= 2 . ( 2+22+23+24 ) + 26 . ( 2+22+23+24 ) + ....... + 296 . ( 2+22+23+24 )
= 2 . 31 + 26 . 31 + ....... + 296 . 31
=31 . ( 2 + 26 + ..... + 296 )
\(\Rightarrow\)C=2+22+23+...+299+2100 \(⋮\)31