Tìm GTNN của bt :
M = \(\left|x-2002\right|\)+ \(\left|x-2001\right|\)
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a) \(\left|x-2000\right|+\left|x-2002\right|=\left|x-2000\right|+\left|2002-x\right|\)
\(\ge\left|x-2000+2002-x\right|=2\) (1)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2000\right)\left(2002-x\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2000\le x\le2002\)
+ \(\left|x-2001\right|\ge0\forall x\). "=" \(\Leftrightarrow x=2001\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(A\ge2\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow x=2001\)
b) \(B=\left|x-8\right|+\left|x-9\right|+\left|x-10\right|+\left|x+11\right|\)
+ \(\left|x-10\right|+\left|x+11\right|=\left|x+11\right|+\left|10-x\right|\)
\(\ge\left|x+11+10-x\right|=21\) (3)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+11\right)\left(10-x\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow-11\le x\le10\)
+ \(\left|x-8\right|+\left|x-9\right|\ge\left|x-8+9-x\right|=1\) (4)
"=" \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-8\right)\left(9-x\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow8\le x\le9\)
Từ (3) và (4) suy ra \(B\ge22\)
"=" \(\Leftrightarrow8\le x\le9\)
Áp dụng \(\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\) rút gọn rồi quy đồng làm nốt
\(\frac{1}{x+2000}-\frac{1}{x+2007}=\frac{7}{8}\)
\(\frac{8\left(x+2007\right)}{8\left(x+2000\right)\left(x+2007\right)}-\frac{8\left(x+2000\right)}{8\left(x+2000\right)\left(x+2007\right)}=\frac{7\left(x+2000\right)\left(x+2007\right)}{8\left(x+2000\right)\left(x+2007\right)}\)
\(8x+8.2007-8x+8.2000=7\left(x^2+4007x+2000.2007\right)\)
\(8.7-7\left(x^2+4007x+2000.2007\right)=0\)
\(7\left(8-x^2-4007x-2000.2007\right)=0\)
\(8-x^2-4007x-2000.2007=0\)
\(x^2+4007x+4013992=0\)
\(\left(x^2+2008x\right)+\left(1999x+4013992\right)=0\)
\(\left(x+2008\right)\left(x+1999\right)=0\)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x=-2008\\x=-1999\end{cases}}\)
\(\frac{1}{\left(x+2000\right)\left(x+2001\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x+2001\right)\left(x+2002\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x+2006\right)\left(x+2007\right)}=\frac{7}{8}\)
\(\frac{1}{x+2000}-\frac{1}{x+2001}+\frac{1}{x+2001}-\frac{1}{x+2002}+...+\frac{1}{x+2006}-\frac{1}{x+2007}=\frac{7}{8}\)
\(\frac{1}{x+2000}-\frac{1}{x+2007}=\frac{7}{8}\)
\(\text{ĐKXĐ: }x+1\ne0\text{ và }x-2001\ne0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\ne-1\text{ và }x\ne2001\)
\(\frac{\left(x^2-2000x-2001\right).2001}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2001\right).2002}=\frac{\left(x^2+x-2001x-2001\right).2001}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2001\right).2002}\)
\(=\frac{\left[x.\left(x+1\right)-2001\left(x+1\right)\right].2001}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2001\right).2002}=\frac{\left(x-2001\right)\left(x+1\right).2001}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2001\right).2002}=\frac{2001}{2002}\)
Đặt \(A=\left|x-2002\right|+\left|x-2001\right|\)
\(A=\left|x-2002\right|+\left|2001-x\right|\ge\left|x-2002+2001-x\right|=\left|-1\right|=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2002\right)\left(2001-x\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow2001\le x\le2002\)
\(\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{x+2000}-\frac{1}{x+2001}+\frac{1}{x+2001}-\frac{1}{x+2002}+....+\frac{1}{x+2006}-\frac{1}{x+2007}=\frac{7}{8}\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{x+2000}-\frac{1}{x+2007}=\frac{7}{8}\)
<=> \(\frac{7}{\left(x+2000\right)\left(x+2007\right)}=\frac{7}{8}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2000\right)\left(x+2007\right)=8\)
=> x = -1999 hoặc x = - 2008
k) Vì \(\left|4x-3\right|\ge0\left(\forall x\right);\left|5y+7,5\right|\ge0\left(\forall y\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\left|4x-3\right|+\left|5y+7,5\right|+17,5\ge17,5\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left|4x-3\right|=0\\\left|5y+7,5\right|=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}4x-3=0\\5y+7,5=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{3}{4}\\y=\frac{-3}{2}\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy CMin = 17,5 khi và chỉ khi x = 3/4 và y = -3/2
n) Ta có:
\(M=\left|x-2002\right|+\left|x-2001\right|=\left|x-2002\right|+\left|2001-x\right|\ge\left|x-2002+2001-x\right|=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x-2002\right)\left(2001-x\right)\ge0\)
<=> x lớn hơn hoặc bằng 2002
Hoặc x bé hơn hoặc bằng 2001
Vậy MMin =1
(x+4/2000 + 1)+(x+3/2001 + 1) = (x+2/2002 + 1)+(x+1/2003)+1
(x+2004/2000) + (x+2004/2001) = (x+2004/2002) + (x+2004/2003)
(x+2004).(1/2000+1/2001) = (x+2004).(1/2002+1/2003)
+ Với x+2004=0 suy ra x=-2004. Ta có 0.(1/2000+1/2001)=0.(1/2002+1/2003), đúng
+ Với x+2004 khác 0 thì (x+2004).(1/2000+1/2001) = (x+2004).(1/2002+1/2003)
1/2000+1/2001 = 1/2002+1/2003, vô lí vì 1/2000+1/2001 > 1/2002+1/2003
Vậy x=-2004
\(M=\left|x-2002\right|+\left|x-2001\right|\)
\(\ge\left|x-2002-x+2001\right|=\left|1\right|=1\)
\(\Rightarrow Min_M=1\)