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24 tháng 1 2023

Sẵn tiện mk chỉ cho bn luôn dạng này nhé.

Phân tích:

Với \(\alpha,\beta,\gamma>0\) thỏa \(\alpha< 2,\beta< 3,\gamma< 4\) ta có:

\(A=2a+3b+4c+\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{9}{2b}+\dfrac{4}{c}\)

\(=\left[\left(2-\alpha\right)a+\dfrac{3}{a}\right]+\left[\left(3-\beta\right)b+\dfrac{9}{2b}\right]+\left[\left(4-\gamma\right)c+\dfrac{4}{c}\right]+\left(\alpha a+\beta b+\gamma c\right)\)

\(\ge2\sqrt{3.\left(2-\alpha\right)}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{9}{2}.\left(3-\beta\right)}+2\sqrt{4.\left(4-\gamma\right)}+\left(\alpha a+\beta b+\gamma c\right)\)

Chọn \(\alpha,\beta,\gamma\) (thỏa đk trên) sao cho:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2-\alpha\right)a=\dfrac{3}{a}\\\left(3-\beta\right)b=\dfrac{9}{2b}\\\left(4-\gamma\right)c=\dfrac{4}{c}\\\alpha=\dfrac{\beta}{2}=\dfrac{\gamma}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{2-\alpha}}\\b=\sqrt{\dfrac{9}{2\left(3-\beta\right)}}\\c=\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{\left(4-\gamma\right)}}\\\alpha=\dfrac{\beta}{2}=\dfrac{\gamma}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{2-\alpha}}\\b=\sqrt{\dfrac{9}{6-4\alpha}}\\c=\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{4-3\alpha}}\\\alpha=\dfrac{\beta}{2}=\dfrac{\gamma}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có: \(a+2b+3c\ge20\). Xác định điểm rơi: \(a+2b+3c=20\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{2-\alpha}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{9}{6-4\alpha}}+3\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{4-3\alpha}}=20\)

Giải ra ta có \(\alpha=\dfrac{5}{4}\Rightarrow\beta=\dfrac{5}{2};\gamma=\dfrac{15}{4}\)

Lời giải:

Ta có: \(A=2a+3b+4c+\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{9}{2b}+\dfrac{4}{c}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{3a}{4}+\dfrac{3}{a}\right)+\left(\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{9}{2b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{c}{4}+\dfrac{4}{c}\right)+\left(\dfrac{5a}{4}+\dfrac{5b}{2}+\dfrac{15c}{4}\right)\)

\(\ge^{Cauchy}2\sqrt{\dfrac{3a}{4}.\dfrac{3}{a}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{2}.\dfrac{9}{2b}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{4}.\dfrac{4}{c}}+\dfrac{5}{4}\left(a+2b+3c\right)\)

\(=3+3+2+\dfrac{5}{4}\left(a+2b+3c\right)\)

\(\ge8+\dfrac{5}{4}.20=33\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3a}{4}=\dfrac{3}{a}\\\dfrac{b}{2}=\dfrac{9}{2b}\\\dfrac{c}{4}=\dfrac{4}{c}\\a+2b+3c=20\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=3\\c=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(MinA=33\), đạt được khi \(a=2;b=3;c=4\)

 

3 tháng 7 2021

\(P=\dfrac{5a+10b+15c}{4}+\left(\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{3a}{4}\right)+\left(\dfrac{9}{2b}+\dfrac{b}{2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{4}{c}+\dfrac{c}{4}\right)\)

\(\ge\dfrac{5\left(a+2b+3c\right)}{4}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{a}.\dfrac{3a}{4}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{9}{2b}.\dfrac{b}{2}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{c}.\dfrac{c}{4}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{5.20}{4}+3+3+2=33\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=2;b=3;c=4

Vậy \(P_{min}=33\)

3 tháng 9 2023

\(P=\dfrac{a}{2b+3c}+\dfrac{b}{2c+3a}+\dfrac{c}{2a+3b}\left(a;b;c>0\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P=\dfrac{a^2}{2ab+3ac}+\dfrac{b^2}{2bc+3ab}+\dfrac{c^2}{2ac+3bc}\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\dfrac{a^2}{m}+\dfrac{b^2}{n}+\dfrac{c^2}{q}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{m+n+q}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{5\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{5\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\left(1\right)\)

Theo bất đẳng thức Cauchy :

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2+b^2\ge2ab\\b^2+c^2\ge2bc\\a^2+c^2\ge2ac\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow P=\dfrac{a^2}{2ab+3ac}+\dfrac{b^2}{2bc+3ab}+\dfrac{c^2}{2ac+3bc}\ge\dfrac{ab+bc+ca+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{5\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{5\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\dfrac{3}{5}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

Vậy \(Min\left(P\right)=\dfrac{3}{5}\left(tại.a=b=c\right)\)

4 tháng 9 2023

Bổ sung chứng minh Bất đẳng thức :

\(\dfrac{a^2}{m}+\dfrac{b^2}{n}+\dfrac{c^2}{q}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{m+n+q}\)

Theo BĐT Bunhiacopxki :

\(\left(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt[]{m}}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt[]{n}}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{c}{\sqrt[]{q}}\right)^2.\left[\left(\sqrt[]{m}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt[]{n}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt[]{q}\right)^2\right]\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{m}+\dfrac{b^2}{n}+\dfrac{c^2}{q}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{m+n+q}\)

11 tháng 11 2023

Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)

=>\(a=bk;c=dk\)

1: \(\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{2\cdot bk+3\cdot dk}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{k\left(2b+3d\right)}{2b+3d}=k\)

\(\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}=\dfrac{2bk-3dk}{2b-3d}=\dfrac{k\left(2b-3d\right)}{2b-3d}=k\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}\)

2: \(\dfrac{4a-3b}{4c-3d}=\dfrac{4\cdot bk-3b}{4\cdot dk-3d}=\dfrac{b\left(4k-3\right)}{d\left(4k-3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)

\(\dfrac{4a+3b}{4c+3d}=\dfrac{4bk+3b}{4dk+3d}=\dfrac{b\left(4k+3\right)}{d\left(4k+3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{4a-3b}{4c-3d}=\dfrac{4a+3b}{4c+3d}\)

3: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3bk+5b}{3bk-5b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k+5\right)}{b\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)

\(\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}=\dfrac{3dk+5d}{3dk-5d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k+5\right)}{d\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}\)

4: \(\dfrac{3a-7b}{b}=\dfrac{3bk-7b}{b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k-7\right)}{b}=3k-7\)

\(\dfrac{3c-7d}{d}=\dfrac{3dk-7d}{d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k-7\right)}{d}=3k-7\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{3a-7b}{b}=\dfrac{3c-7d}{d}\)

AH
Akai Haruma
Giáo viên
15 tháng 7 2017

Lời giải:

Biến đổi $A$ :

\(A=a+b+c+\frac{3}{a}+\frac{9}{2b}+\frac{4}{c}=\frac{1}{4}(a+2b+3c)+\left(\frac{3a}{4}+\frac{3}{a}\right)+\left (\frac{b}{2}+\frac{9}{2b}\right)+\left (\frac{c}{4}+\frac{4}{c}\right)\)

Ta có: \(\frac{1}{4}(a+2b+3c)\geq \frac{20}{4}=5\)

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM: \(\left\{\begin{matrix} \frac{3a}{4}+\frac{3}{a}\geq 3\\ \frac{b}{2}+\frac{9}{2b}\geq 3\\ \frac{c}{4}+\frac{4}{c}\geq 2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Do đó \(A\geq 5+3+3+2=13\) hay \(A_{\min}=13\)

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix} a=2\\ b=3\\ c=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mấu chốt của bài toán là cách tìm điểm rơi.

AH
Akai Haruma
Giáo viên
15 tháng 7 2017

Ôn tập cuối năm phần số học

21 tháng 2 2023

b) Ta có : \(\dfrac{2a}{3}=\dfrac{3b}{4}=\dfrac{4c}{5}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{\dfrac{3}{2}}=\dfrac{b}{\dfrac{4}{3}}=\dfrac{c}{\dfrac{5}{4}}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{4}{3}+\dfrac{5}{4}}=\dfrac{49}{\dfrac{49}{12}}=12\)

Khi đó \(a=12.\dfrac{3}{2}=18;b=12.\dfrac{4}{3}=16;c=12.\dfrac{5}{4}=15\)

Vậy (a,b,c) = (18,16,15) 

a+4/a>=2*căn a*4/a=4

b+9/b>=2*căn b*9/b=6

c+16/c>=2*căn c*16/c=8

=>3a/4+b/2+c/4+3/a+9/2b+4/c>=3+3+2=8

a+2b+3c>=20

=>a/4+b/2+3c/4>=5

=>S>=13

Dấu = xảy ra khi a=2; b=3; c=4

29 tháng 10 2017

Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si

Ta có \(A=a+b+c+\frac{3}{a}+\frac{9}{2b}+\frac{4}{c}\)

\(=\left(\frac{3a}{4}+\frac{3}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{2}+\frac{9}{2b}\right)+\left(\frac{c}{4}+\frac{4}{c}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{4}+\frac{b}{2}+\frac{3c}{4}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A\ge2\sqrt{\frac{3a}{4}.\frac{3}{a}}+2\sqrt{\frac{b}{2}.\frac{9}{2b}}+2\sqrt{\frac{c}{4}.\frac{4}{c}}+\frac{1}{4}\left(a+2b+3c\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A\ge13\)

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi\(a=2;b=3;c=4\)

Vậy\(MinA=13\Leftrightarrow\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(2;3;4\right)\)