Cho x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz,x,y,z khac 0
Tinh (1+x/y)(1+y/z)(1+z/x)
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Ta có
a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = 0
<=> (a + b)3 + c3 - 3ab(a + b) - 3abc = 0
<=> (a + b + c)(a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab - ac - bc) - 3ab(a + b + c) = 0
<=> (a + b + c)(a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - ac - bc) = 0
<=> (a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - ac - bc) = 0
<=> (a2 - 2ab + b2) + (a2 - 2ac - c2) + (b2 - 2bc + c2) = 0
<=> (a - b)2 + (a - c)2 + (b - c)2 = 0
<=> a = b = c
=> P = (1 + 1)(1 + 1)(1 +1) = 8
\(x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3-3x^2y-3xy^2+z^3-3xyz=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)z+z^2-3xy\right]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2=0\) (do \(x+y+z\ne0\))
\(\Rightarrow\begin{cases}\left(x-y\right)^2=0\\\left(y-z\right)^2=0\\\left(z-x\right)^2=0\end{cases}\)\(\Rightarrow\begin{cases}x-y=0\\y-z=0\\z-x=0\end{cases}\)\(\Rightarrow\begin{cases}x=y\\y=z\\z=x\end{cases}\)\(\Rightarrow x=y=z\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\left(1+\frac{1}{1}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{1}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{1}\right)=2\cdot2\cdot2=8\)
ta co: \(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{xz}=0\)
=> x + y + z = 0
Lai co: x3 + y3 +z3 - 3xyz = (x+y+z).(x2+y2+z2 - xy - yz - zx)
x3 + y3 + z3 - 3xyz = 0
=> x3 + y3 + z3 = 3xyz
ta co: \(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}.\)
=> 1/xy + 1/yz + 1/xz = 0
=> x + y + z = 0
Lai co: x3 + y3 +z3 - 3xyz = (x+y+z).(x2+y2+z2 - xy - yz - zx)
x3 + y3 + z3 - 3xyz = 0
=> x3 + y3 + z3 = 3xyz
VT=\(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3x^2y-3xy^2-3xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)z+z^2\right]-3xy.\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right).z+z^2-3xy\left(\text{vì }x+y+z=1\right)\)
\(=x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz+z^3-3xy\)
\(=x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\left(2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2xz\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\left[\left(x^2-2xy-y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2yz+z^2\right)+\left(x^2-2xz+z^2\right)\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]\)=VP
=>dpcm
Ta có : \(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)-3xyz\)
\(=x+y+z\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+xz+yz\right)-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz\right)\)
\(=x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz=\frac{\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2yz+z^2\right)+\left(z^2-2xz+x^2\right)}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]\)
x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=1/2(x+y+z)[(x-y)^2+(y-z)^2+(z-x)^2]
2 cái bằng nhau
Đặt \(\left(\dfrac{1}{x};\dfrac{1}{y};\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=3\)
\(P=3a^2+b^2+3c^2\)
Biểu thức này chỉ có min, không có max
Lời giải:
Ta có: \(xy+yz+xz=3xyz\Rightarrow \frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=3\)
Mà theo BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\geq \frac{9}{x+y+z}\)
Do đó: \(3\geq \frac{9}{x+y+z}\Rightarrow x+y+z\geq 3\)
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Ta có: \(\text{VT}=x-\frac{xz}{x^2+z}+y-\frac{xy}{y^2+x}+z-\frac{yz}{z^2+y}\)
\(=(x+y+z)-\left(\frac{xy}{y^2+x}+\frac{yz}{z^2+y}+\frac{xz}{x^2+z}\right)\)
\(\geq x+y+z-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{xy}{\sqrt{xy^2}}+\frac{yz}{\sqrt{z^2y}}+\frac{xz}{\sqrt{x^2z}}\right)\) (AM-GM)
\(=x+y+z-\frac{1}{2}(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z})\)
Tiếp tục AM-GM: \(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\leq \frac{x+1}{2}+\frac{y+1}{2}+\frac{z+1}{2}=\frac{x+y+z+3}{2}\)
Suy ra:
\(\text{VT}\geq x+y+z-\frac{1}{2}.\frac{x+y+z+3}{2}=\frac{3}{4}(x+y+z)-\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\geq \frac{9}{4}-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{3}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $x=y=z=1$