cho 3,25g kẽm tác dụng hết với dung dịch HCL tạo ra kẽm clorua và khí H2.
a) tính khối lượng ZnCl2 tại thành
b) tính thể tích dd HCL 0,5M đã dùng
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) Zn + 2HCl →ZnCl2 + H2
b) nZn = 6,5/65 = 0,1 mol . Theo tỉ lệ pư => nH2 = nZn = nZnCl2 =0,1 mol <=> VH2(đktc) = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 lít.
c) mZnCl2 = 0,1 . 136 = 13,6 gam
d) nHCl =2nZn = 0,2 mol => mHCl = 0,2.36,5= 7,3 gam
Cách 2: áp dụng định luật BTKL => mHCl = mZnCl2 + mH2 - mZn
<=> mHCl = 13,6 + 0,1.2 - 6,5 = 7,3 gam
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Theo gt ta có: $n_{Zn}=0,1(mol)$
a, $Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2$
b, Ta có: $n_{H_2}=0,1(mol)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=2.24(l)$
c, Ta có: $n_{HCl}=2.n_{Zn}=0,2(mol)\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=7,3(g)$
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1\cdot36,5}{20\%}=182,5\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,5\cdot22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a+b+c) PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ZnCl_2}=0,1\cdot136=13,6\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) PTHH: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Cu}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,1\cdot64=6,4\left(g\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a,n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1--->0,2------>0,1----->0,1
\(\rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{10\%}=73\left(g\right)\\ b,m_{ZnCl_2}=0,1.136=13,6\left(g\right)\\ V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
\(nZn=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl->ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1 (mol)
\(mHCl=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
=> \(mddHCl=\dfrac{7,3.100}{10}=73\left(g\right)\)
mZnCl2 = 0,1 . 136 = 13,6 )g_
VH2 = 0,1 . 22,4 = 2,24 (l)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{26}{65}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=0,4.2=0,8\left(g\right)\)
b, \(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{^{t^o}}2H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=22,4\left(l\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{2}\) => Zn dư, HCl hết
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
__________0,2-------------->0,1
=> VH2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(l)
b)
PTHH: 2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
______0,1->0,05
=> mO2 = 0,05.22,4 = 1,12 (l)
$a\big)$
$n_{Zn}=\dfrac{3,25}{65}=0,05(mol)$
$Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2$
Theo PT: $n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,05(mol)$
$\to m_{ZnCl_2}=0,05.136=6,8(g)$
$b\big)$
Theo PT: $n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,1(mol)$
$\to V_{dd\,HCl}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2(l)=200(ml)$
`Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl_2 + H_2`
`0,05` `0,1` `0,05` `(mol)`
`n_[Zn]=[3,25]/65=0,05 (mol)`
`a)m_[ZnCl_2]=0,05.136=6,8(g)`
`b)V_[dd HCl]=[0,1]/[0,5]=0,2(M)`