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a) Zn + 2HCl →ZnCl2 + H2
b) nZn = 6,5/65 = 0,1 mol . Theo tỉ lệ pư => nH2 = nZn = nZnCl2 =0,1 mol <=> VH2(đktc) = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 lít.
c) mZnCl2 = 0,1 . 136 = 13,6 gam
d) nHCl =2nZn = 0,2 mol => mHCl = 0,2.36,5= 7,3 gam
Cách 2: áp dụng định luật BTKL => mHCl = mZnCl2 + mH2 - mZn
<=> mHCl = 13,6 + 0,1.2 - 6,5 = 7,3 gam
Theo gt ta có: $n_{Zn}=0,1(mol)$
a, $Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2$
b, Ta có: $n_{H_2}=0,1(mol)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=2.24(l)$
c, Ta có: $n_{HCl}=2.n_{Zn}=0,2(mol)\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=7,3(g)$
$a\big)$
$n_{Zn}=\dfrac{3,25}{65}=0,05(mol)$
$Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2$
Theo PT: $n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,05(mol)$
$\to m_{ZnCl_2}=0,05.136=6,8(g)$
$b\big)$
Theo PT: $n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,1(mol)$
$\to V_{dd\,HCl}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2(l)=200(ml)$
Bài 4:
4Na + O2 → 2Na2O
nNa = \(\dfrac{4,6}{23}\)= 0,2 mol , nO2 = \(\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}\)= 0,1 mol
\(\dfrac{nNa}{4}\)<\(\dfrac{nO_2}{1}\)=> Sau phản ứng oxi dư , nO2 phản ứng = \(\dfrac{nNa}{4}\)= 0,05 mol
=> nO2 dư = 0,1 - 0,05 = 0,05 mol <=> mO2 dư = 0,05.32= 1,6 gam
a) nNa2O = 1/2 nNa = 0,1 mol
=> mNa2O = 0,1. 62 = 6,2 gam
Bài 1:
Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
a) nZn = \(\dfrac{6,5}{65}\)= 0,1 mol , nHCl = \(\dfrac{3,65}{36,5}\)= 0,1 mol
Ta có \(\dfrac{nZn}{1}\)> \(\dfrac{nHCl}{2}\)=> Zn dư , HCl phản ứng hết
nZnCl2 = \(\dfrac{nHCl}{2}\)= 0,5 mol => mZnCl2 = 0,5. 136 = 68 gam
b) nH2 = \(\dfrac{nHCl}{2}\) = 0,5 mol => V H2 = 0,5.22,4 = 11,2 lít
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1\cdot36,5}{20\%}=182,5\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,5\cdot22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{20}{80}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,1---->0,1----------------->0,1
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
LTL: 0,25 > 0,1 => CuO dư
Theo pthh: nCu = nH2 = 0,1 (mol)
=> mCu = 0,1.64 = 6,4 (g)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,2
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48l\\
C_M=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\\
n_{CuO}=\dfrac{20}{80}=0,25\left(G\right)\\
pthh:CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\\
LTL:0,25>0,1\)
=>CuO dư
\(n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
m_{Cu}=0,1.64=6,4g\)
a+b+c) PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ZnCl_2}=0,1\cdot136=13,6\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) PTHH: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Cu}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,1\cdot64=6,4\left(g\right)\)
nKClO3 = 49 : 122,5 =0,4(mol)
a) pthh : 2KClO3 -t--> 2KCl + 3O2
0,4------------>0,4----->0,6(mol)
mKCl = 0,4.74,5=29,8 (g)
VO2= 0,6.22,4= 13,44 (l)
câu 2
a nZn = 6,5:65=0,1(mol)
pthh : Zn +2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,1->0,2----------------->0,1(mol)
=> VH2 = 0,1.22,4 =2,24(l)
=> mHCl = 0,2 . 36,5=7,3 (g)
\(a,n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1--->0,2------>0,1----->0,1
\(\rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{10\%}=73\left(g\right)\\ b,m_{ZnCl_2}=0,1.136=13,6\left(g\right)\\ V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
\(nZn=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl->ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1 (mol)
\(mHCl=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
=> \(mddHCl=\dfrac{7,3.100}{10}=73\left(g\right)\)
mZnCl2 = 0,1 . 136 = 13,6 )g_
VH2 = 0,1 . 22,4 = 2,24 (l)