Cho 200 ml dung dịch HCl 0,5 M tác dụng vừa đủ với Zn.
a, Viết PTHH
b, Tính khối lượng Zn cần dùng.
c, Tính thể tích H2O thoát ra ở đktc
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Zn+2HCl->ZnCl2+H2
0,2-----0,4---0,2----0,2
nZn=0,2 mol
=>m Hcl=0,4.36,5=14,6g
m muối=0,2.136=27,2g
=>VH2=0,2.22,4=4,48l
`Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl_2 + H_2` `\uparrow`
`n_(Zn) = 13/65 = 0,2 mol`.
`n_(HCl) = 0,4 mol`.
`m_(HCl) = 0,4 xx 36,5 = 14,6g`.
c, `m_(ZnCl_2) = 0,2 xx 127 = 25,4 g`.
`d, V_(H_2) = 0,2 xx 22,4 = 4,48l`.
a) $Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
Theo PTHH : n H2 = n Fe = 8,4/56 = 0,15(mol)
V H2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36(lít)
b) n HCl = 2n Fe = 0,3(mol)
=> CM HCl = 0,3/0,2 = 1,5M
c) $CuO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O$
Ta thấy :
n CuO = 32/80 = 0,4 > n H2 = 0,15 mol nên CuO dư
Theo PTHH : n Cu = n H2 = 0,15 mol
=> m Cu = 0,15.64 = 9,6 gam
Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
___0,1______________0,1____0,1 (mol)
\(FeSO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow FeCl_2+BaSO_{4\downarrow}\)
__0,1______0,1_____________0,1 (mol)
a, VH2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)
b, \(V_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(l\right)\)
c, \(m_{BaSO_4}=0,1.233=23,3\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1\cdot36,5}{20\%}=182,5\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,5\cdot22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a.\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V_{H_2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4mol\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=x\\n_{Zn}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
x x ( mol )
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
y y ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+65y=25,55\\x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\\y=0,35\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,05.56=2,8g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,35.65=22,75g\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{25,55}.100=10,95\%\)
\(\%m_{Zn}=100\%-10,95\%=89,05\%\)
b.\(n_{HCl}=2.0,05+2.0,35=0,8mol\)
\(C_M=\dfrac{n}{V}\Rightarrow V=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,8}{2}=0,4l\)
a, \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)
b, \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CO_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,2}=1,25\left(M\right)\)
c, \(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,5.36,5}{15\%}\approx121,67\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25mol\\ a)CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2O\)
0,25 0,25 0,25
\(b)C_{M_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,2}=1,25M\\ c)2HCl+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O\\ n_{HCl}=2n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=2.0,25=0,5mol\\ m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,5.36,5}{15\%}\cdot100\%\approx121,67g\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,3.2=0,6\left(mol\right)\\a, 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ b,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{6}.0,6=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\ c,n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{2}{6}.0,6=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\\ d,V_{ddAlCl_3}=V_{ddHCl}=0,3\left(l\right)\\ C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,3}=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(M\right)\)
nZn = 13/65 = 0.2 (mol)
Zn + H2SO4 => ZnSO4 + H2
0.2......0.2..........................0.2
VH2 = 0.2*22.4 = 4.48 (l)
C%H2SO4 = 0.2*98/200 * 100% = 9.8 %
nCuO = 8/80 = 0.1 (mol)
CuO + H2 -to-> Cu + H2O
0.1......0.1...........0.1
=> H2 dư
mCu = 0.1*64 = 6.4 (g)
â) nZn=0,2(mol)
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2
0,2_____0,2______0,2_____0,2(mol)
=> V(H2,đktc)=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)
b) C%ddH2SO4= [(98.0,2)/200)].100=9,8%
c) nCuO=0,1(mol)
PTHH: CuO + H2 -to-> Cu + H2O
Ta có: 0,1/1 < 0,2/1
=> H2 dư, CuO hết, tính theo nCuO
=> nCu=nCuO=0,1(mol)
=>mCu=6,4(g)
a) Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
b) \(n_{HCl}=2.0,5=1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
0,5<---1-------------->0,5
=> mZn = 0,5.65 = 32,5 (g)
c) VH2 = 0,5.22,4 = 11,2 (l)
\(n_{HCl}=2\cdot0,5=1mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,5 1 0,5 0,5
\(m_{Zn}=0,5\cdot65=32,5g\)
\(V_{H_2o}=0,5\cdot22,4=11,2l\)