Chứng tỏ rằng
1/2!+2/3!+3/4!+.....+99/100!<1
Giúp mìh vs
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Câu hỏi của Biêtdongsaigon - Toán lớp 6 - Học toán với OnlineMath
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* Bỏ ngoặc vuông đi :(
\(\text{Ta có:}\)
\(200-\left(3+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{2}{4}+...+\frac{2}{100}\right)\)
\(\rightarrow200-2-\left(1+\frac{2}{3}+...+\frac{2}{100}\right)\)
\(\rightarrow198-\left(1+\frac{2}{3}+...+\frac{2}{100}\right)\)
\(\rightarrow198-\left(1+\frac{2}{3}+...+\frac{2}{100}\right)\)
\(\rightarrow2.[99-\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{100}\right)]\) \(\left(1\right)\)
\(\text{Ta có:}\)
\(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{2}{3}+...+\frac{99}{100}\)
\(\text{Rút}\)\(\left(1\right)\)\(\text{ra có 99 số}\)
\(\rightarrow99-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{100}\right)\) \(\left(2\right)\)
\(\text{Từ}\)\(\left(1\right)\)\(\text{và}\)\(\left(2\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(200-\left(3+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{2}{5}+...+\frac{2}{100}\right):\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{4}+...+\frac{99}{100}\right)=2\)
A= \(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{2}{3^2}+....+\dfrac{99}{3^{99}}-\dfrac{100}{3^{100}}\)
3A= 1 - \(\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{3^2}-\dfrac{4}{3^3}+.....+\dfrac{99}{3^{98}}\) - \(\dfrac{100}{3^{99}}\)
A + 3A = 1- \(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{3^3}+....+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
=> 4A < 1 - \(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}\) \(\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{98}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)
Đặt : B = 1 - \(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}-\dfrac{1}{3^3}+....+\dfrac{1}{3^{98}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)
3B = 3 - 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}+.....+\dfrac{1}{3^{97}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{98}}\)
B + 3B = 3 - \(\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)
4B = 3 - \(\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\) < 3 => B < \(\dfrac{3}{4}\)
=> 4A < \(\dfrac{3}{4}\) => A < \(\dfrac{3}{16}\) ĐPCM
Ta có : \(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{2}{3}+..+\frac{99}{100}\)
= \((1-\frac{1}{2})+(1-\frac{1}{3})+...+(1-\frac{99}{100})\)(100 cặp số )
= \(\left(1+1+1+...+1\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{100}\right)\)(100 số hạng 1)
= \(1\times100-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+..+\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
= \(100-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
=> 100-(1+1/2+1/3+...+1/100) = 1/2+2/3+3/4+...+99/100
Ta có \(A=\frac{200-\left(3+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{2}{5}+....+\frac{2}{100}\right)}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{4}+......+\frac{99}{100}}\)
\(A=\frac{200-2\left(\frac{3}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+....+\frac{1}{100}\right)}{\left(1-\frac{1}{2}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{3}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{4}\right)+...+\left(1-\frac{1}{100}\right)}\)
\(A=\frac{2\left[100-\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+.....+\frac{1}{100}\right)\right]}{100-\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+.....+\frac{1}{100}\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2\)
1/2!= 1- 1/2
1/3! = 1/2.3= 1/2 - 1/3
1/4! = 1/2.3.4< 1/3.4 =1/3 -1/4
....
1/100! = 1/...99.100 <1/99-1/100
cộng vế với vế ta được điều phải chứng minh