Question

[Hồ Văn Đạt]

cho a,b>0 thỏa mãn a+b=1. chứng minh (a+1/b)^2 + (b+1/a)^2 lớn hơn hoặc bằng 25/2

Answer 1

[zZz Cool Kid_new zZz]

\(\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2\)

\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2}{2}\)

\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+\frac{4}{a+b}\right)^2}{2}\)

\(=\frac{25}{2}\) 

tại a=b=¹/₂

Answer 2

[Lê Tài Bảo Châu]

thêm ít cách

Cách 1:

Áp dụng BĐT bunhiacopxki ta được:

\(\left[\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2\right]\left(1^2+1^2\right)\ge\left[\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)\right]^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2\right]2\ge\left(1+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2\)(1)

Ta có:\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{ab}}\)( tự CM nha )

ÁP dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:

\(\sqrt{ab}\le\frac{a+b}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge4\)(2)

Thay (2) vào (1) ta được: 

\(\left[\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2\right]2\ge25\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2\ge\frac{25}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)

Dấu"="xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)

Cách 2: 

Đặt \(P=\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2\)

Ta có: \(\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2=a^2+\frac{2a}{b}+\frac{1}{b^2}+b^2+\frac{2b}{a}+\frac{1}{a^2}\)

\(=a^2+\frac{2a}{b}+\frac{1}{16b^2}+\frac{15}{16b^2}+b^2+\frac{2b}{a}+\frac{1}{16a^2}+\frac{15}{16a^2}\)

\(=\left(a^2+\frac{1}{16a^2}\right)+\left(b^2+\frac{1}{16b^2}\right)+\left(\frac{2a}{b}+\frac{2b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{15}{16b^2}+\frac{15}{16a^2}\right)\)

ÁP dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:

\(a^2+\frac{1}{16a^2}\ge2\sqrt{a^2.\frac{1}{16a^2}}\ge\frac{1}{2}\)(3)

\(b^2+\frac{1}{16b^2}\ge2\sqrt{b^2.\frac{1}{16b^2}}\ge\frac{1}{2}\)(4)

\(\frac{2a}{b}+\frac{2b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{2a}{b}.\frac{2b}{a}}\ge4\)(5)

\(\frac{15}{16a^2}+\frac{15}{16b^2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{15.15}{16.16a^2b^2}}=\frac{15}{8ab}\)(1) 

ÁP dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:

\(ab\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}=\frac{1}{4}\)(2)

Thay (2) vào (1) ta được:

\(\frac{15}{16a^2}+\frac{15}{16b^2}\ge\frac{15}{2}\)(6)

Cộng (3)+(4)+(5)+(6) ta được: 

\(P\ge\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{15}{2}+4=\frac{25}{2}\)

Dấu"="xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)

Cách 3:Làm tắt thui ạ

Đặt \(P=\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2\)

\(\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2=a^2+\frac{2a}{b}+\frac{1}{b^2}+b^2+\frac{2b}{a}+\frac{1}{a^2}\ge2ab+\frac{2}{ab}+4\)

\(P\ge2\left(ab+\frac{1}{ab}\right)+4\)

\(P\ge2\left(ab+\frac{1}{16ab}+\frac{15}{16ab}\right)+4\)

giống cách 2 rồi làm nốt