Chưngs minh rằng với mọi số tự nhiên n lớn hơn hoặc bằng 1
1/3^2+1/5^2+1/7^2+...+1/(2n+1)^2<1/4
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\(\frac{1}{2^2}\)\(+\)\(\frac{1}{4^2}\)\(+\)\(\frac{1}{6^2}\)\(+\)..... \(+\)\(\frac{1}{\left(2n\right)^2}\)
= \(\frac{1}{4}\)\(\left(\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+....+\frac{1}{n^2}\right)< \)\(\frac{1}{4}\)\(\left(1+\frac{1}{1.2} +\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\right)\)
= \(\frac{1}{4}\)\(\left(1+1-\frac{1}{n}\right)< \frac{1}{2}\)
a) Đặt \(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(2n\right)^2}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}\right)\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{n-1}-\dfrac{1}{n}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}< 1-\dfrac{1}{n}\)
\(\Rightarrow1+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}< 1-\dfrac{1}{n}+1\)
\(\Rightarrow1+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}< 2-\dfrac{1}{n}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2^2}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}\right)< \dfrac{1}{2^2}\left(2-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{2^2}.2-\dfrac{1}{2^2}.\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2^3}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(A< \dfrac{1}{2}\left(Đpcm\right)\)
b) Đặt \(B=\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{7^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)^2}\)
Ta có:
\(B< \dfrac{1}{1.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.5}+\dfrac{1}{5.7}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(2n-1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}\)
\(B< \dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{2}{1.3}+\dfrac{2}{3.5}+\dfrac{2}{5.7}+...+\dfrac{2}{\left(2n-1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}\right)\)
\(B< \dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{7}+...+\dfrac{1}{2n-1}-\dfrac{1}{2n+1}\right)\)
\(B< \dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2n+1}\right)\)
\(B< \dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{2n+1}{2n+1}-\dfrac{1}{2n+1}\right)\)
\(B< \dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{2n}{2n+1}\)
\(B< \dfrac{2n}{4n+2}\)
\(B< \dfrac{2n}{2\left(2n+1\right)}\)
\(B< \dfrac{n}{2n+1}\)
chứng minh rằng số 11...1. 22..2 là tích của hai số tự nhiên liên tiếp với mọi n lớn hơn hoặc bằng 1
đặt \(A=\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{5^2}+....+\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)^2}\)
\(A< \frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2n-1\right).\left(2n+1\right)}\)
\(A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{2n-1}-\frac{1}{2n+1}\right)\)
\(A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(1-\frac{1}{2n+1}\right)\)
vì n lớn hơn hoặc bằng 1 => 2n+1 lớn hơn hoặc bằng 3
\(A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(1-\frac{1}{2n+1}\right)< \frac{1}{2}.\left(1-\frac{1}{3}\right)=\frac{1}{3}\)
=> \(A< \frac{1}{4}\)(đpcm)
ps:tuy nhiên ko thuyết phục lắm nhưng cái đề hơi sai đoạn n >= 1 ấy :((
nếu n=1 => 2n+1=3 => 1/3^2+...+1/3^2???