cho đa thức A=x3+x2y-xy2-y3+x2z-y2z
1. phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
2. chứng minh rằng nếu x,y,z là các số nguyên và x+y+z chia hết cho 6 thì giá trị đa thức B=A-3xyz cũng chia hết cho 6
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a) \(70a+84b-20ab-24b^2\)
\(=\left(70a+84b\right)-\left(20ab+24b^2\right)\)
\(=14\left(5a+6b\right)-4b\left(5a+6b\right)\)
\(=\left(5a+6b\right)\left(14-4b\right)\)
\(=2\left(5a+6b\right)\left(7-2b\right)\)
b) \(x^2y+xy^2+x^2z+xz^2+y^2z+yz^2+3xyz\)
\(=\left(x^2y+xy^2+xyz\right)+\left(x^2z+xyz+xz^2\right)+\left(xyz+y^2z+yz^2\right)\)
\(=xy\left(x+y+z\right)+xz\left(x+y+z\right)+yz\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)
c) \(x^2y+xy^2+x^2z+xz^2+y^2z+yz^2+2xyz\)
\(=\left(x^2y+xy^2\right)+\left(xz^2+yz^2\right)+\left(x^2z+2xyz+y^2z\right)\)
\(=xy\left(x+y\right)+z^2\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=xy\left(x+y\right)+z^2\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left[xy+z^2+z\left(x+y\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(xy+z^2+xz+yz\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left[\left(xy+yz\right)+\left(xz+z^2\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left[y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+z\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\)
a, 70a + 84b - 20ab - 24b2
= 14.(5a + 6b) - 4b(5a + 6b)
= (5a + 6b).(14 - 4b)
a) \(B=x^3+x^2z+y^2z-xyz+y^3\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+z\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\)
b) \(B=\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\left(x+y+z\right)=x^2-xy+y^2\)
\(=x^2-2.x.\dfrac{1}{2}y+\dfrac{1}{4}y^2+\dfrac{3}{4}y^2=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}y\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}y^2\ge0\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=0\)
3) \(x^2\left(x+2y\right)-x-2y\)
\(=x^2\left(x+2y\right)-\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2y\right)\)
4) \(x^3-4x^2-9x+36\)
\(=\left(x^3-4x^2\right)-\left(9x-36\right)\)
\(=x^2\cdot\left(x-4\right)-9\left(x-4\right)\)
\(=\left(x-4\right)\left(x^2-9\right)\)
\(=\left(x-4\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
\(x^2\left(x+2y\right)-x-2y\\ =x^2\left(x+2y\right)-\left(x+2y\right)\\ =\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x+2y\right)\\ =\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2y\right)\\ ---\\ x^3-4x^2-9x+36\\ =x^2\left(x-4\right)-9\left(x-4\right)\\ =\left(x^2-9\right)\left(x-4\right)\\ =\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x-4\right)\)
\(\left(x+y+z\right)⋮6\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)⋮2\)
x, y, z không thể đồng thời cả 3 số cùng lẻ ; nghĩa là phải có 1 số chẵn
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x.y.z\right)⋮2\Rightarrow3\left(xyz\right)⋮6\\\left(\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\right)⋮6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow A⋮6\Rightarrow dpcm\)
a: \(70a+84b-20ab-24b^2\)
\(=\left(70a+84b\right)-\left(20ab+24b^2\right)\)
\(=14\left(5a+6b\right)-4b\left(5a+6b\right)\)
\(=\left(5a+6b\right)\left(14-4b\right)\)
\(=2\left(7-2b\right)\left(5a+6b\right)\)
b: \(x^2y+xy^2+x^2z+xz^2+y^2z+yz^2+3xyz\)
\(=\left(x^2y+x^2z\right)+\left(xy^2+xz^2\right)+\left(y^2z+yz^2\right)+3xyz\)
\(=x^2\left(y+z\right)+x\left(y^2+z^2\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+3xyz\)
\(=x^2\left(y+z\right)+x\left(y^2+z^2\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+2xyz+xyz\)
\(=x^2\left(y+z\right)+x\left(y^2+z^2+2yz\right)+yz\left(y+z+x\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(y+z\right)+x\left(y+z\right)^2+yz\left(y+z+x\right)\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)\cdot x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz\left(y+z+x\right)\)
\(=\left(y+z+x\right)\cdot\left(xy+xz+yz\right)\)
c: \(x^2y+xy^2+x^2z+xz^2+y^2z+yz^2+2xyz\)
\(=\left(x^2y+x^2z\right)+\left(xy^2+xz^2+2xyz\right)+\left(y^2z+yz^2\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(y+z\right)+x\left(y^2+z^2+2xz\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)\left(x^2+yz\right)+x\left(y+z\right)^2\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)\left(x^2+yz+xy+xz\right)\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\)