Tìm GTNN của biểu thức P(x)=x2-4x+5
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1:
a: =x^2-7x+49/4-5/4
=(x-7/2)^2-5/4>=-5/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=7/2
b: =x^2+x+1/4-13/4
=(x+1/2)^2-13/4>=-13/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1/2
e: =x^2-x+1/4+3/4=(x-1/2)^2+3/4>=3/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=1/2
f: x^2-4x+7
=x^2-4x+4+3
=(x-2)^2+3>=3
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=2
2:
a: A=2x^2+4x+9
=2x^2+4x+2+7
=2(x^2+2x+1)+7
=2(x+1)^2+7>=7
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1
b: x^2+2x+4
=x^2+2x+1+3
=(x+1)^2+3>=3
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1
\(1,\\ A=\left(4x^2+y^2\right)\left(4x^2-y^2\right)=16x^4-y^4\)
Đề sai, biểu thức A ko có m thì sao chứng minh?
\(2,\) Gọi 2 số nguyên lt là \(a;a+1\left(a\in Z\right)\)
Ta có \(a+1-a=1\) là số lẻ (đpcm)
\(3,P=9x^2+24x+16-10x-x^2+16=8x^2+14x+32\)
\(4,Q=x^2-4x+5=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+1=\left(x-2\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x-2=0\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
\(a,M=x^2-4x+5=\left(x-2\right)^2+5\\ \Rightarrow M\ge5\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
\(b,N=y^2-y-3=\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{13}{4}\\ \Rightarrow N\ge-\dfrac{13}{4} \)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(P=x^2+y^2-4x+y+7=\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{11}{4}\\ \Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{11}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: M=x^2-4x+4+1
=(x-2)^2+1>=1
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=2
b: N=y^2-y+1/4-13/4
=(y-1/2)^2-13/4>=-13/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi y=1/2
c: P=x^2-4x+4+y^2+y+1/4+11/4
=(x-2)^2+(y+1/2)^2+11/4>=11/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=2 và y=-1/2
Áp dụng Bunyakovsky, ta có :
\(\left(1+1\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x.1+y.1\right)^2=1\)
=> \(\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
=> \(Min_C=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Mấy cái kia tương tự
`A=-10/(sqrtx+5)(x>=0)`
`x>=0=>sqrtx>=0`
`=>sqrtx+5>=5>0`
`=>10/(sqrtx+5)<=10/5=2`
`=>A>=-2`
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `x=0`
Vậy GTNN `A=-2<=>x=0`
\(B=y^2-y+1\)
\(=y^2-2\cdot y\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}+1\)
\(=\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Ta thấy: \(\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\forall y\)
Dấu \("="\) xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow y-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(B_{min}=\dfrac{3}{4}\) khi \(y=\dfrac{1}{2}\).
\(---\)
\(C=x^2-4x+y^2-y+5\)
\(=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+\left(y^2-y+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot2+2^2\right)+\left[y^2-2\cdot y\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\right]+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Ta thấy: \(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\forall x;y\)
Dấu \("="\) xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\y-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(C_{min}=\dfrac{3}{4}\) khi \(x=2;y=\dfrac{1}{2}\).
\(Toru\)
\(B=y^2-y+1\)
\(=y^2-2.y.\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Vì \(\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall y\Rightarrow B\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(C=x^2-4x+y^2-y+5\)
\(=x^2-4x+4+y^2-y+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\)
Vì \(\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
P=x2−4x+5
=x2−4x+4+1
=(x−2)2+1≥1
⇒Pmin=1 khi x=2