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$1)$
$PTHH:Ca(OH)_2+2HCl\to CaCl_2+2H_2O$
$n_{Ca(OH)_2}=\dfrac{14,8}{74}=0,2(mol)$
$n_{HCl}={10,95}{36,5}=0,3(mol)$
Lập tỉ lệ: $\dfrac{n_{Ca(OH)_2}}{1}>\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}\Rightarrow Ca(OH)_2$ dư
$\Rightarrow n_{Ca(OH)_2(dư)}=0,2-\dfrac{1}{2}.0,3=0,05(mol)$
Theo PT: $n_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,15(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{CaCl_2}=0,15.111=16,65(g)$
$m_{Ca(OH)_2(dư)}=0,05.74=3,7(g)$
$2)$
$a)PTHH:Fe_2O_3+3CO\xrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3CO_2\uparrow$
$b)n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4(mol)$
Theo PT: $n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe}=0,2(mol)$
$n_{CO}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Fe}=0,6(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2.160=32(g)$
$V_{CO}=0,6.22,4=13,44(lít)$
Bài 1 :
224ml = 0,224l
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,224}{22,4}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Ba+2H_2O\rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,01 0,01 0,01
\(BaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2|\)
1 1 1
0,01 0,01
\(n_{Ba}=\dfrac{0,01.1}{1}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Ba}=0,01.137=1,37\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{BaO}=2,9-1,37=1,53\left(g\right)\)
0/0Ba = \(\dfrac{1,37.100}{2,9}=47,24\)0/0
0/0BaO = \(\dfrac{1,53.100}{2,9}=52,76\)0/0
Có : \(m_{BaO}=1,53\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{BaO}=\dfrac{1,53}{153}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)2\left(tổng\right)}=0,01+0,01=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Ba\left(OH\right)2}=0,02.171=3,42\left(g\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
Bài 2:
a, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=200.7,3\%=14,6\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\) ⇒ Zn pứ hết, HCl dư
\(m_{HCldư}=\left(0,4-0,2\right).36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
b, \(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c, \(m_{dd.sau.pứ}=6,5+200-0,1.2=206,3\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{HCldư}=\dfrac{7,3.100\%}{206,3}=3,54\%\)
\(C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.136.100\%}{206,3}=6,59\%\)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{10}{100}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a.
\(CaCO_3+2HNO_3\rightarrow Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2+H_2O+CO_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(C\%_{dd.HNO_3}=\dfrac{0,2.63.100}{200}=6,3\%\)
b.
\(m_{dd.Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2}=10+200-0,1.44=205,6\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{dd.Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,1.164.100}{205,6}=7,98\%\)
\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{46}{23}=2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{15}{18}=\dfrac{5}{6}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Na + 2H2O ---> 2NaOH + H2
LTL: \(2>\dfrac{5}{6}\) => Na dư
Theo pthh: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{5}{6}=\dfrac{5}{12}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Na\left(pư\right)}=n_{NaOH}=n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{5}{6}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(V_{H_2}=\dfrac{5}{12}.22,4=\dfrac{28}{3}\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{dd}=15+23.\dfrac{5}{6}-\dfrac{5}{12}.2=\dfrac{100}{3}\\ m_{NaOH}=\dfrac{5}{6}.40=\dfrac{100}{3}\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{\dfrac{100}{3}}{\dfrac{100}{3}}.100\%=100\%\)
\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{46}{23}=2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{15}{18}=0,83\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
0,83 0,83 0,416
\(V_{H_2}=0,416.22,4=9,3l\\
m_{\text{dd}}=46+15-\left(0,416.2\right)=60,17\left(g\right)C\%=\dfrac{0,83.40}{60,17}.100\%=55,176
\%\)
\(1,C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,75}{0,5}=1,5M\\ 2,n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{37}{74}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ C_{M\left(Ca\left(OH\right)_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,5}{1,5}=0,33M\\ 3,n_{NaOH}=0,25+\dfrac{20}{40}=0,75\left(mol\right)\\ C_{M\left(NaOH\right)}=\dfrac{0,75}{2}=0,375M\\ 4,n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25M\)
`1) C_[M_[HCl]] = [ 0,75 ] / [ 0,5 ] = 1,5 (M)`
_____________________________________________
`2)n_[Ca(OH)_2] = 37 / 74 = 0,5 (mol)`
`-> C_[M_[Ca(OH)_2]] = [ 0,5 ] / [ 1,5 ] ~~ 0,33 (M)`
_____________________________________________
`3) n_[NaOH] = 0,25 + 20 / 40 = 0,75 (mol)`
`-> C_[M_[NaOH]] = [ 0,75 ] / 2 = 0,375 (M)`
_____________________________________________
`4) n_[H_2 SO_4] = 49 / 98 = 0,5 (mol)`
`-> C_[M_[H_2 SO_4]] = [ 0,5 ] / 2 = 0,25 (M)`
a) Ta có: \(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{14,8}{74}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{ddCa\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(l\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{Pb\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{6,62}{331}=0,02\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{ddPb\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,1}=0,2\left(l\right)\)