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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, \(n_{H^+}=0,025.0,2=0,005\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{OH^-}=0,01.2.0,3=0,006\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{OH^-dư}=0,001\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[OH^-\right]_{dư}=\dfrac{0,001}{1}=10^{-3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[H^+\right]=10^{-11}\)
\(\Rightarrow pH=11\)
b, \(n_{Fe^{2+}}=n_{SO_4^{2-}}=0,02.0,1=0,002\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Ba^{2+}}=0,01.0,3=0,003\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{BaSO_4\downarrow}=n_{SO_4^{2-}}=0,002\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow}=n_{OH^-dư}=0,001\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{\downarrow}=0,002.233+0,001.90=0,556\left(g\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a)
- Dung dịch X:
HCl → H+ + Cl-
0,04M → 0,04M
→ [H+] = 0,04M
→ pH = -log[H+] = -log(0,04) ≈ 1,4
- Dung dịch Y:
NaOH → Na+ + OH-
0,02M ______0,02M
Ba(OH)2 → Ba2+ + 2OH-
0,01M_________0,02M
→ [OH-] = 0,02 + 0,02 = 0,04M
→ pOH = -log[OH-] = -log(0,04) ≈ 1,4
→ pH = 14 - pOH = 14 - 1,4 ≈ 12,6
b)
300 ml X có: nH+ = nHCl = 0,3.0,04 = 0,012 mol
200 ml Y có: nOH- = nNaOH + 2nBa(OH)2
= 0,2.0,02 + 2.0,2.0,01 = 0,008 mol
PT ion: H+ +OH- → H2O
Bđ:__0,012__0,008
Pư: __0,008__0,008
Sau:__0,004 ___0
→ [H+] =\(\frac{0,004}{0,3+0,2}\) = 0,008M
→ pH = -log(0,008) ≈ 2,1
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
`100mL=0,1L`
`n_{H^+}=0,1.0,05.2+0,1.0,1=0,02(mol)`
`n_{SO_4^{2-}}=0,1.0,05=0,005(mol)`
`n_{OH^-}=0,1.0,2+0,1.0,1.2=0,04(mol)`
`n_{Ba^{2+}}=0,1.0,1=0,01(mol)`
`Ba^{2+}+SO_4^{2-}->BaSO_4`
Do `0,01>0,005->` Tính theo `SO_4^{2-}`
`n_{BaSO_4}=n_{SO_4^{2-}}=0,005(mol)`
`->m_↓=0,005.233=1,165(g)`
`H^{+}+OH^{-}->H_2O`
Do `0,02<0,04->OH^-` dư
`n_{OH^{-}\ pu}=n_{H^+}=0,02(mol)`
`->n_{OH^{-}\ du}=0,04-0,02=0,02(mol)`
Trong X: `[OH^-]={0,02}/{0,1+0,1}=0,1M`
`->pH=14-pOH=14+lg[OH^-]=13`
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ba^{2+}}=4.10^{-3}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Na^+}=3.10^{-3}\left(mol\right)\\n_{OH^-}=0,011\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[Ba^{2+}\right]=\dfrac{4.10^{-3}}{0,2+0,3}=0,008M\\\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{3.10^{-3}}{0,2+0,3}=0,006M\\\left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{0,011}{0,2+0,3}=0,022M\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Để trung hòa dung dịch A thì:
\(n_{H^+}=n_{OH^-}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0,01.V_{ddHCl}=\left(0,02.2+0,01\right).0,2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow V_{ddHCl}=1\left(l\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đáp án A
∑ nH+ = 2nH2SO4 + nHCl = 2. 0,1.0,05 + 0,1.0,1 = 0,02 (mol)
∑ nOH- = nNaOH + 2nBa(OH)2 = 0,1.0,2 + 2. 0,1.0,1 = 0,04 (mol)
H+ + OH- → H2O
0,02 → 0,02
=> nOH- dư = 0,04 – 0,02 = 0,02 (mol)
=> [OH-] = n: V = 0,02 : 0,2 = 0,01 M
pH = 14 + log(OH-) = 14 + (-1) = 13
Chú ý:
pH được tính theo giá trị của log[H+] chứ không phải log [OH-]
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
CNaOH sau = 0,01*100/(100+100)=0.005M
CKOH sau= 0,02*100/(100+100)=0,01M
NaOH →Na+ + OH-
0,005---------->0,005 (M)
KOH →K+ + OH-
0,01--------->0,01(M)
=> [OH-]=0.01+0.005=0.015=> [H+]=10-14:0,015=6,67.10-13 (M)
=> pH= -log(6,67.10-13)= 12,18