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a) \(\frac{3x^2-6xy+3y^2}{5x^2-5xy+5y^2}:\frac{10x-10y}{x^3+y^3}\)
\(=\frac{3x^2-6xy+3y^2}{5x^2-5xy+5y^2}.\frac{x^3+y^3}{10x-10y}\)
\(=\frac{3\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)}{5\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}.\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}{10\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)}{5}.\frac{x+y}{10\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3\left(x-y\right)^2}{5}.\frac{x+y}{10\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3\left(x-y\right)}{5}.\frac{x+y}{10}\)
\(=\frac{3x^2-3y^2}{50}\)
c) \(\frac{2}{xy}:\left(\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{y}\right)-\frac{x^2-y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{2}{xy}:\frac{y-x}{xy}-\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{2}{y-x}-\frac{x+y}{x-y}\)
\(=\frac{2}{y-x}+\frac{x+y}{y-x}\)
\(=\frac{x+y+2}{y-x}\)
\(B=\left[\left(\frac{x}{y}-\frac{y}{x}\right):\left(x-y\right)-2.\left(\frac{1}{y}-\frac{1}{x}\right)\right]:\frac{x-y}{y}\)
\(=\left[\frac{x^2-y^2}{xy}.\frac{1}{x-y}-2.\frac{x-y}{xy}\right].\frac{y}{x-y}\)
\(=\left(\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{xy.\left(x-y\right)}-\frac{2.\left(x-y\right)}{xy}\right).\frac{y}{x-y}\)
\(=\left(\frac{x+y}{xy}-\frac{2x-2y}{xy}\right).\frac{y}{x-y}=\frac{x+y-2x+2y}{xy}.\frac{y}{x-y}=\frac{y.\left(3y-x\right)}{xy.\left(x-y\right)}=\frac{3y-x}{x.\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(C=\left(\frac{x+y}{2x-2y}-\frac{x-y}{2x+2y}-\frac{2y^2}{y-x}\right):\frac{2y}{x-y}\)
\(=\left(\frac{x+y}{2.\left(x-y\right)}-\frac{x-y}{2.\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{2y^2}{x-y}\right).\frac{x-y}{2y}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2+2.2y^2.\left(x+y\right)}{2.\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}.\frac{x-y}{2y}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y+x-y\right)\left(x+y-x+y\right)+4y^2.\left(x+y\right)}{2.\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}.\frac{x-y}{2y}\)
\(=\frac{4xy+4xy^2+4y^3}{2.\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}.\frac{x-y}{2y}=\frac{4y.\left(x+xy+y^2\right).\left(x-y\right)}{4y.\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}=\frac{x+xy+y^2}{x+y}\)
\(D=3x:\left\{\frac{x^2-y^2}{x^3+y^3}.\left[\left(x-\frac{x^2+y^2}{y}\right):\left(\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{y}\right)\right]\right\}\)
\(=3x:\left\{\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}.\left[\frac{xy-x^2-y^2}{y}:\frac{y-x}{xy}\right]\right\}\)
\(=3x:\left[\frac{x-y}{x^2-xy+y^2}.\left(\frac{xy-x^2-y^2}{y}.\frac{xy}{y-x}\right)\right]\)
\(=3x:\left(\frac{x-y}{x^2-xy+y^2}.\frac{xy.\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}{y.\left(x-y\right)}\right)\)
\(=3x:\frac{xy.\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}{y.\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}=3x:x=3\)
\(E=\frac{2}{x.\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{2}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}+\frac{2}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=2.\left(\frac{1}{x.\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}\right)\)
\(=2.\frac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)+x.\left(x+3\right)+x.\left(x+1\right)}{x.\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=2.\frac{x^2+2x+3x+6+x^2+3x+x^2+x}{x.\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=2.\frac{3x^2+9x+6}{x.\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}=2.\frac{3.\left(x^2+3x+2\right)}{x.\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{6.\left(x^2+x+2x+2\right)}{x.\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{6.\left[x.\left(x+1\right)+2.\left(x+1\right)\right]}{x.\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{6.\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}{x.\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{6}{x.\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(\frac{x^4-y^4}{y^3-x^3}=\frac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)}{\left(y-x\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}=-\frac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(\frac{\left(2x-4\right)\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(3x^2-27\right)}=\frac{2\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x-2\right)3\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{2}{3\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(\frac{2x^3+x^2-2x-1}{x^3+2x^2-x-2}=\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\frac{2x+1}{x+2}\)
\(\frac{x^4-y^4}{y^3-x^3}=\frac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)}{\left(y-x\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}=-\frac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
Dùng hằng đẳng thức đáng nhớ thôi b
Ta có y2 - x2 = (y - x)(y + x)
Mà theo đêc bài thì mẫu có (y + x) rồi nên chỉ cần nhân cho (y - x) nữa là được
\(B=\left(\frac{x}{y^2+xy}-\frac{x-y}{x^2+xy}\right):\left(\frac{y^2}{x^3-xy^2}+\frac{1}{x+y}\right):\frac{3y}{y}\)
\(=\frac{x^2-xy+y^2}{xy\left(x+y\right)}\cdot\frac{x\left(x^2-y^2\right)}{x^2-xy+y^2}\cdot\frac{y}{3x}\)\(=\frac{x-y}{y}\cdot\frac{y}{3x}=\frac{x-y}{3x}\)
Bài giải
\(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}=\frac{3x}{6}=\frac{3x-y}{6-3}=\frac{3x-y}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{ }\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)^3=\left(\frac{y}{3}\right)^3=\left(\frac{3x-y}{3}\right)^3=\frac{x^3}{8}=\frac{y^3}{27}=\frac{\left(3x-y\right)^3}{27}=\frac{-27}{27}=-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{ }y^3=-1\cdot27=-27\)\(\Rightarrow\text{ }y=-3\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{ }\text{ }x^3=-1\cdot8=-8\text{ }\Rightarrow\text{ }x=-2\)
Ta có:
(3x-y)3=-27
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x-y\right)^3=\left(-3\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-y=-3\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3\text{}}\)
\(\frac{3x}{6}=\frac{y}{3\text{}}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta được:
\(\frac{3x}{6}=\frac{y}{3\text{}}=\frac{3x-y}{6-3}=\frac{-3}{3}=-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-2\\y=-3\end{cases}}\)
Vậy....................