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AP DUNG BDT CAUCHY-SCHWAR : \(\frac{a^2}{x}+\frac{b^2}{y}+\frac{c^2}{z}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{x+y+z}\)(DAU "=" XAY RA KHI \(\frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}=\frac{c}{z}\))
...Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(Q\ge\frac{\left(1+2+3\right)^2}{x+y+z}=\frac{36}{1}=36\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+z=1\\\frac{1}{x}=\frac{2}{y}=\frac{3}{z}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x=y\\3y=2z\\z=3x\end{cases}}\)
Giải tiếp t cái dấu = :v
\(y=\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{4}+\sqrt{x^2-4}}+\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{4}-\sqrt{x^2-4}}\) Điều kiện: \(x\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow2y=2.\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{4}+\sqrt{x^2-4}}+2.\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{4}-\sqrt{x^2-4}}\)
\(=\sqrt{x^2+4\sqrt{x^2-4}}+\sqrt{x^2-4\sqrt{x^2-4}}\)
\(=\sqrt{x^2-4+4\sqrt{x^2-4}+4}+\sqrt{x^2-4-4\sqrt{x^2-4}+4}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x^2-4}+2\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x^2-4}-2\right)^2}\)
\(=\left|\sqrt{x^2-4}+2\right|+\left|\sqrt{x^2-4}-2\right|\)
\(=\sqrt{x^2-4}+2+\left|\sqrt{x^2-4}-2\right|\)(1)
TH1: \(\sqrt{x^2-4}-2\ge0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2-4}\ge2\Rightarrow x^2-4\ge4\Rightarrow x\ge2\sqrt{2}\).Ta có:
\(\left(1\right)=\sqrt{x^2-4}+2+\sqrt{x^2-4}-2=2\sqrt{x^2-4}\)
Do \(x\ge2\sqrt{2}\Rightarrow2\sqrt{x^2-4}\ge2\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{2}\right)^2-4}=4\)
TH2: \(\sqrt{x^2-4}-2< 0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2-4}< 2\Rightarrow x^2-4< 4\Rightarrow x^2< 8\Rightarrow2\le x< 2\sqrt{2}\).Ta có:
\(\left(1\right)=\sqrt{x^2-4}+2-\sqrt{x^2-4}+2=4\)
Vậy GTNN của y bằng 4.
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(2\le x\le2\sqrt{2}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si ta có :
\(P=\frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1-y}}=\frac{x}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\frac{x\sqrt{x}+y\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{xy}}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{xy}+y\right)}{\sqrt{xy}}\)
\(\ge\frac{2\sqrt{\sqrt{x}.\sqrt{y}}\left(x+y-\frac{x+y}{2}\right)}{\sqrt{xy}}\)
\(=\frac{x+y}{\sqrt[4]{xy}}\ge\frac{x+y}{\sqrt{\frac{x+y}{2}}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}}=\sqrt{2}\)
Dấu "=" khi x = y = 1/2
I) Đk: x > 0 và x \(\ne\)9
\(D=\left(\frac{x+3}{x-9}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+3}\right):\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
\(D=\frac{x+3+\sqrt{x}-3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\cdot\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(D=\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{D}=\frac{\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}+1}=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1+2}{\sqrt{x}+1}=1+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
Để 1/D nguyên <=> \(\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\in Z\)
<=> \(2⋮\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\) <=> \(\sqrt{x}+1\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{1;-1;2;-2\right\}\)
Do \(x>0\) => \(\sqrt{x}+1>1\) => \(\sqrt{x}+1=2\)
<=> \(\sqrt{x}=1\) <=> x = 1 (tm)
\(E=\left(\frac{x+2}{x\sqrt{x}+1}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\right)\cdot\frac{4\sqrt{x}}{3}\)
\(E=\frac{x+2-x+\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\cdot\frac{4\sqrt{x}}{3}\)
\(E=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\cdot\frac{4\sqrt{x}}{3}=\frac{4\sqrt{x}}{3\left(x-\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
b) Với x\(\ge\)0; ta có:
\(E=\frac{8}{9}\) <=> \(\frac{4\sqrt{x}}{3\left(x-\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\frac{8}{9}\)
<=> \(3\sqrt{x}=2x-2\sqrt{x}+2\)
<=> \(2x-4\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}+2=0\)
<=> \(\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)=0\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{4}\left(tm\right)\\x=4\left(tm\right)\end{cases}}\)
e) Ta có: \(E=\frac{4\sqrt{x}}{3\left(x-\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\ge0\forall x\in R\) (vì \(x-\sqrt{x}+1=\left(\sqrt{x}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}>0\forall x\))
Dấu "=" xảy ra<=> x = 0
Vậy MinE = 0 <=> x = 0
Lại có: \(\frac{1}{E}=\frac{3\left(x-\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{4\sqrt{x}}=\frac{3}{4}\left(\sqrt{x}-1+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(2\sqrt{\sqrt{x}\cdot\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}}-1\right)\)(bđt cosi)
=> \(\frac{1}{E}\ge\frac{3}{2}.\left(2-1\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)=> \(E\le\frac{2}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra<=> \(\sqrt{x}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\) <=> x = 1
Vậy MaxE = 2/3 <=> x = 1
Bài: Cho x,y >0, x+y>=4. Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức: A= 3x + 4y +\(\frac{5}{x}+\frac{9}{y}\)
\(A=3x+4y+\frac{5}{x}+\frac{9}{y}=\frac{5}{4}x+\frac{5}{x}+\frac{9}{4}y+\frac{9}{y}+\frac{7}{4}x+\frac{7}{4}y\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{5}{4}x.\frac{5}{x}}+2\sqrt{\frac{9}{4}y.\frac{9}{y}}+\frac{7}{4}.4\)
\(=5+9+7=21\)
Dấu \(=\)khi \(x=y=2\).