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bạn xem lại xem 13.5(g) hay 13.8g nhé ^^ ,cho tròn số ý mà
CuCl2+2NaOH->Cu(OH)2+2NaCl
nCuCl2=13.5:138=0.1(mol)
nNaOH=20:40=0.5(mol)
theo pthh:nNaOH=2nCuCl2
theo bài ra,nNaOH=5 nCuCl2->NaOH dư tính theo CuCl2
theo pthh,nCu(OH)2=nCuCl2->nCu(OH)2=0.1(mol)
mCu(OH)2=0.1*98=9.8(g)
b)PTHH:Cu(OH)2+2HCl->CuCl2+2H2O
theo pthh:nHCl=2nCu(OH)2->nHCl=0.1*2=0.2(mol)
mHCl=0.2*36.5=7.3(g)
mDD HCl=7.3*100:10=73(g)
a)PTHH: ZnCl2+2KOH---->Zn(OH)2+2KCl
b)
mZnCl2=204.10100=20,4(g)ZnCl2=204.10100=20,4(g)
nZnCl2=20,4136=0,15(mol)ZnCl2=20,4136=0,15(mol)
nKOH=112.20%56=0,4(mol)KOH=112.20%56=0,4(mol)
=> 0,15/1 < 0,4/1=> KOH dư
Theo pthh, ta có :
nCu(OH)2=nZnCl2=0,15(mol)Cu(OH)2=nZnCl2=0,15(mol)
mCu(OH)2=0,15.98=14,7(g)Cu(OH)2=0,15.98=14,7(g)
c) m dd sau pư=204+112=316(g)
Theo pthh
nKOH=2nZnCl2=0,3(mol)KOH=2nZnCl2=0,3(mol)
C% KOH=0,3.56326.100%=5,32%0,3.56326.100%=5,32%
nKCl=2nZnCl2=0,3(mol)KCl=2nZnCl2=0,3(mol)
C% KCl=0,3.74,5316.100%=7,07%
a) 2AgNO3+CaCl2---->2AgCl+Ca(NO3)2
n AgNO3=1,7/170=0,01(mol)
n CaCl2=2,22/111=0,02(mol)
----> CaCl2 dư
Theo pthh
n AgCl=n AgNO3=0,01(mol)
m AgCl=0,01.143,5=14,35(g)
V dd sau pư=70+30=`100ml=0,1(l)
n CaCl2 dư=0,02-0,005=0,015(mol)
CM CaCl2=0,015/0,1=0,15(M)
Theo pthh
n Ca(NO3)2=1/2 n AgCl=0,005(mol)
CM Ca(NO3)2=0,005/0,1=0,05(M)
Bài 2
BaCl2+H2SO4--->BaSO4+2HCl
a) n BaCl2=400.5,2/100=20,8(g)
n BaCl2=20,8/208=0,1(mol)
m H2SO4=100.1,14.20/100=22,8(g)
n H2SO4=22,8/98=0,232(mol)
---->H2SO4 dư
Theo pthh
n BaSO4=n BaCl2=0,1(mol)
m BaSO4=0,1.233=23,3(g)
b) m dd sau pư=400+114-23,3
=490,7(g)
Theo pthh
n HCl=2n BaCl2=0,2(mol)
C%HCl=\(\frac{0,2.36,5}{490,7}.100\%=1,88\%\)
n H2SO4 dư=0,232-0,1=0,132(mol)
C% H2SO4=\(\frac{0,132.98}{490,7}.100\%=2,64\%\)
B1:
\(n_{AgNO3}=0,01\left(mol\right);n_{CaCl2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:\(2AgNO3+CaCl2\rightarrow2AgCl2\downarrow+Ca\left(NO3\right)2\)
Trước :0,01................0,02..........................................................(mol)
Pứng:\(0,01\rightarrow0,005\rightarrow0,01\rightarrow0,005\)
Dư: 0............................0,015......................................................(mol)
\(m\downarrow_{AgCL}=0,01.143,5=1,435\left(g\right)\)
Trong dd sau phản ứng chứa: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Ca\left(NO3\right)2:0,005\left(mol\right)\\CaCl2:0,015\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(C_{M_{Ca\left(NO3\right)2}}=\frac{0,005}{0,1}=0,05M\)
\(C_{M_{CaCl2}}=\frac{0,015}{0,1}=0,15M\)
Bài 2:\(n_{BaCl2}=\frac{400.5,2}{100.208}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(D=\frac{m_{dd}}{v_{dd}};C\%=\frac{m_{ct}}{m_{dd}}.100\Rightarrow m_{H2SO4}=\frac{D.v.d^2.C\%}{100}=22,8g\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H2SO4}=0,23\left(mol\right)\)
\(BaCl2+HSO4\rightarrow BaSO4\downarrow+2HCl\)
0,1..............0,1............0,1.................0,2.....(mol)
\(a,m_{\downarrow}=0,1.223=23,3\left(g\right)\)
\(b,m_{dd_{saupu}}=m_{BaCl2}+m_{dd_{H2SO4}}-m_{\downarrow}_{BaSO4}\)
\(=400+1,14.100-23,3=490,7\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\frac{0,2.36,5}{490,7}.100\%=1,48\%\)
\(\%H2SO4_{du}=\frac{\left(0,23-0,1\right).98}{490,7}.100=2,59\%\)
\(2NaOH+CuCl_2\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+2NaCl\)
\(m_{NaOH}=\frac{40.35}{100}=14\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}\frac{14}{40}=0.35\)
a,Theo pt \(n_{CuCl_2}=\frac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=\frac{1}{2}.0.35=0.175\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{CuCl_2}=\frac{0.175}{2}=0.0875\left(l\right)\)
b,theo pt:\(n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=0.35,n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=\frac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0.175\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0.175.98=17.15\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{NaCl}=0.35.58.5=20.475\left(g\right)\)
\(a,PTHH:CuCl_2+2KOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+2KCl\\ ...0,2......0,4.......0,2........0,4\left(mol\right)\\ b,n_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{27}{135}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2\cdot98=19,6\left(g\right)\\ c,m_{KOH}=0,4\cdot56=22,4\left(g\right)\\ m_{dd_{KOH}}=\dfrac{22,4\cdot100\%}{20\%}=112\left(g\right)\\ m_{dd_{KCl}}=m_{CuCl_2}+m_{dd_{KOH}}-m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=27+112-19,6=119,4\left(g\right)\)
\(d,C\%_{dd_{KCl}}=\dfrac{74,5\cdot0,4}{119,4}\cdot100\%\approx24,96\%\)