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\(A=1+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2018}\)
\(2A=2+2^2+...+2^{2019}\)
\(2A-A=\left(2+2^2+...+2^{2019}\right)-\left(1+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2018}\right)\)
\(A=2^{2019}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow A+1=2^{2019}-1+1=2^{2019}\)
\(\Rightarrow A+1\)là một lũy thừa
đpcm
\(S=1+2+2^2+...+2^{99}\)
\(S=\left(1+2\right)+\left(2^2+2^3\right)+...+\left(2^{98}+2^{99}\right)\)
\(S=3+2^2.3+...+2^{98}.3\)
\(=3\left(1+2^2+...+2^{98}\right)⋮3\)
\(\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\left(x+1\right)^2=0\\\left(x^2+1\right)=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+1=0\\x^2+1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-1\\x^2=-1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}x=-1}\)
Vậy x=-1
Ta có:
\(A=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}+\frac{4}{3^4}+...+\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3A=1+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}+\frac{4}{3^3}+...+\frac{100}{3^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{3^4}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow6A=3+1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{3^4}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{100}{3^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4A=3-\frac{101}{3^{99}}+\frac{100}{3^{100}}=3-\frac{203}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{3-\frac{203}{3^{100}}}{4}=\frac{3}{4}-\frac{203}{3^{100}.4}< \frac{3}{4}\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Vậy \(A< \frac{3}{4}\)
Đặt A = \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}\)
- Vì :
\(\frac{1}{2^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2.3}\)
...................
\(\frac{1}{n^2}< \frac{1}{n\left(n-1\right)}\)
Cộng vế với vế , ta suy ra
A < \(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)= \(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-.....+\frac{1}{n-1}-\frac{1}{n}\)
= \(1-\frac{1}{n}< 1\)
=> A<1 ( đpcm )
Ta có:\(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}\)>\(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right).n}\)=\(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{n-1}-\frac{1}{n}\)=\(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{n}\)<1 => \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}< 1\)
Vậy \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}< 1\)