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a)Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(VT^2=\left(\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}\right)^2\)
\(\le2\cdot\left(1+1+1\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\le6\)
\(\Rightarrow VT^2\le6\Rightarrow VT\le\sqrt{6}=VP\)
Xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
b)Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(VT^2=\left(\sqrt{a+\sqrt{b+\sqrt{2c}}}+\sqrt{b+\sqrt{c+\sqrt{2a}}}+\sqrt{c+\sqrt{a+\sqrt{2b}}}\right)^2\)
\(\le\left(1+1+1\right)\left(a+b+c+Σ\sqrt{b+\sqrt{2c}}\right)\)
\(=3\left(6+\sqrt{b+\sqrt{2c}+\sqrt{c+\sqrt{2a}}}+\sqrt{a+\sqrt{2b}}\right)\)
Đặt \(A^2=\left(\sqrt{b+\sqrt{2c}+\sqrt{c+\sqrt{2a}}}+\sqrt{a+\sqrt{2b}}\right)^2\)
\(\le\left(1+1+1\right)\left(a+b+c+\sqrt{2a}+\sqrt{2b}+\sqrt{2c}\right)\)
\(=3\left(6+\sqrt{2a}+\sqrt{2b}+\sqrt{2c}\right)\)
Đặt tiếp: \(B^2=\left(\sqrt{2a}+\sqrt{2b}+\sqrt{2c}\right)^2\)
\(\le2\cdot\left(1+1+1\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\le36\Rightarrow B\le6\)
\(\Rightarrow A^2\le3\left(6+\sqrt{2a}+\sqrt{2b}+\sqrt{2c}\right)\le3\cdot12=36\Rightarrow A\le6\)
\(\Rightarrow VT^2\le3\left(6+\sqrt{b+\sqrt{2c}+\sqrt{c+\sqrt{2a}}}+\sqrt{a+\sqrt{2b}}\right)\)
\(\le3\left(6+6\right)=3\cdot12=36\Rightarrow VT\le6=VP\)
Xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=2\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiakovski
\(VT^2=\left(\sqrt{a+b}.1+\sqrt{b+c}.1+\sqrt{c+a}.1\right)^2\)
\(\le\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(a+b+b+c+c+a\right)\)
\(=3.2\left(a+b+c\right)=6\)
Do đó \(VT\le\sqrt{6}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{\sqrt{a+b}}{1}=\dfrac{\sqrt{b+c}}{1}=\dfrac{\sqrt{c+a}}{1}\\a+b+c=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Vì a ; b ; c dương , áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho các cặp số dương , ta có :
\(\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a-c}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{c\left(a-c\right)}{ab}}\)
\(\frac{c}{a}+\frac{b-c}{b}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{c\left(b-c\right)}{ab}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\ge2\sqrt{\frac{c\left(a-c\right)}{ab}}+2\sqrt{\frac{c\left(b-c\right)}{ab}}\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge\frac{\sqrt{c\left(a-c\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(b-c\right)}}{\sqrt{ab}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{ab}\ge\sqrt{c\left(a-c\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(b-c\right)}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{c}{b}=\frac{a-c}{a};\frac{c}{a}=\frac{b-c}{b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{c}{b}+\frac{c}{a}=1\) \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{c}\)
Vì \(a;b\ge c\Rightarrow a=b=2c\)
Vậy ...
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương: \(\sqrt{\frac{c\left(a-c\right)}{ba}}+\sqrt{\frac{c\left(b-c\right)}{ab}}\le1\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\(VT\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a-c}{a}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{b-c}{b}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a-c+c}{a}+\frac{c+b-c}{b}\right)=1\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=2c\)
Ta có :
\(\sqrt{a +b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}\le\sqrt{6}\)
<=> \(\left(\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}\right)^2\le6\)
<=> \(2\left(a+b+c\right)+2\sqrt{a+b}\sqrt{b+c}+2\sqrt{c+a}\sqrt{b+c}+2\sqrt{b+c}\sqrt{c+a}\le6\)
<=> \(\sqrt{a+b}\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{b+c}\sqrt{c+a}\le2\) (a)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=a+b\\y=b+c\\z=c+a\end{cases}}\Rightarrow x+y+z=2\left(a+b+c\right)=2\)
Suy ra
(a) <=> \(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\le2\)
Ta có bất đẳng thức phụ sau : Với x,y,z là các số dương thì
\(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\le x+y+z\) (*)
Chứng minh : Nhân 2 cho 2 vế
(*) <=> \(2\sqrt{xy}+2\sqrt{yz}+2\sqrt{zx}\le2x+2y+2z\)
<=> \(\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{z}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z}-\sqrt{x}\right)^2\ge0\)
Vậy \(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\le x+y+z\)
Suy ra \(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\le x+y+z=2\)
Vậy Với a + b + c = 1 thì \(\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}\le\sqrt{6}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x = b = c = \(\frac{1}{3}\)
2, a, \(a+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+1}{a}\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2-2a+1\ge0\left(a>0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2\ge0\)( là đt đúng vs mọi a)
vậy...................
Câu 1:
\(M=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{48-10\sqrt{7+4\sqrt{3}}}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{48-10\sqrt{\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{48-20-10\sqrt{3}}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{\left(5-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+25-5\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+5}=3\)
\(M=\sqrt{5-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{29-12\sqrt{5}}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{5-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{5}-3\right)^2}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{5-\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{5}+3}}\)
\(=\sqrt{5-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{5-\sqrt{5}+1}=\sqrt{6-\sqrt{5}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki, ta có :
\(\left(1.\sqrt{a+b}+1.\sqrt{b+c}+1.\sqrt{c+a}\right)^2\le\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+a\right)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}\right)^2\le6\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}\le\sqrt{6}\)