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\(PTHH:HCl+KOH\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)(1)
\(HCl+KHCO_3\rightarrow KCl+H_2O+CO_2\)(2)
\(n_{KOH}=\frac{200.5,6}{100.56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{KHCO_3}=\frac{5}{100}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT (1) : \(n_{HCl}=n_{KOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT (2) : \(n_{HCl}=n_{KHCO_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{HCl}=0,2+0,05=0,25\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,25.36,5=9,125\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow a=m_{ddHCl}=\frac{9,125.100}{7,3}=125\left(g\right)\)
1. \(n_{NaCl}=x\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(m_{ddspu}=200+120-22x=320-22x\left(g\right)\)
Theo đề bài ta có:
\(\frac{58,5x}{320-22x}.100\%=20\%\\ \Leftrightarrow.........................\\ \Leftrightarrow x=1,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(C\%_{Na_2CO_3}=\frac{\frac{1,02}{2}.106}{200}.100\%=27,03\left(\%\right)\)
\(C\%_{Na_2CO_3}=\frac{1,02.36,5}{120}.100\%=31,03\left(\%\right)\)
2. \(n_{NaCl}=x\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(m_{ddspu}=307+365-22x=672-22x\left(g\right)\)
Theo đề bài ta có:
\(\frac{58,5x}{672-22x}.100\%=9\%\\ \Leftrightarrow.........................\\ \Leftrightarrow x=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(C\%_{Na_2CO_3}=\frac{\frac{1}{2}.106}{307}.100\%=17,26\left(\%\right)\)
\(C\%_{Na_2CO_3}=\frac{1.36,5}{365}.100\%=10\left(\%\right)\)
Bài1:
nNa2CO3 = x
Na2CO3 + 2HCl —> 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O
x…………….2x……………2x……..x
mdd sau phản ứng = mddNa2CO3 + mddHCl – mCO2 = 320 – 44x
C%NaCl = 58,5.2x/(320 – 44x) = 20%
—> x = 0,5087
C%Na2CO3 = 106x/200 = 26,96%
C%HCl = 36,5.2x/120 = 30,95%
Bài 2:
Gọi x là số mol của Na2CO3( chất tan)
Na2CO3 + 2HCl ---> 2NaCl + H2O + CO2
__x_______2x_______2x___________x
Ta có:
m NaCl = 117x (g)
m dd sau phản ứng = (307 + 365) - 44x ( mdd = m trươc p/ú - m khí )
Ta có: m ct / m dd = C / 100
=> 117x / (672 - 44x) = 9 \ 100
Giải ra x = 0.5(mol)
=> C% Na2CO3 = (0.5 x 106) / (672 - 44 x 0,5) x 100 = 8.15%
=> C% HCl = ( 2 x 0,5 x 36.5) / ( 672 - 44x0.5) x 100 =5.61%
Theo đề bài ta có : ⎧⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎨⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎩VddH2O4=601,2=50(ml)nNaOH=20.20100.40=0,1(mol){VddH2O4=601,2=50(ml)nNaOH=20.20100.40=0,1(mol)
nFe = 1,68/56 = 0,03 mol
a) Ta có PTHH :
2NaOH + H2SO4 -> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
0,1mol......0,05mol
=> CMH2SO4 = 0,05/0,05=1(M)
PTHH: \(CH_3COOH+KHCO_3\rightarrow CH_3COOK+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{200\cdot24\%}{60}=0,8\left(mol\right)=n_{KHCO_3}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddKHCO_3}=\dfrac{0,8\cdot100}{16,8\%}\approx476.2\left(g\right)\)
b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{CH_3COOK}=0,8\left(mol\right)=n_{CO_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CH_3COOK}=0,8\cdot98=78,4\left(g\right)\\m_{CO_2}=0,8\cdot44=35,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{ddCH_3COOH}+m_{ddKHCO_3}-m_{CO_2}=641\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{CH_3COOK}=\dfrac{78,4}{641}\cdot100\%\approx12,23\%\)