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nNaOH=0,2.2=0,4(mol)
nCa(OH)2=0,2.1=0,2(mol)
PTHH: NaOH + HNO3 -> NaNO3 + H2O
0,4_________0,4______0,4(mol)
Ca(OH)2 + 2 HNO3 -> Ca(NO3)2 + H2O
0,1______0,2______0,1(mol)
=> nHNO3(tổng)= 0,4+0,2=0,6(mol)
=>VddHNO3=0,6/2=0,3(l)= 300(ml)
=>V=300(ml)
=> CHỌN A
a, PT: \(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(Fe_3O_4+8HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+2FeCl_3+4H_2O\)
b, Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2O_3}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_3O_4}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 102x + 232y = 7,33 (1)
Ta có: \(m_{ddHCl}=77,41.1,06=82,0546\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=82,0546.12,9\%=10,585\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{10,585}{36,5}=0,29\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=6n_{Al_2O_3}+8n_{Fe_3O_4}=6x+8y=0,29\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,015\left(mol\right)\\y=0,025\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al_2O_3}=0,015.102=1,53\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe_3O_4}=0,025.232=5,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1,53}{7,33}.100\%\approx20,87\%\\\%m_{Fe_3O_4}\approx79,13\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Ta có: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=0,015.\dfrac{3,665}{7,33}=0,0075\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Al_2O_3+2KOH\rightarrow2KAlO_2+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{KOH}=2n_{Al_2O_3}=0,015\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,015}{4}=0,00375\left(l\right)=3,75\left(ml\right)\)
a) NaOH+HCl---->NaCl+H2O
n HCl=0,2.2=0,4(mol)
Theo pthh
n NaOH =n HCl =0,4(mol)
V NaOH= 0,4/0,1=4(l)=400ml
b) Ca(OH)2+2HCl---->CaCl2+2H2O
Theo pthhj
n Ca(OH)2=1/2 n HCl =0,2(mol)
m Ca(OH)2=\(\frac{0,2.74.100}{5}=296\left(g\right)\)
Bài 2
Ca(OH)2+2HCl---->CaCl2+2H2O
n HCl=0,2.2=0,4(mol)
Theo pthh
n Ca(OH)2=1/2 n HCl =0,2(mol)
m Ca(OH)2=\(\frac{0,2.74.200}{10}=148\left(g\right)\)
Bài 3
H2SO4+2NaOH--->Na2SO4+H2O
n H2SO4=0,2.1=0,2(mol)
Theo pthh
n NaOH =2n H2SO4=0,4(mol)
m NaOH=\(\frac{0,4.40.100}{20}=80\left(g\right)\)
Bài 4
HCl+NaOH---->NaCl+H2O
n HCl=0,2.1=0,2(mol)
Theo pthh
n NaCl =n HCl =0,2(mol)
m NaCl=0,2.58,5=11,7(g)
n NaOH =n HCl=0,2(mol)
m NaOH=\(\frac{0,2.40.100}{20}=40\left(g\right)\)
Câu 1:
\(\text{n hcl = 0,2.0,2 = 0,04 mol}\)
\(\text{a, naoh + hcl ---> nacl + h2o}\)
n naoh = n hcl = 0,04 mol
\(\Rightarrow\text{V naoh = 0,04 ÷ 0,1 = 0,4 lít --> V = 400ml}\)
b, \(\text{ca(oh)2 + 2hcl ---> cacl2 +2 h2o}\)
n ca(oh)2 =1/2. n hcl = 0 ,02 mol
\(\Rightarrow\text{--> m dd ca(oh)2 = 0,02. 74÷ 5 .100 = 29,6g}\)
Câu 2 :
\(\text{ n hcl = 0,2.2 = 0,4 mol}\)
\(\text{ca(oh)2 + 2hcl ---> cacl2 +2 h2o}\)
n ca(oh)2 =1/2. n hcl = 0 ,2 mol
\(\Rightarrow\text{m dd Ca(OH)2 = 0,2.74÷10.100 = 148g}\)
Câu 3:
\(\text{2NaOH + H2SO4 -> Na2SO4 + H2O}\)
Ta có : nH2SO4=0,2.1=0,2 mol
Theo ptpu: nNaOH=2nH2SO4=0,2.2=0,4 mol
\(\text{-> mNaOH=0,4.40=16 gam }\)
m dung dịch NaOH=16/20%=80 gam
Câu 4
\(\text{NaOH + HCl -> NaCl + H2O}\)
Ta có: nHCl=0,2.1=0,2 mol
Theo ptpu: nNaOH=nNaCl=nHCl=0,2 mol
\(\Rightarrow\text{mNaOH=0,2.40=8 gam}\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{m dung dịch NaOH=8/20%=40 gam}\)
muối là NaCl 0,2 mol -> mNaCl=0,2.58,5=11,7 gam
\(m_{NaOH\left(r\right)}=m\left(g\right)\\ V_{NaOH}=x\left(L\right)\\ n_{NaOH}=2.2,5=5\left(mol\right)\\ m_{ddNaOH}=2500.1,06=2650\left(g\right)\\ Có:\dfrac{m}{40}+0,5x=5\left(mol\right)\\ x=2,5\left(L\right)\\ \Rightarrow m=150\left(g\right)\)
Vậy cần 150 g NaOH rắn và 2,5 L dung dịch NaOH 0,5 M, giả sử việc pha chế không làm thay đổi thể tích dung dịch.
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH.khan}=a\left(mol\right)\\V_{dd.NaOH.0,5M}=b\left(ml\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{dd.sau.khi.pha}=2,5.1000.1,06=2650\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH\left(trong.dd.NaOH.0,5M\right)}=0,001b.0,5=0,0005b\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH\left(trong.dd.sau.khi.pha\right)}=a+0,0005b\left(mol\right)\)
Mặt khác theo đề, nNaOH trong dung dịch sau khi pha là \(2,5.2=5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a+0,0005b=5\left(I\right)\)
Trong dung dịch NaOH 0,5M ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaOH}=0,0005b.40=0,02b\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2O}=1.b=b\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd.NaOH.0,5M}=1,02b\left(g\right)\)
Theo đl bảo toàn khối lượng:
\(m_{NaOH.khan}+m_{dd.NaOH.0,5M}=m_{dd.NaOH.2M}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow40a+1,02b=2650\left(II\right)\)
Từ (I), (II) suy ra: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=3,775\\b=2450\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=1.0,2=0,2(mol)\\ PTHH:2NaOH+H_2SO_4\to Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ a,n_{NaOH}=0,4(mol);n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,2.142=28,4(g)\\ m_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,4.40}{20\%}=80(g) \end{cases}\\ b,2KOH+H_2SO_4\to K_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{KOH}=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{KOH}}=\dfrac{0,4.56}{5,6\%}=400(g)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{KOH}}=\dfrac{400}{1,045}=382,78(ml)\)
Bước 1: nH2SO4 = VH2SO4 . CM H2SO4= 0,2 . 1 = 0,2mol
Bước 2:
PTHH: 2NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + H2O
2 mol 1 mol
? mol 0,2mol
nNaOH=0,2.21=0,4mol.nNaOH=0,2.21=0,4mol.
m NaOH= n NaOH.MNaOH = 0,4 . (23 + 16 + 1) = 16g
Bước 3: C% = mNaOH : m dd NaOH => mdd NaOH = mNaOH : C% = 16 : 20% = 80g
a) \(m_{HCl}=200.10,95\%=21,9\left(g\right)\)
b) \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
x_______2x________x____x(mol)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{200.10,95\%}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Dung dịch A phải có HCl dư mới có thể trung hòa được NaOH.
\(n_{NaOH}=0,05.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
y________y______y(mol)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=0,6\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,25\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a=m_{CaCO_3}=100x=100.0,25=25\left(g\right)\\ V=V_{CO_2\left(đktc\right)}=22,4x=22,4.0,25=5,6\left(l\right)\)
c)
\(m_{ddA}=25+200-0,25.44=214\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddCaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,25.111}{214}.100\approx12,967\%\\ C\%_{ddHCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,1.36,5}{214}.100\approx1,706\%\)
1.NaOH+HCl--->NaCl+H2O
nNaOH=(200.10%)/40=0,5
=>nHCl=nNaOH=0,5
=>mddHCl=(0,5.36,5)/3,65%=500 g
2:a,2NaOH+H2SO4−−>Na2SO4+H2O2
Theo pthh, ta có: nNaOH=2.nH2SO4=0,4mol
-->mNaOH=16g
-->md/dNaOH=80g
b, Ta có: nKOH=0,4mol
-->md/dKOH=400g
-->V=383ml
Bạn tự viết PTHH nhé
mddHNO3=126.14g
mHNO3=126.14x10%=12.614g<=>0.2mol
Đặt mddA=a(g)
->mNaOH=0.04ag;mCa(OH)2=0.037ag
->nHNO3 được trung hòa=0.04a:40+2x0.037:74=0.002amol
->0.002a=0.2->a=100g
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