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a) \(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
0,05-->0,1------->0,05
2C2H2 + 5O2 --to--> 4CO2 + 2H2O
0,125<--0,3125<----0,25
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,05+0,125}.100\%=28,57\%\\\%V_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,125}{0,05+0,125}.100\%=71,43\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,05.16}{0,05.16+0,125.26}.100\%=19,753\%\\\%m_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,125.26}{0,05.16+0,125.26}.100\%=80,247\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(n_{O_2}=0,1+0,3125=0,4125\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{O_2}=0,4125.22,4=9,24\left(l\right)\)
=> Vkk = 9,24.5 = 46,2 (l)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(CO+\dfrac{1}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2\)
0,3 0,3
\(n_{H_2}=0,5-0,3=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\%_{V_{CO}}=\dfrac{0,3.22,4.100}{11,2}=60\%\)
\(\%_{V_{H_2}}=\dfrac{0,2.22,4.100}{11,2}=40\%\)
☕T.Lam
Giả sử các khí được đo ở điều kiện sao cho 1 mol khí chiếm thể tích 1 lít
Gọi số mol CH4, C2H6 là a, b (mol)
=> \(a+b=\dfrac{25}{1}=25\left(mol\right)\) (1)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{95}{1}=95\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
a---->2a---------->a
2C2H6 + 7O2 --to--> 4CO2 + 6H2O
b------>3,5b-------->2b
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=95-2a-3,5b\left(mol\right)\\n_{CO_2}=a+2b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(95-a-1,5b=\dfrac{60}{1}=60\)
=> a + 1,5b = 35 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 5; b = 20
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{5}{25}.100\%=20\%\\\%V_{C_2H_6}=\dfrac{20}{25}.100\%=80\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\overline{M}_A=\dfrac{5.16+20.30}{5+20}=27,2\left(g/mol\right)\)
\(\overline{M}_B=20,5.2=41\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> \(d_{A/B}=\dfrac{27,2}{41}\approx0,663\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
0,2 0,2
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\
\%V_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{4,48+6,72}.100\%=40\%\\
\Rightarrow\%V_{O_2}=100\%-40\%=60\%\)
a) CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 +2H2O
2C4H10 + 13O2 --to--> 8CO2 + 10H2O
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}+n_{C_4H_{10}}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\\\dfrac{n_{CH_4}}{n_{C_4H_{10}}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}=0,1\\n_{C_4H_{10}}=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 +2H2O
_____0,1--->0,2--------->0,1
2C4H10 + 13O2 --to--> 8CO2 + 10H2O
__0,2---->1,3------->0,8
=> VO2 = (0,2+1,3).22,4 = 33,6 (l)
=> Vkk = 33,6.5 = 168 (l)
VCO2 = (0,1+0,8).22,4 = 20,16 (l)
Bạn ơi cho mình hỏi là trong PTHH2 vì sao O2 lại là 1,3 mol vậy mình tính ra lại bằng 2,6 mol cơ
\(a)\\ 2CO + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2CO\\ 2H_2 + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2H_2O\\ n_{H_2} = n_{H_2O} = \dfrac{1,8}{18} = 0,1(mol)\\ \)
Theo PTHH :
\(2n_{O_2} = n_{CO} + n_{H_2}\\ \Leftrightarrow 2.\dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = n_{CO} + 0,1\\ \Leftrightarrow n_{CO} = 0,2(mol)\\ \%V_{H_2} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,1+ 0,2}.100\% = 33,33\%\\ \%V_{CO} = 100\%-33,33\% = 66,67\%\\ c) Cách\ 1 :\\ n_{CO_2} = n_{CO} = 0,2(mol)\\ m_{CO_2} = 0,2.44 = 8,8(gam)\\ Cách\ 2 : \\ m_{hh} = m_{CO} + m_{H_2} = 0,2.28 + 0,1.2 = 5,8(gam) \)
Bảo toàn khối lượng :
\(m_{hh} + m_{O_2} = m_{H_2O} + m_{CO_2}\\ \Rightarrow m_{CO_2} = 5,8 + 0,15.32 - 1,8 = 8,8(gam)\)
a)
2CO + O2 --to--> 2CO2
2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
b) \(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{12,6}{18}=0,7\left(mol\right)\); \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2CO + O2 --to--> 2CO2
0,6<--0,3<------0,6
2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
0,7<--0,35<------0,7
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{CO}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,7.22,4=15,68\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
VO2 = (0,3 + 0,35).22,4 = 14,56 (l)
c) \(M_A=\dfrac{0,6.28+0,7.2}{0,6+0,7}=14\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> \(d_{A/O_2}=\dfrac{14}{32}=0,4375\)