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\(2Mg+O_2\xrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\\ 4Al+3O_2\xrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} 24.n_{Mg}+27.n_{Al}=5,1\\ 0,5.n_{Mg}+0,75.n_{Al}=n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2,8}{22,4}=0,125 \end{cases}\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} n_{Mg}=0,1(mol)\\ n_{Al_2O_3}=0,1(mol) \end{cases}\\ \Rightarrow \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1.24}{5,1}.100\%\approx 47,06\%\)
a) Gọi số mol Al, Zn là 2a, a (mol)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
2a-->1,5a---------->a
2Zn + O2 --to--> 2ZnO
a---->0,5a------->a
=> \(102a+81a=18,3\)
=> a = 0,1 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{0,2.27+0,1.65}.100\%=45,378\%\\\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{0,2.27+0,1.65}.100\%=54,622\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(n_{O_2}=1,5a+0,5a=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{O_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
a. Ag không phản ứng nên ta có PTHH: \(2Mg+O_2\rightarrow^{t^o}2MgO\)
\(\rightarrow m_{O_2}=m_{hh}-m_{\mu\text{ối}}=18,8-15,6=3,2g\)
\(\rightarrow n_{O_2}=\frac{3,2}{32}=0,1mol\)
b. \(\rightarrow V_{O_2}=n.22,4=22,4.0,1=2,24l\)
\(\rightarrow V_{kk}=4,48.5=11,2l\)
c. Có \(n_{Mg}=2n_{O_2}=0,2l\)
\(\rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8g\)
\(\rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\frac{4,8.100}{15,6}\approx30,77\%\)
\(\rightarrow\%m_{Ag}=100\%-30,77\%=69,23\%\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5.6}{22.4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{10.08}{22.4}=0.45\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Fe_3O_4\)
\(a.......\dfrac{2a}{3}\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2Al_2O_3\)
\(b.......\dfrac{3b}{4}\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2a}{3}+\dfrac{3b}{4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(n_{H_2}=a+1.5b=0.45\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.15,b=0.2\)
\(m_{Fe}=0.15\cdot56=8.4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=0.2\cdot27=5.4\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{8.4}{8.4+5.4}\cdot100\%=60.8\%\)
\(\%m_{Al}=100-60.8=39.2\%\)
PTHH: \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\) (1)
\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\) (2)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2\left(1\right)}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot\dfrac{13,5}{27}=0,375\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2\left(1\right)}+n_{O_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{16,8}{22,4}=0,75\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(2\right)}=0,375\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{Mg}=0,75\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,75\cdot24}{0,75\cdot24+13,5}\cdot100\%\approx57,14\%\)
PTHH: \(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\) (1)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\) (2)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\Sigma n_{O_2}=\dfrac{33,6}{22,4}=1,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(2\right)}=0,075\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(1\right)}=1,425\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{Mg}=2,85\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,85\cdot24}{2,85\cdot24+2,7}\cdot100\%\approx96,2\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=3,8\%\)
\(n_{O_2} =\dfrac{33,6}{22,4} = 1,5(mol)\\ n_{Al} = \dfrac{2,7}{27} = 0,1(mol)\\ 2Mg + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2MgO\\ 4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3\\ n_{O_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Mg} + \dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}\\ \Rightarrow n_{Mg} = 2,85(mol)\)
Vậy :
\(\%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{2,85.24}{2,85.24 + 2,7}.100\% = 96,2\%\\ \%m_{Al} = 100\% - 96,2\% = 3,8\%\)
Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ 28x + 2y = 11,8 (1)
PT: \(2CO+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2\)
\(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{CO}+\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{2}y\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ x + y = 0,7 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ⇒ x = 0,4 (mol), y = 0,3 (mol)
a, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CO}=\dfrac{0,4.28}{11,8}.100\%\approx94,9\%\\\%m_{H_2}\approx5,1\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Ở cùng điều kiện nhiệt độ và áp suất, % số mol cũng là % thể tích.
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CO}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,7}.100\%\approx57,14\%\\\%V_{H_2}\approx42,86\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
PTHH:
\(2CO+O_2\overset{t^o}{--->}2CO_2\left(1\right)\)
\(2H_2+O_2\overset{t^o}{--->}2H_2O\left(2\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi x, y lần lượt là số mol của CO và H2
a. Theo PT(1): \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{CO}=\dfrac{1}{2}x\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(2): \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}y\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{2}y=0,35\) (*)
Theo đề, ta có: \(28x+2y=11,8\) (**)
Từ (*) và (**), ta có HPT:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{2}y=0,35\\28x+2y=11,8\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,4\\y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=2.0,3=0,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%_{m_{H_2}}=\dfrac{0,6}{11,8}.100\%=5,08\%\)
\(\%_{m_{CO}}=100\%-5,08\%=94,92\%\)
b. \(\%_{V_{CO}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,4+0,3}.100\%=57,1\%\)
\(\%_{V_{H_2}}=100\%-57,1\%=42,9\%\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{V_{O_2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6mol\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_P=x\\n_S=y\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_P=31x\\m_S=32y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(4P+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2P_2O_5\)
x 1,25x ( mol )
\(S+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)SO_2\)
y y ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}31x+32y=15,6\\1,25x+y=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,4\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_P=31.0,4=12,4g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_S=32.0,1=3,2g\)
4Al + 3O2 => 2Al2O3
2Mg + O2 => 2MgO
giải hệ 27x+24y= 15,6
0,75x+0,5y= 0,4
=> x= 0,4 ;y= 0,2
=> mAl = 0,4.27 = 10,8(g)
%Al = \(\frac{10,8}{15,6}.100\%=69,23\%\)
=> %Mg = 100%- 69,23% = 30,77%