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Xét tích : \(\left[x^2\left(z-y\right)+y^2\left(x-z\right)+z^2\left(y-x\right)\right]\left(x+y+z\right)\)
=\(x^3\left(z-y\right)+x^2\left(z-y\right)\left(z+y\right)+y^3\left(x-z\right)+y^2\left(x-z\right)\left(x+z\right)\)
\(+z^3\left(y-x\right)+z^2\left(y-x\right)\left(y+x\right)\)
\(=x^3\left(z-y\right)+y^3\left(x-z\right)+z^3\left(y-x\right)+x^2\left(z^2-y^2\right)+y^2\left(x^2-z^2\right)+z^2\left(y^2-x^2\right)\)
\(=x^3\left(z-y\right)+y^3\left(x-z\right)+z^3\left(y-x\right)+x^2z^2-x^2y^2+y^2x^2-y^2z^2+z^2y^2-z^2x^2\)
\(=x^3\left(z-y\right)+y^3\left(x-z\right)+z^3\left(y-x\right)\)
Như vậy:
\(\left[x^2\left(z-y\right)+y^2\left(x-z\right)+z^2\left(y-x\right)\right]\left(x+y+z\right)\)\(=x^3\left(z-y\right)+y^3\left(x-z\right)+z^3\left(y-x\right)\)
<=> \(\frac{x^3\left(z-y\right)+y^3\left(x-z\right)+z^3\left(y-x\right)}{x^2\left(z-y\right)+y^2\left(x-z\right)+z^2\left(y-x\right)}=x+y+z\)
Ta có: \(\frac{\frac{x^2\left(z-y\right)}{yz}+\frac{y^2\left(x-z\right)}{xz}+\frac{z^2\left(y-x\right)}{xy}}{\frac{x\left(z-y\right)}{yz}+\frac{y\left(x-z\right)}{xz}+\frac{z\left(y-x\right)}{xy}}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{x^3\left(z-y\right)}{xyz}+\frac{y^3\left(x-z\right)}{xyz}+\frac{z^3\left(y-x\right)}{xyz}}{\frac{x^2\left(z-y\right)}{xyz}+\frac{y^2\left(x-z\right)}{xyz}+\frac{z^2\left(y-x\right)}{xyz}}\)
\(=\frac{x^3\left(z-y\right)+y^3\left(x-z\right)+z^3\left(y-x\right)}{x^2\left(z-y\right)+y^2\left(x-z\right)+z^2\left(y-x\right)}=x+y+z\)
a) xy(x + y) + yz(y + z) + xz(z + x) + 3xyz
= xy(X + y + z) + yz(x + y + z) + xz(X + y + z)
= (x + y +z)(xy + yz+ xz)
b) xy(x + y) - yz(y + z) - xz(z - x)
= x2y + xy2 - y2z - yz2 - xz2 + x2z
= x2(y + z) - yz(y + z) + x(y2 - z2)
= x2(y + z) - yz(y + z) + x(y + z)(y - z)
= (y + z)(x2 - yz + xy - xz)
= (y + z)[x(x + y) - z(x + y)]
= (y + z)(x + y)(x - z)
c) x(y2 - z2) + y(z2 - x2) + z(x2 - y2)
= x(y - z)(y + z) + yz2 - yx2 + x2z - y2z
= x(y - z)(y + z) - yz(y - z) - x2(y - z)
= (y - z)((xy + xz - yz - x2)
= (y - z)[x(y - x) - z(y - x)]
= (y - z)(x - z)(y -x)
Ta có : \(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\left(2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2zx\right)\)
\(=\frac{\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2yz+z^2\right)+\left(z^2-2xz+x^2\right)}{2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x-y\right)+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}{2}\) ( đpcm )
Lời giải:
Áp dụng hằng đẳng thức dạng:
\(a^3+b^3=(a+b)^3-3ab(a+b)=(a+b)(a^2-ab+b^2)\) ta có:
\(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=(x+y)^3-3xy(x+y)+z^3-3xyz\)
\(=[(x+y)^3+z^3]-[3xy(x+y)+3xyz]\)
\(=(x+y+z)[(x+y)^2-z(x+y)+z^2]-3xy(x+y+z)\)
\(=(x+y+z)(x^2+y^2+2xy-zx-zy+z^2-3xy)\)
\(=(x+y+z)(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz)\)
Ta có đpcm.
Lời giải:
Áp dụng hằng đẳng thức dạng:
\(a^3+b^3=(a+b)^3-3ab(a+b)=(a+b)(a^2-ab+b^2)\) ta có:
\(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=(x+y)^3-3xy(x+y)+z^3-3xyz\)
\(=[(x+y)^3+z^3]-[3xy(x+y)+3xyz]\)
\(=(x+y+z)[(x+y)^2-z(x+y)+z^2]-3xy(x+y+z)\)
\(=(x+y+z)(x^2+y^2+2xy-zx-zy+z^2-3xy)\)
\(=(x+y+z)(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz)\)
Ta có đpcm.
Ta có: \(\frac{x^2-yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}=\frac{x^2+xy-xy-yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x\left(x+y\right)-y\left(x+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x}{x+z}-\frac{y}{x+y}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{y^2-xz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}=\frac{y}{y+z}-\frac{y}{x+y}\)
\(\frac{z^2-xz}{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}=\frac{z}{y+z}-\frac{x}{x+z}\)
Do đó: \(A=\frac{x}{x+z}-\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{y}{y+z}-\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{z}{y+z}-\frac{x}{x+z}=0\)
\(A=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left[\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\right]+\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2+2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz+zx\right)^2\) là một số chính phương (đpcm)