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a, Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)
b, Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{5b}{5d}=\dfrac{3a}{4c}=\dfrac{4b}{4d}=\dfrac{2a+5b}{2c+5d}=\dfrac{3a-4b}{3c-4d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}\)
c, Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
Ta có \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{bk\cdot b}{dk\cdot d}=\dfrac{b^2k}{d^2k}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk-b\right)^2}{\left(dk-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{b^2\left(k-1\right)^2}{d^2\left(k-1\right)^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
Do đó \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\)
d, Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
Ta có \(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{bk\cdot dk}{bd}=k^2\)
\(\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2+d^2k^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{k^2\left(b^2+d^2\right)}{b^2+d^2}=k^2\)
Do đó \(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}\)
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đặt \(\frac{a}{b}\)= \(\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}k=ab\\k=cd\end{cases}}\)
ta có : \(\frac{7a-4b}{3a+5b}\)= \(\frac{7ak-4b}{3ak-5b}=\frac{a\left(7k-4\right)}{a\left(3k-5\right)}=\frac{7k-4}{3k-5}\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{7c-4d}{3c+5d}\)=\(\frac{7ck-4d}{3ck+5d}\)= \(\frac{c\left(7k-4\right)}{c\left(3k+5\right)}\)= \(\frac{7k-4}{3k+5}\)( 2 )
từ (1) và ( 2) => \(\frac{7a-4b}{3a+5b}=\frac{7c-4d}{3c+5d}\)( điều phải chứng minh )
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a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk; c=dk
\(\dfrac{a-2b}{b}=\dfrac{bk-2b}{b}=k-2\)
\(\dfrac{c-2d}{d}=\dfrac{dk-2d}{d}=k-2\)
=>CÓ \(\dfrac{a-2b}{b}=\dfrac{c-2d}{d}\)
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a, ta có :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{2b}{2d}\)
áp dụng tính chất dă y tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{2b}{2d}=\dfrac{a+2b}{c+2d}=\dfrac{2a-b}{2c-d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+2b}{c+2d}=\dfrac{2a-b}{2c-d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+2b}{2a-b}=\dfrac{c+2d}{2c-d}\) (ĐPCM)
b, ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{3c}{3d}\)
áp dụng tính chất dă tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{3c}{3d}=\dfrac{a+3c}{b+3d}=\dfrac{a-c}{b-d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+3c}{b+3d}=\dfrac{a-c}{b-d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+3c\right)\left(b-d\right)=\left(b+3d\right)\left(a-c\right)\) (ĐPCM)
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Lời giải
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b^2}=\frac{b^2}{c^2}=\frac{a.b}{b.c}=\frac{a}{c}\) (1)
Mặt khác,áp dụng t/c tỉ dãy số bằng nhau,ta có:\(\frac{a^2}{b^2}=\frac{b^2}{c^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{b^2+c^2}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có đpcm (điều phải chứng minh)
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lời giải:
Đặt $\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=t\Rightarrow a=bt; c=dt$. Ta có:
$\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{b^2t}{d^2t}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}(1)$
Mặt khác:
$\frac{(a-b)^2}{(c-d)^2}=\frac{(bt-b)^2}{(dt-d)^2}=\frac{b^2(t-1)^2}{d^2(t-1)^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}(2)$
Từ $(1); (2)\Rightarrow \frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{(a-b)^2}{(c-d)^2}$
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
=>a=bk; c=dk
\(\dfrac{2017a+2018b}{2017a-2018b}=\dfrac{2017\cdot bk+2018b}{2017\cdot bk-2018b}=\dfrac{b\left(2017k+2018\right)}{b\left(2017k-2018\right)}=\dfrac{2017k+2018}{2017k-2018}\)
\(\dfrac{2017c+2018d}{2017c-2018d}=\dfrac{2017\cdot dk+2018d}{2017\cdot dk-2018d}=\dfrac{d\left(2017k+2018\right)}{d\left(2017k-2018\right)}=\dfrac{2017k+2018}{2017k-2018}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{2017a+2018b}{2017a-2018b}=\dfrac{2017c+2018d}{2017c-2018d}\)