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Ta co:\(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}=\frac{9}{3}=3\) ; \(xyz\le\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^3}{27}=\frac{27}{27}=1\)
\(P=x^4+y^4+z^4+12\left(1-z-y+yz-x+xz+xy-xyz\right)\)
\(=x^4+y^4+z^4+12-12xyz-12\left(x+y+z\right)+12\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3}+12-12.\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^3}{27}-12.3+12\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(\ge3+12-12.1-36+4.\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\ge-33+4.\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\left(\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}\right)\)
\(=-33+4.\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)\ge-33+4\left(xy.\frac{1}{xy}+yz.\frac{1}{yz}+zx.\frac{1}{zx}\right)^2\)
\(=-33+4\left(1+1+1\right)^2=-33+36=3\)
Dau '=' xay ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Vay \(P_{min}=3\)khi \(x=y=z=1\)
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Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho 2 số thực dương \(\dfrac{xy}{z}\) và \(\dfrac{yz}{x}\) có:
\(\dfrac{xy}{z}+\dfrac{yz}{x}\) \(\ge\) 2\(\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{z}\cdot\dfrac{yz}{x}}\) = 2\(\sqrt{y^2}\) = 2y (1)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{yz}{x}+\dfrac{zx}{y}\ge2z\) (2)
\(\dfrac{xy}{z}+\dfrac{zx}{y}\ge2x\) (3)
Từ (1); (2); (3)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{2xy}{z}+\dfrac{2yz}{x}+\dfrac{2zx}{y}\ge2x+2y+2z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 2\(\left(\dfrac{xy}{z}+\dfrac{yz}{x}+\dfrac{zx}{y}\right)\) \(\ge\) 2(x + y + z)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\dfrac{xy}{z}+\dfrac{yz}{x}+\dfrac{zx}{y}\ge x+y+z=10\)
Hay PMin = 10
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\) x = y = z = \(\dfrac{10}{3}\)
Vậy ...
Chúc bn học tốt!
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Đặt \(A=x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz+zx\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunyakovsky dạng phân thức, ta được: \(2A=x^2+y^2+z^2+\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}+\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
\(=\frac{4\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}=12\Rightarrow A\ge6\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1