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a) Thay x=1 và y=-2 vào (P), ta được:
\(a\cdot1^2-4\cdot1+c=-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-4+c=-2\)
hay a+c=-2+4=2
Thay x=2 và y=3 vào (P), ta được:
\(a\cdot2^2-4\cdot2+c=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a-8+c=3\)
hay 4a+c=11
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+c=2\\4a+c=11\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-3a=-9\\a+c=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\c=2-a=2-3=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: (P): \(y=3x^2-4x-1\)
Bài 2:
a: Theo đề, ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\c=5\\\dfrac{-b}{2a}=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=-5\\b=-6a\\c=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-5a=-5\\b=-6a\\c=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=-6\\c=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: Theo đề, ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+2b+c=3\\\dfrac{-b}{2a}=3\\-\dfrac{b^2+4ac}{4a}=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+2b+c=3\\b=-6a\\\left(-6a\right)^2+4ac=-16a\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a-12a+c=3\\b=-6a\\36a^2+16a+4ac=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}c=8a+3\\b=-6a\\36a^2+16a+4a\left(8a+3\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-\dfrac{7}{17}\\b=6\cdot\dfrac{7}{17}=\dfrac{42}{17}\\c=8\cdot\dfrac{-7}{17}+3=-\dfrac{5}{17}\end{matrix}\right.\)
(P): ax2+bx+c có đỉnh $I(-\frac{b}{2a};-\frac{\Delta}{4a})$, trục đối xứng $x=-\frac{b}{2a}$
a) b=-2a, $\Delta=b^2-4ac=-8a$ nên a-c=-2. Lại có (P) qua M nên a-b+c=-2. Vậy a=-1,b=2,c=1 nên (P):--x2+2x+1
b) b=-4a. Lại có (P) qua A,B nên a+b+c=-6, 16a+4b+c=3. Suy ra a=3, b=-12, c=3. Vậy (P):3x2-12x+3
\(a,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}9a+3b=-6\\\dfrac{b}{2a}=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+b=-2\\3a=b\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-\dfrac{1}{3}\\b=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(P\right):y=-\dfrac{1}{3}x^2-x+2\\ b,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+2b=-3\\-\dfrac{b}{2a}=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+2b=-3\\4a-b=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-\dfrac{1}{4}\\b=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left(P\right):y=-\dfrac{1}{4}x^2-x+2\)
a/ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\frac{b}{2a}=2\\-\frac{b^2+4a}{4a}=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=-4a\\b^2+16a=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-1\\b=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\frac{b}{2a}=1\\2=9a+3b-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b-1=2\\4a+2b-1=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-2\\b=5\end{matrix}\right.\)